feat: add toolkit for exporting and transforming missing block header fields

rollup/missing_header_fields/export-headers-toolkit/.gitignore

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+data/

rollup/missing_header_fields/export-headers-toolkit/Dockerfile

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+FROM golang:1.22
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY go.mod go.sum ./
+
+RUN go mod download
+
+COPY . .
+
+RUN go build -o main .
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["./main"]

rollup/missing_header_fields/export-headers-toolkit/README.md

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+# Export missing block header fields toolkit
+
+A toolkit for exporting and transforming missing block header fields of Scroll before {{upgrade_name}} TODO: replace when upgrade is clear.
+
+## Context
+We are using the [Clique consensus](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-225) in Scroll L2. Amongst others, it requires the following header fields:
+- `extraData`
+- `difficulty`
+
+However, before {{upgrade_name}}, these fields were not stored on L1/DA.
+In order for nodes to be able to reconstruct the correct block hashes when only reading data from L1, 
+we need to provide the historical values of these fields to these nodes through a separate file.
+
+This toolkit provides commands to export the missing fields, deduplicate the data and create a file 
+with the missing fields that can be used to reconstruct the correct block hashes when only reading data from L1.
+
+The toolkit provides the following commands:
+- `fetch` - Fetch missing block header fields from a running Scroll L2 node and store in a file
+- `dedup` - Deduplicate the headers file, print unique values and create a new file with the deduplicated headers 
+
+## Binary layout deduplicated missing header fields file
+The deduplicated header file binary layout is as follows:
+
+```plaintext
+<unique_vanity_count:uint8><unique_vanity_1:[32]byte>...<unique_vanity_n:[32]byte><header_1:header>...<header_n:header>
+
+Where:
+- unique_vanity_count: number of unique vanities n
+- unique_vanity_i: unique vanity i
+- header_i: block header i
+- header: 
+    <vanity_index:uint8><flags:uint8><seal:[65|85]byte>
+    - vanity_index: index of the vanity in the unique vanity list
+    - flags: bitmask, lsb first
+        - bit 0: 0 if difficulty is 2, 1 if difficulty is 1
+        - bit 1: 0 if seal length is 65, 1 if seal length is 85
+        - rest: 0
+```
+
+## How to run
+Each of the commands has its own set of flags and options. To display the help message run with `--help` flag.
+
+1. Fetch the missing block header fields from a running Scroll L2 node via RPC and store in a file (approx 40min for 5.5M blocks).
+2. Deduplicate the headers file, print unique values and create a new file with the deduplicated headers
+
+```bash
+go run main.go fetch --rpc=http://localhost:8545 --start=0 --end=100 --batch=10 --parallelism=10 --output=headers.bin --humanOutput=true
+go run main.go dedup --input=headers.bin --output=headers-dedup.bin
+```
+
+
+### With Docker
+To run the toolkit with Docker, build the Docker image and run the commands inside the container.
+
+```bash  
+docker build -t export-headers-toolkit .
+
+# depending on the Docker config maybe finding the RPC container's IP with docker inspect is necessary. Potentially host IP works: http://172.17.0.1:8545
+docker run --rm -v "$(pwd)":/app/result export-headers-toolkit fetch --rpc=<address> --start=0 --end=5422047 --batch=10000 --parallelism=10 --output=/app/result/headers.bin --humanOutput=/app/result/headers.csv
+docker run --rm -v "$(pwd)":/app/result export-headers-toolkit dedup --input=/app/result/headers.bin --output=/app/result/headers-dedup.bin 
+```
+
+
+

rollup/missing_header_fields/export-headers-toolkit/cmd/dedup.go

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+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/export-headers-toolkit/types"
+)
+
+// dedupCmd represents the dedup command
+var dedupCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "dedup",
+	Short: "Deduplicate the headers file, print unique values and create a new file with the deduplicated headers",
+	Long: `Deduplicate the headers file, print unique values and create a new file with the deduplicated headers.
+
+The binary layout of the deduplicated file is as follows:
+- 1 byte for the count of unique vanity
+- 32 bytes for each unique vanity
+- for each header:
+  - 1 byte for the index of the vanity in the unique vanity list
+  - 1 byte (bitmask, lsb first): 
+	- bit 0: 0 if difficulty is 2, 1 if difficulty is 1
+    - bit 1: 0 if seal length is 65, 1 if seal length is 85
+    - rest: 0
+  - 65 or 85 bytes for the seal`,
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		inputFile, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("input")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("Error reading output flag: %v", err)
+		}
+		outputFile, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("Error reading output flag: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		seenDifficulty, seenVanity, seenSealLen := runAnalysis(inputFile)
+		runDedup(inputFile, outputFile, seenDifficulty, seenVanity, seenSealLen)
+		runSHA256(outputFile)
+	},
+}
+
+func runSHA256(outputFile string) {
+	f, err := os.Open(outputFile)
+	defer f.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error opening file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	h := sha256.New()
+	if _, err = io.Copy(h, f); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error hashing file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Deduplicated headers written to %s with sha256 checksum: %x\n", outputFile, h.Sum(nil))
+}
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(dedupCmd)
+
+	dedupCmd.Flags().String("input", "headers.bin", "headers file")
+	dedupCmd.Flags().String("output", "headers-dedup.bin", "deduplicated, binary formatted file")
+}
+
+func runAnalysis(inputFile string) (seenDifficulty map[uint64]int, seenVanity map[[32]byte]bool, seenSealLen map[int]int) {
+	reader := newHeaderReader(inputFile)
+	defer reader.close()
+
+	// track header fields we've seen
+	seenDifficulty = make(map[uint64]int)
+	seenVanity = make(map[[32]byte]bool)
+	seenSealLen = make(map[int]int)
+
+	reader.read(func(header *types.Header) {
+		seenDifficulty[header.Difficulty]++
+		seenVanity[header.Vanity()] = true
+		seenSealLen[header.SealLen()]++
+	})
+
+	// Print distinct values and report
+	fmt.Println("--------------------------------------------------")
+	for diff, count := range seenDifficulty {
+		fmt.Printf("Difficulty %d: %d\n", diff, count)
+	}
+
+	for vanity := range seenVanity {
+		fmt.Printf("Vanity: %x\n", vanity)
+	}
+
+	for sealLen, count := range seenSealLen {
+		fmt.Printf("SealLen %d bytes: %d\n", sealLen, count)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("--------------------------------------------------")
+	fmt.Printf("Unique values seen in the headers file (last seen block: %d):\n", reader.lastHeader.Number)
+	fmt.Printf("Distinct count: Difficulty:%d, Vanity:%d, SealLen:%d\n", len(seenDifficulty), len(seenVanity), len(seenSealLen))
+	fmt.Printf("--------------------------------------------------\n\n")
+
+	return seenDifficulty, seenVanity, seenSealLen
+}
+
+func runDedup(inputFile, outputFile string, seenDifficulty map[uint64]int, seenVanity map[[32]byte]bool, seenSealLen map[int]int) {
+	reader := newHeaderReader(inputFile)
+	defer reader.close()
+
+	writer := newMissingHeaderFileWriter(outputFile, seenVanity)
+	defer writer.close()
+
+	writer.missingHeaderWriter.writeVanities()
+
+	reader.read(func(header *types.Header) {
+		writer.missingHeaderWriter.write(header)
+	})
+}
+
+type headerReader struct {
+	file       *os.File
+	reader     *bufio.Reader
+	lastHeader *types.Header
+}
+
+func newHeaderReader(inputFile string) *headerReader {
+	f, err := os.Open(inputFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Error opening input file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	h := &headerReader{
+		file:   f,
+		reader: bufio.NewReader(f),
+	}
+
+	return h
+}
+
+func (h *headerReader) read(callback func(header *types.Header)) {
+	headerSizeBytes := make([]byte, types.HeaderSizeSerialized)
+
+	for {
+		_, err := io.ReadFull(h.reader, headerSizeBytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				break
+			}
+			log.Fatalf("Error reading headerSizeBytes: %v", err)
+		}
+		headerSize := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(headerSizeBytes)
+
+		headerBytes := make([]byte, headerSize)
+		_, err = io.ReadFull(h.reader, headerBytes)
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				break
+			}
+			log.Fatalf("Error reading headerBytes: %v", err)
+		}
+		header := new(types.Header).FromBytes(headerBytes)
+
+		// sanity check: make sure headers are in order
+		if h.lastHeader != nil && header.Number != h.lastHeader.Number+1 {
+			fmt.Println("lastHeader:", h.lastHeader.String())
+			log.Fatalf("Missing block: %d, got %d instead", h.lastHeader.Number+1, header.Number)
+		}
+		h.lastHeader = header
+
+		callback(header)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *headerReader) close() {
+	h.file.Close()
+}