An HTML Node Tree toolkit.
A Python 2 and 3 library for creating HTML Node Tree objects. While similar to ElementTree
in some respects, it is specifically designed from the ground up for HTML and does not
follow many of ElementTree's XML specific patterns. For example, all text is represented
as child nodes, rather than special text and tail attributes of Element nodes.
This is a much more natural way of working with HTML as text and elements are more likely
to be interspersed within an element. That said, it is not a Python implementation of
JavaScript's DOM, nor is it trying to be.
To install HTMLTree run the following command:
pip install https://github.com/waylan/HTMLTree/archive/master.zip
Note that this is currently alpha software and not yet hosted on PyPI. As such, the above command downloads the source code from GitHub. Upon a stable release, the package will become available from PyPI.
To create a node tree, simply start by creating the parent element as an Element
instance:
>>> from htree import Element
>>> p = Element('p', id='awesome')
Then add some children. First a text node:
>>> from htree import Text
>>> ptext = Text('This is ')
>>> p.append(ptext)
And then some child Elements:
>>> em = Element('em')
>>> em.append(Text('really '))
>>> strong = Element('strong')
>>> strong.append(Text(awesome))
>>> em.append(strong)
>>> p.append(em)
>>> p.append(Text('!')
Let's see what that looks like when serialized to a string:
>>> p.to_string() '<p id="awesome">This is <em>really <strong>awesome</strong></em>!</p>\n`
You can serialize any node within the tree:
>>> strong.to_string() '<strong>awesome</strong>
Every Node (including Text nodes) contains a reference to its parent:
>>> strong.parent == em True >>> ptext.parent == p True
There is no special document object. However, if you would like a container
which holds multiple children, but do not want the parent to be an Element,
then create an Element with its tag set to None:
>>> container = Element(None)
>>> section1 = Element('div', id='section-1')
>>> section2 = Element('div', id='section-2')
>>> container.extend([section1, section2])
>>> container.to_string()
'<div id="section-1"></div>\n<div id="section-2"></div>\n'
Children can be accessed as nested lists. For Example, determine the number of child nodes (including text nodes) an Element has by checking its length:
>>> len(container) 2
You can iterate over the children:
>>> for child in container: >>> child.append(p.copy()) >>> >>> print(container.to_string()) <div id="section-1"> <p id="awesome">This is <em>really <strong>awesome</strong></em>!</p> </div> <div id="section-2"> <p id="awesome">This is <em>really <strong>awesome</strong></em>!</p> </div>
And children can be accessed by index:
>>> container[0] == section1 True
Obtain the attributes set on an Element with get:
>>> section1.get('id')
'section-1'
And set an element with set. Note that the attribute key is also a string so that
attributes (like "class") which use Python reserved words can be used:
>>> section1.set('class', 'special')
>>> section1.get('class')
'special foo'
As a single Element can contain multiple HTML classes, special methods are provided to add and remove HTML classes:
>>> section1.add_class('foo')
>>> section1.get('class')
'special foo'
>>> section1.remove_class('special')
>>> section1.get('class')
'foo'
- BeautifulSoup (An HTML Parser and document object toolkit)
- ElementTree (A XML Parser and Node Tree toolkit)
- lxml (XML and HTML toolkit which mostly mirrors ElementTree)
- Dominate (A Python library for creating and manipulating HTML documents using a DOM API)
- AdvancedHTMLParser (A Python clone of the JavaScript DOM API)
HTMLTree is a pure Python library with no external dependencies. It should run without issue on CPython versions 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5 as well as PyPy.
HTMLTree is licensed under the BSD License as defined in LICENSE.