C++: Introduce a new base class for template parameters

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2024-12-17-template-parameter-base.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: feature
+---
+* A new class `TemplateParameterBase` was introduced, which represents C++ non-type template parameters, type template parameters, and template template parameters.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2024-12-17-template-parameter.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: deprecated
+---
+* The `TemplateParameter` class, representing C++ type template parameters has been deprecated. Use `TypeTemplateParameter` instead.

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/Class.qll

@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ class ClassTemplateSpecialization extends Class {
     result.getNamespace() = this.getNamespace() and
     // It is distinguished by the fact that each of its template arguments
     // is a distinct template parameter.
-    count(TemplateParameter tp | tp = result.getATemplateArgument()) =
+    count(TemplateParameterBase tp | tp = result.getATemplateArgument()) =
       count(int i | exists(result.getTemplateArgument(i)))
   }
 
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ private predicate isPartialClassTemplateSpecialization(Class c) {
    */
 
   exists(Type ta | ta = c.getATemplateArgument() and ta.involvesTemplateParameter()) and
-  count(TemplateParameter tp | tp = c.getATemplateArgument()) !=
+  count(TemplateParameterBase tp | tp = c.getATemplateArgument()) !=
     count(int i | exists(c.getTemplateArgument(i)))
 }
 
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ class ProxyClass extends UserType {
   override Location getLocation() { result = this.getTemplateParameter().getDefinitionLocation() }
 
   /** Gets the template parameter for which this is the proxy class. */
-  TemplateParameter getTemplateParameter() {
+  TypeTemplateParameter getTemplateParameter() {
     is_proxy_class_for(underlyingElement(this), unresolveElement(result))
   }
 }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/Declaration.qll

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class Declaration extends Locatable, @declaration {
       this instanceof Parameter or
       this instanceof ProxyClass or
       this instanceof LocalVariable or
-      this instanceof TemplateParameter or
+      this instanceof TypeTemplateParameter or
       this.(UserType).isLocal()
     )
   }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/Print.qll

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ private string getScopePrefix(Declaration decl) {
     result = "(" + type.getEnclosingFunction().(DumpFunction).getIdentityString() + ")::"
   )
   or
-  decl instanceof TemplateParameter and result = ""
+  decl instanceof TypeTemplateParameter and result = ""
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/Type.qll

@@ -1666,6 +1666,28 @@ class RoutineType extends Type, @routinetype {
   }
 }
 
+abstract private class TemplateParameterImpl extends Locatable {
+  override string getAPrimaryQlClass() { result = "TemplateParameterImpl" }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A C++ template parameter.
+ *
+ * In the example below, `T`, `TT`, and `I` are template parameters:
+ * ```
+ * template <class T, template<typename> TT, int I>
+ * class C { };
+ * ```
+ */
+final class TemplateParameterBase = TemplateParameterImpl;
+
+/**
+ * A C++ `typename` (or `class`) template parameter.
+ *
+ * DEPRECATED: Use `TypeTemplateParameter` instead.
+ */
+deprecated class TemplateParameter = TypeTemplateParameter;
+
 /**
  * A C++ `typename` (or `class`) template parameter.
  *
@@ -1675,12 +1697,12 @@ class RoutineType extends Type, @routinetype {
  * class C { };
  * ```
  */
-class TemplateParameter extends UserType {
-  TemplateParameter() {
+class TypeTemplateParameter extends UserType, TemplateParameterImpl {
+  TypeTemplateParameter() {
     usertypes(underlyingElement(this), _, 7) or usertypes(underlyingElement(this), _, 8)
   }
 
-  override string getAPrimaryQlClass() { result = "TemplateParameter" }
+  override string getAPrimaryQlClass() { result = "TypeTemplateParameter" }
 
   override predicate involvesTemplateParameter() { any() }
 }
@@ -1695,7 +1717,7 @@ class TemplateParameter extends UserType {
  * void foo(const Container<Elem> &value) { }
  * ```
  */
-class TemplateTemplateParameter extends TemplateParameter {
+class TemplateTemplateParameter extends TypeTemplateParameter {
   TemplateTemplateParameter() { usertypes(underlyingElement(this), _, 8) }
 
   override string getAPrimaryQlClass() { result = "TemplateTemplateParameter" }
@@ -1707,7 +1729,7 @@ class TemplateTemplateParameter extends TemplateParameter {
  * auto val = some_typed_expr();
  * ```
  */
-class AutoType extends TemplateParameter {
+class AutoType extends TypeTemplateParameter {
   AutoType() { usertypes(underlyingElement(this), "auto", 7) }
 
   override string getAPrimaryQlClass() { result = "AutoType" }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/commons/Dependency.qll

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class Symbol extends DependsSource {
       not this.(TypeDeclarationEntry).getType() instanceof LocalEnum and
       not this.(TypeDeclarationEntry).getType() instanceof LocalClass and
       not this.(TypeDeclarationEntry).getType() instanceof LocalTypedefType and
-      not this.(TypeDeclarationEntry).getType() instanceof TemplateParameter
+      not this.(TypeDeclarationEntry).getType() instanceof TypeTemplateParameter
       or
       this instanceof NamespaceDeclarationEntry
     )

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/ExternalFlow.qll

@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ private string getTypeNameWithoutFunctionTemplates(Function f, int n, int remain
     result = getParameterTypeWithoutTemplateArguments(templateFunction, n)
   )
   or
-  exists(string mid, TemplateParameter tp, Function templateFunction |
+  exists(string mid, TypeTemplateParameter tp, Function templateFunction |
     mid = getTypeNameWithoutFunctionTemplates(f, n, remaining + 1) and
     templateFunction = getFullyTemplatedFunction(f) and
     tp = templateFunction.getTemplateArgument(remaining) and
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ private string getTypeNameWithoutClassTemplates(Function f, int n, int remaining
   remaining = 0 and
   result = getTypeNameWithoutFunctionTemplates(f, n, 0)
   or
-  exists(string mid, TemplateParameter tp, Class template |
+  exists(string mid, TypeTemplateParameter tp, Class template |
     mid = getTypeNameWithoutClassTemplates(f, n, remaining + 1) and
     isClassConstructedFrom(f.getDeclaringType(), template) and
     tp = template.getTemplateArgument(remaining) and

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/internal/QualifiedName.qll

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class Declaration extends @declaration {
       this instanceof Parameter or
       this instanceof ProxyClass or
       this instanceof LocalVariable or
-      this instanceof TemplateParameter or
+      this instanceof TypeTemplateParameter or
       this.(UserType).isLocal()
     )
   }
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ class ProxyClass extends UserType {
   ProxyClass() { usertypes(this, _, 9) }
 }
 
-class TemplateParameter extends UserType {
-  TemplateParameter() { usertypes(this, _, 7) or usertypes(this, _, 8) }
+class TypeTemplateParameter extends UserType {
+  TypeTemplateParameter() { usertypes(this, _, 7) or usertypes(this, _, 8) }
 }
 
 class TemplateClass extends UserType {

cpp/ql/src/Best Practices/Unused Entities/UnusedLocals.ql

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import cpp
  */
 class TemplateDependentType extends Type {
   TemplateDependentType() {
-    this instanceof TemplateParameter
+    this instanceof TypeTemplateParameter
     or
     exists(TemplateDependentType t |
       this.refersToDirectly(t) and

cpp/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Arithmetic/PointlessSelfComparison.qll

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ predicate nanTest(EqualityOperation cmp) {
   pointlessSelfComparison(cmp) and
   exists(Type t | t = cmp.getLeftOperand().getUnspecifiedType() |
     t instanceof FloatingPointType or
-    t instanceof TemplateParameter
+    t instanceof TypeTemplateParameter
   )
 }
 

cpp/ql/src/Likely Bugs/ReturnConstTypeCommon.qll

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import cpp
 
 private predicate mightHaveConstMethods(Type t) {
   t instanceof Class or
-  t instanceof TemplateParameter
+  t instanceof TypeTemplateParameter
 }
 
 predicate hasSuperfluousConstReturn(Function f) {

cpp/ql/src/jsf/4.13 Functions/AV Rule 114.ql

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ predicate functionsMissingReturnStmt(Function f, ControlFlowNode blame) {
   exists(Type returnType |
     returnType = f.getUnspecifiedType() and
     not returnType instanceof VoidType and
-    not returnType instanceof TemplateParameter
+    not returnType instanceof TypeTemplateParameter
   ) and
   exists(ReturnStmt s |
     f.getAPredecessor() = s and

cpp/ql/test/examples/expressions/PrintAST.expected

@@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ VacuousDestructorCall.cpp:
 #    2| [TemplateFunction,TopLevelFunction] void CallDestructor<T>(T, T*)
 #    2|   <params>: 
 #    2|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] x
-#    2|         Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#    2|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #    2|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] y
 #    2|         Type = [PointerType] T *
 #    2|   getEntryPoint(): [BlockStmt] { ... }
@@ -927,7 +927,7 @@ VacuousDestructorCall.cpp:
 #    3|             Type = [UnknownType] unknown
 #    3|             ValueCategory = prvalue
 #    3|           getChild(-1): [VariableAccess] x
-#    3|               Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#    3|               Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #    3|               ValueCategory = lvalue
 #    4|     getStmt(1): [ExprStmt] ExprStmt
 #    4|       getExpr(): [ExprCall] call to expression

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/declaration/declaration.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ union MyUnion0 {
 // Typedef
 typedef MyClass0 *MyClassPtr;
 
-// TemplateClass, TemplateParameter (UserType)
+// TemplateClass, TypeTemplateParameter (UserType)
 
 template <typename T>
 class myTemplateClass
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class MyClass1 {
 // Typedef
 typedef MyClass1 *MyClassPtr;
 
-// TemplateClass, TemplateParameter (UserType)
+// TemplateClass, TypeTemplateParameter (UserType)
 
 template <typename T>
 class myTemplateClass

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/ir/ir/PrintAST.expected

@@ -9016,9 +9016,9 @@ ir.cpp:
 #  704| [TemplateFunction,TopLevelFunction] T min<T>(T, T)
 #  704|   <params>: 
 #  704|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] x
-#  704|         Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  704|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  704|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] y
-#  704|         Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  704|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  704|   getEntryPoint(): [BlockStmt] { ... }
 #  705|     getStmt(0): [ReturnStmt] return ...
 #  705|       getExpr(): [ConditionalExpr] ... ? ... : ...
@@ -9028,16 +9028,16 @@ ir.cpp:
 #  705|             Type = [UnknownType] unknown
 #  705|             ValueCategory = prvalue
 #  705|           getLesserOperand(): [VariableAccess] x
-#  705|               Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  705|               Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  705|               ValueCategory = lvalue
 #  705|           getGreaterOperand(): [VariableAccess] y
-#  705|               Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  705|               Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  705|               ValueCategory = lvalue
 #  705|         getThen(): [VariableAccess] x
-#  705|             Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  705|             Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  705|             ValueCategory = lvalue
 #  705|         getElse(): [VariableAccess] y
-#  705|             Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  705|             Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  705|             ValueCategory = lvalue
 #  705|         getCondition().getFullyConverted(): [CStyleCast] (bool)...
 #  705|             Conversion = [BoolConversion] conversion to bool
@@ -9095,24 +9095,24 @@ ir.cpp:
 #  715| [MemberFunction,TemplateFunction] T Outer<T>::Func<U, V>(U, V)
 #  715|   <params>: 
 #  715|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] x
-#  715|         Type = [TemplateParameter] U
+#  715|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] U
 #  715|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] y
-#  715|         Type = [TemplateParameter] V
+#  715|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] V
 #  715|   getEntryPoint(): [BlockStmt] { ... }
 #  716|     getStmt(0): [ReturnStmt] return ...
 #  716|       getExpr(): [Literal] 0
-#  716|           Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  716|           Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  716|           Value = [Literal] 0
 #  716|           ValueCategory = prvalue
 #  716|       getExpr().getFullyConverted(): [TemporaryObjectExpr] temporary object
-#  716|           Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+#  716|           Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 #  716|           ValueCategory = prvalue(load)
 #  715| [MemberFunction,TemplateFunction] long Outer<long>::Func<U, V>(U, V)
 #  715|   <params>: 
 #  715|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] x
-#  715|         Type = [TemplateParameter] U
+#  715|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] U
 #  715|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] y
-#  715|         Type = [TemplateParameter] V
+#  715|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] V
 #  715| [FunctionTemplateInstantiation,MemberFunction] long Outer<long>::Func<void*, char>(void*, char)
 #  715|   <params>: 
 #  715|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] x
@@ -12559,7 +12559,7 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 1109| [Constructor] void std::vector<T>::vector(T)
 # 1109|   <params>: 
 # 1109|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] (unnamed parameter 0)
-# 1109|         Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 1109|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 1109| [Constructor] void std::vector<char>::vector(char)
 # 1109|   <params>: 
 # 1109|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] (unnamed parameter 0)
@@ -12601,15 +12601,15 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 1120| [Operator,TemplateFunction,TopLevelFunction] bool std::operator==<T>(iterator, iterator)
 # 1120|   <params>: 
 # 1120|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] left
-# 1120|         Type = [TemplateParameter] iterator
+# 1120|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] iterator
 # 1120|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] right
-# 1120|         Type = [TemplateParameter] iterator
+# 1120|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] iterator
 # 1122| [Operator,TemplateFunction,TopLevelFunction] bool std::operator!=<T>(iterator, iterator)
 # 1122|   <params>: 
 # 1122|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] left
-# 1122|         Type = [TemplateParameter] iterator
+# 1122|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] iterator
 # 1122|     getParameter(1): [Parameter] right
-# 1122|         Type = [TemplateParameter] iterator
+# 1122|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] iterator
 # 1126| [TopLevelFunction] void RangeBasedFor(std::vector<int> const&)
 # 1126|   <params>: 
 # 1126|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] v
@@ -14129,11 +14129,11 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 1375|   getEntryPoint(): [BlockStmt] { ... }
 # 1376|     getStmt(0): [ReturnStmt] return ...
 # 1376|       getExpr(): [Literal] 0
-# 1376|           Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 1376|           Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 1376|           Value = [Literal] 0
 # 1376|           ValueCategory = prvalue
 # 1376|       getExpr().getFullyConverted(): [TemporaryObjectExpr] temporary object
-# 1376|           Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 1376|           Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 1376|           ValueCategory = prvalue(load)
 # 1375| [FunctionTemplateInstantiation,TopLevelFunction] copy_constructor defaultConstruct<copy_constructor>()
 # 1375|   <params>: 
@@ -14223,7 +14223,7 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 1409| [TemplateFunction,TopLevelFunction] void acceptValue<T>(T)
 # 1409|   <params>: 
 # 1409|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] v
-# 1409|         Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 1409|         Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 1409| [FunctionTemplateInstantiation,TopLevelFunction] void acceptValue<copy_constructor>(copy_constructor)
 # 1409|   <params>: 
 # 1409|     getParameter(0): [Parameter] v
@@ -20584,7 +20584,7 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 2256|           Type = [LValueReferenceType] T &
 # 2256|           ValueCategory = prvalue(load)
 # 2256|       getExpr().getFullyConverted(): [ReferenceDereferenceExpr] (reference dereference)
-# 2256|           Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 2256|           Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 2256|           ValueCategory = lvalue
 # 2256| [FunctionTemplateInstantiation,TopLevelFunction] int& vacuous_destructor_call::get<int>(int&)
 # 2256|   <params>: 
@@ -20648,7 +20648,7 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 2260|                 Type = [LValueReferenceType] T &
 # 2260|                 ValueCategory = prvalue(load)
 # 2260|             getArgument(0).getFullyConverted(): [ReferenceDereferenceExpr] (reference dereference)
-# 2260|                 Type = [TemplateParameter] T
+# 2260|                 Type = [TypeTemplateParameter] T
 # 2260|                 ValueCategory = lvalue
 # 2261|     getStmt(1): [ReturnStmt] return ...
 # 2259| [FunctionTemplateInstantiation,TopLevelFunction] void vacuous_destructor_call::call_destructor<int>(int&)

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/proxy_class/locations.expected

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 | proxy_class.cpp:1:8:1:11 | Base | Struct |
 | proxy_class.cpp:3:20:3:20 | T | ProxyClass |
-| proxy_class.cpp:3:20:3:20 | T | TemplateParameter |
+| proxy_class.cpp:3:20:3:20 | T | TypeTemplateParameter |
 | proxy_class.cpp:4:8:4:14 | Derived<Base> | Struct |

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/proxy_class/locations.ql

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import cpp
 string clazz(Declaration d) {
   d instanceof ProxyClass and result = "ProxyClass"
   or
-  d instanceof TemplateParameter and result = "TemplateParameter"
+  d instanceof TypeTemplateParameter and result = "TypeTemplateParameter"
   or
   d instanceof Struct and result = "Struct"
 }