[core] Introduce AsyncPositionOutputStream

docs/layouts/shortcodes/generated/core_configuration.html

@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@
         </tr>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
+        <tr>
+            <td><h5>async-file-write</h5></td>
+            <td style="word-wrap: break-word;">true</td>
+            <td>Boolean</td>
+            <td>Whether to enable asynchronous IO writing when writing files.</td>
+        </tr>
         <tr>
             <td><h5>auto-create</h5></td>
             <td style="word-wrap: break-word;">false</td>

paimon-common/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/CoreOptions.java

@@ -1283,6 +1283,13 @@ public class CoreOptions implements Serializable {
                             "When a batch job queries from a table, if a partition does not exist in the current branch, "
                                     + "the reader will try to get this partition from this fallback branch.");
 
+    public static final ConfigOption<Boolean> ASYNC_FILE_WRITE =
+            key("async-file-write")
+                    .booleanType()
+                    .defaultValue(true)
+                    .withDescription(
+                            "Whether to enable asynchronous IO writing when writing files.");
+
     private final Options options;
 
     public CoreOptions(Map<String, String> options) {
@@ -2020,6 +2027,10 @@ public boolean prepareCommitWaitCompaction() {
         return options.get(LOOKUP_WAIT);
     }
 
+    public boolean asyncFileWrite() {
+        return options.get(ASYNC_FILE_WRITE);
+    }
+
     public boolean metadataIcebergCompatible() {
         return options.get(METADATA_ICEBERG_COMPATIBLE);
     }

paimon-common/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/fs/AsyncPositionOutputStream.java

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.paimon.fs;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+import static org.apache.paimon.utils.ThreadUtils.newDaemonThreadFactory;
+
+/** A {@link PositionOutputStream} which uses a async thread to write data. */
+public class AsyncPositionOutputStream extends PositionOutputStream {
+
+    public static final ExecutorService EXECUTOR_SERVICE =
+            Executors.newCachedThreadPool(newDaemonThreadFactory("AsyncOutputStream"));
+    public static final int AWAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10;
+
+    private final PositionOutputStream out;
+    private final LinkedBlockingQueue<AsyncEvent> eventQueue;
+    private final AtomicReference<Throwable> exception;
+    private final Future<?> future;
+
+    private volatile boolean isClosed;
+    private long position;
+
+    public AsyncPositionOutputStream(PositionOutputStream out) {
+        this.out = out;
+        this.eventQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
+        this.exception = new AtomicReference<>();
+        this.isClosed = false;
+        this.position = 0;
+        this.future = EXECUTOR_SERVICE.submit(this::execute);
+    }
+
+    private void execute() {
+        try {
+            doWork();
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            exception.set(e);
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doWork() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
+        try {
+            while (!isClosed) {
+                AsyncEvent event = eventQueue.poll(AWAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+                if (event == null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (event instanceof EndEvent) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (event instanceof DataEvent) {
+                    DataEvent dataEvent = (DataEvent) event;
+                    out.write(dataEvent.data);
+                }
+                if (event instanceof FlushEvent) {
+                    out.flush();
+                    ((FlushEvent) event).latch.countDown();
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            out.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public long getPos() throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        return position;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void write(int b) throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        position++;
+        putEvent(new DataEvent(new byte[] {(byte) b}, 0, 1));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void write(byte[] b) throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        position += b.length;
+        putEvent(new DataEvent(b, 0, b.length));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        position += len;
+        putEvent(new DataEvent(b, off, len));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void flush() throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        FlushEvent event = new FlushEvent();
+        putEvent(event);
+        while (true) {
+            try {
+                boolean await = event.latch.await(AWAIT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+                if (await) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                checkException();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        checkException();
+        putEvent(new EndEvent());
+        try {
+            this.future.get();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } finally {
+            isClosed = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void putEvent(AsyncEvent event) {
+        try {
+            eventQueue.put(event);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void checkException() throws IOException {
+        Throwable throwable = exception.get();
+        if (throwable != null) {
+            if (throwable instanceof IOException) {
+                throw (IOException) throwable;
+            }
+            throw new IOException(throwable);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private interface AsyncEvent {}
+
+    private static class DataEvent implements AsyncEvent {
+
+        private final byte[] data;
+
+        public DataEvent(byte[] input, int offset, int length) {
+            byte[] data = new byte[length];
+            System.arraycopy(input, offset, data, 0, length);
+            this.data = data;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class FlushEvent implements AsyncEvent {
+        private final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+    }
+
+    private static class EndEvent implements AsyncEvent {}
+}