Update GH Actions workflow related to deployment

The action helaili/jekyll-action is deprecated
and the repository has been archived. [1]

I described the use of `helaili/jekyll-action` GitHub Actions
in a blog post. [2]

However, I intend to update this post with the current changes.

> This repository has been archived by the owner on Jun 13, 2023.
> It is now read-only.

This is due to changes introduced by GitHub.

> GitHub has a new way to publish a static site
> to Pages using GitHub Actions.
> This means you can now build with the Jekyll command
> (or something else) and use actions to publish,
> all using regular steps.
> This removes the need for Docker based actions
> and gives you all the freedom to configure the execution environment
> (versions of Ruby, extra dependencies...),
> it is a lot faster, easier to debug and closer
> to what you can run on your local machine.

Therefore, the process now takes place in two stages: build & deploy.

The action will be triggered when the default branch is changed
or when invoked manually.

[1]: https://github.com/helaili/jekyll-action
[2]: https://torrocus.com/blog/deployment-jekyll-using-github-actions/

.github/workflows/deployment.yml

@@ -1,24 +1,58 @@
 name: deployment
 
 on:
+  # Runs on pushes targeting the default branch
   push:
-    branches:
-      - master
+    branches: [$default-branch]
+
+  # Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# Sets permissions of the GITHUB_TOKEN to allow deployment to GitHub Pages
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
+  pages: write
+
+# Allow only one concurrent deployment, skipping runs queued between the run in-progress
+# and latest queued. However, do NOT cancel in-progress runs as we want to allow
+# these production deployments to complete.
+concurrency:
+  group: "pages"
+  cancel-in-progress: false
 
 jobs:
-  github-pages:
+  # Build job
+  build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - run: git config --global --add safe.directory "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
-    - uses: actions/cache@v3
-      with:
-        path: vendor/bundle
-        key: ${{ runner.os }}-gems-${{ hashFiles('**/Gemfile.lock') }}
-        restore-keys: |
-          ${{ runner.os }}-gems-
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup Ruby
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+        with:
+          bundler-cache: true # runs 'bundle install' and caches installed gems automatically
+          cache-version: 0 # Increment this number if you need to re-download cached gems
+      - name: Setup Pages
+        id: pages
+        uses: actions/configure-pages@v3
+        with:
+          enablement: true
+      - name: Build with Jekyll
+        env:
+          JEKYLL_ENV: production
+        run: bundle exec jekyll build --baseurl "${{ steps.pages.outputs.base_path }}"
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v2
 
-    - uses: helaili/[email protected]
-      env:
-        JEKYLL_ENV: production
-        JEKYLL_PAT: ${{ secrets.JEKYLL_PAT }}
+  # Deployment job
+  deploy:
+    environment:
+      name: github-pages
+      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
+        id: deployment
+        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v2