Merge pull request #1409 from quintel/beccus

Implement BECCUS in the ETM

Gemfile

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ gem 'ruby-progressbar'
 
 # own gems
 gem 'quintel_merit', ref: '421f3fb', github: 'quintel/merit'
-gem 'atlas',         ref: 'd5c84b5', github: 'quintel/atlas'
+gem 'atlas',         ref: 'cdb74be', github: 'quintel/atlas'
 gem 'fever',         ref: '2a91194', github: 'quintel/fever'
 gem 'refinery',      ref: '5439199', github: 'quintel/refinery'
 gem 'rubel',         ref: 'e36554a', github: 'quintel/rubel'

Gemfile.lock

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ GIT
 
 GIT
   remote: https://github.com/quintel/atlas.git
-  revision: d5c84b505494c92f816624f8b30b4b47941ff75d
-  ref: d5c84b5
+  revision: cdb74be0ed878ecfd83a98b3528c538f6aa47bec
+  ref: cdb74be
   specs:
     atlas (1.0.0)
       activemodel (>= 7)
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ GEM
       dry-validation (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.0)
     connection_pool (2.4.1)
     crass (1.0.6)
-    csv (3.2.8)
+    csv (3.3.0)
     dalli (3.2.3)
     date (3.3.4)
     debug_inspector (1.1.0)
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ GEM
     gctools (0.2.4)
     globalid (1.2.1)
       activesupport (>= 6.1)
-    gpgme (2.0.23)
+    gpgme (2.0.24)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.7)
     haml (5.2.2)
       temple (>= 0.8.0)

app/models/qernel/method_meta_data.rb

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:plant)'                               => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:plant)'                                   => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:plant)'                          => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:plant)'                  => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:plant)'        => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:plant)'     => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:plant)'                     => {},
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:node)'                           => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:node)'                               => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:node)'                      => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:node)'              => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:node)'    => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:node)' => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:node)'                 => {},
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:mw_electricity)'                           => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:mw_electricity)'                               => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:mw_electricity)'                      => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:mw_electricity)'              => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mw_electricity)'    => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mw_electricity)' => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:mw_electricity)'                 => {},
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)'                           => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)'                               => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)'                      => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)'              => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)'    => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mwh_electricity)' => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:mwh_electricity)'                 => {},
@@ -98,6 +102,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:mw_heat)'                           => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:mw_heat)'                               => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:mw_heat)'                      => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:mw_heat)'              => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mw_heat)'    => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mw_heat)' => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:mw_heat)'                 => {},
@@ -110,6 +115,7 @@ def calculation_methods
           'variable_costs_per(:mwh_heat)'                           => {},
           'fuel_costs_per(:mwh_heat)'                               => {},
           'co2_emissions_costs_per(:mwh_heat)'                      => {},
+          'captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:mwh_heat)'              => {},
           'fixed_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mwh_heat)'    => {},
           'variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(:mwh_heat)' => {},
           'total_initial_investment_per(:mwh_heat)'                 => {},

app/models/qernel/node_api/conversion.rb

@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ def co2_emissions_costs_per(unit)
         convert_to(co2_emissions_costs, unit)
       end
 
+      def captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(unit)
+        convert_to(captured_biogenic_co2_costs, unit)
+      end
+
       def variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per(unit)
         convert_to(variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs, unit)
       end

app/models/qernel/node_api/cost.rb

@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ def marginal_costs
           elsif electricity_output_conversion.zero?
             0.0
           else
-            variable_costs_per_typical_input(include_waste: false) *
+            costs = variable_costs_per_typical_input(include_waste: false)
+            (costs.negative? ? 0.0 : costs) *
               SECS_PER_HOUR / # Highlighting
               electricity_output_conversion
           end
@@ -368,7 +369,8 @@ def variable_costs_per_typical_input(include_waste: true)
         fetch(cache_key) do
           costable =
             weighted_carrier_cost_per_mj +
-            co2_emissions_costs_per_typical_input
+            co2_emissions_costs_per_typical_input +
+            captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input
 
           costable *= costable_energy_factor unless include_waste
 
@@ -417,6 +419,27 @@ def co2_emissions_costs_per_typical_input
         end
       end
 
+      # Internal: Determines the costs of captured biogenic co2 .
+      #
+      # Return the the yearly costs for captured biogenic co2 for one plant.
+      def captured_biogenic_co2_costs
+        fetch(:captured_biogenic_co2_costs) do
+          typical_input * captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Internal: Calculates the captured biogenic co2 costs per typical input (in MJ).
+      # A positive price should lead to negative costs i.e., benefits.
+      #
+      # Returns a float representing cost per MJ.
+      def captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input
+        fetch(:captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input) do
+          weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj *
+            - area.captured_biogenic_co2_price *
+            free_co2_factor
+        end
+      end
+
       # Internal: Calculates the fixed operation and maintenance costs for one plant.
       #
       # These costs are made up of fixed O&M costs for the plant.

app/models/qernel/node_api/molecule_api.rb

@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ def co2_emissions_costs_per_typical_input
         0.0
       end
 
+      # Public: The price of captured biogenic CO2 emissions by the node. Molecule nodes do not have
+      # CO2 emissions so this is always zero.
+      def captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input
+        0.0
+      end
+
       private
 
       # Molecule nodes define demand in kg (kg/year), while capacities are specified in kg/hour.

app/models/qernel/recursive_factor/weighted_carrier.rb

@@ -37,4 +37,24 @@ def weighted_carrier_co2_per_mj_factor(edge)
 
     # Else: continue traversing right.
   end
+
+  # Same as weighted_carrier_cost_per_mj but for co2 potential biogenic capture
+  def weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj
+    fetch(:weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj) do
+      recursive_factor_without_losses(:weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj_factor)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj_factor(edge)
+    return unless edge
+
+    # Carriers with no or zero intrinsic biogenic CO2 capture potential are not
+    # counted in this calculation.
+
+    if edge.carrier.potential_co2_conversion_per_mj || domestic_dead_end?
+      edge.carrier.potential_co2_conversion_per_mj
+    end
+
+    # Else: continue traversing right.
+  end
 end

app/serializers/costs_parameters_serializer.rb

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class CostsParametersSerializer
     'Capital costs (eur)', 'Depreciation costs (eur)',
     'Fixed operation and maintenance costs (eur)', 'Variable operation and maintenance costs (eur)',
     'Total investment over lifetime (eur)', 'WACC', 'Construction time (years)', 'Technical lifetime (years)',
-    'CO2 emission costs (eur)', 'Number of units'
+    'CO2 emission costs (eur)', 'Captured biogenic CO2 costs (eur)', 'Number of units'
   ]
 
   # Creates a new costs csv serializer.
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class CostsParametersSerializer
   # Returns a CostsCsvSerializer.
   def initialize(scenario)
     @graph = scenario.gql.future.graph
-    @molecule_graph = Qernel::Plugins::Molecules.new(@graph).molecule_graph
+    @molecule_graph = scenario.gql.future.molecules
     @gql = scenario.gql
   end
 
@@ -210,11 +210,12 @@ def node_rows_for_subgroup(graph, group, subgroup)
         group, # Group
         subgroup, # Subgroup
         node.key, # Key
-        format_num(node.query.total_costs_per(:node) - 
-          node.query.fuel_costs_per(:node) - node.query.co2_emissions_costs_per(:node)), # Total costs (eur)
-        format_num(node.query.capital_expenditures_excluding_ccs_per(:node) + 
+        format_num(node.query.total_costs_per(:node) -
+          node.query.fuel_costs_per(:node) - node.query.co2_emissions_costs_per(:node) -
+          node.query.captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:node)), # Total costs (eur)
+        format_num(node.query.capital_expenditures_excluding_ccs_per(:node) +
           node.query.capital_expenditures_ccs_per(:node)), # Total CAPEX (eur)
-        format_num(node.query.operating_expenses_excluding_ccs_per(:node) + 
+        format_num(node.query.operating_expenses_excluding_ccs_per(:node) +
           node.query.operating_expenses_ccs_per(:node)), # Total OPEX (eur)
         format_num(node.query.cost_of_capital_per(:node)), # 'Capital costs (eur)'
         format_num(node.query.depreciation_costs_per(:node)), # 'Depreciation costs (eur)'
@@ -226,6 +227,7 @@ def node_rows_for_subgroup(graph, group, subgroup)
         format_num(node.query.construction_time), # 'Construction time (years)'
         format_num(node.query.technical_lifetime), # 'Technical lifetime (years)'
         format_num(node.query.co2_emissions_costs_per(:node)), # CO2 emission costs (eur)
+        format_num(node.query.captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per(:node)), # Biogenic CO2 emissions costs (eur)
         format_num(node.query.number_of_units) # Number of units
       ]
     end
@@ -262,6 +264,7 @@ def query_row(group, subgroup, query, name = '')
       format_num(@query_results["#{query}_construction_time"]),
       format_num(@query_results["#{query}_technical_lifetime"]),
       nil, # CO2 emission costs (eur)
+      nil, # Biogenic CO2 emission costs (eur)
       nil # Number of units
     ]
   end
@@ -273,7 +276,7 @@ def query_row(group, subgroup, query, name = '')
   # For each base key it performs a set of queries: [{key}, {key}_capex, ...]
   # Skips queries that could not be found. Saves the results in @query_results.
   def perform_queries!
-    as_queries = queries.flat_map do |key| 
+    as_queries = queries.flat_map do |key|
       [
         Gquery.get(key),
         Gquery.get("#{key}_annualised_costs"),

db/migrate/20240321134650_rename_biomass_chp_inputs.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+require 'etengine/scenario_migration'
+
+class RenameBiomassChpInputs < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
+  include ETEngine::ScenarioMigration
+
+  KEYS = {
+    'capacity_of_energy_chp_local_wood_pellets' => 'capacity_of_energy_chp_local_wood_pellets_dispatchable',
+    'share_of_energy_chp_local_ht_wood_pellets' => 'share_of_energy_chp_local_ht_wood_pellets_dispatchable',
+    'share_of_energy_chp_local_mt_wood_pellets' => 'share_of_energy_chp_local_mt_wood_pellets_dispatchable'
+  }.freeze
+
+  def up
+    migrate_scenarios do |scenario|
+      KEYS.each do |old_key, new_key|
+        if scenario.user_values.key?(old_key)
+          scenario.user_values[new_key] = scenario.user_values.delete(old_key)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema[7.0].define(version: 2024_01_26_141138) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema[7.0].define(version: 2024_03_21_134650) do
   create_table "active_storage_attachments", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_unicode_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string "name", limit: 191, null: false
     t.string "record_type", limit: 191, null: false
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
     t.index ["scenario_id"], name: "index_heat_network_orders_on_scenario_id"
   end
 
-  create_table "households_space_heating_producer_orders", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
+  create_table "households_space_heating_producer_orders", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_unicode_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.integer "scenario_id"
     t.text "order"
     t.index ["scenario_id"], name: "index_households_space_heating_producer_orders_on_scenario_id", unique: true

spec/models/qernel/node_api/cost_spec.rb

@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ def build_slot(node, carrier, direction, conversion = 1.0)
       {
         weighted_carrier_cost_per_mj: 200,
         co2_emissions_costs_per_typical_input: 300,
+        captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input: 0,
         variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs_per_typical_input: 400
       }
     end
@@ -367,6 +368,27 @@ def build_slot(node, carrier, direction, conversion = 1.0)
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input' do
+    let(:attrs) do
+      {
+        weighted_carrier_potential_co2_per_mj: 2.0,
+        free_co2_factor: 1.0
+      }
+    end
+
+    before do
+      node.with(attrs)
+
+      allow(api).to receive(:area).and_return(
+        double(captured_biogenic_co2_price: 2.0)
+      )
+    end
+
+    it 'calculates when everything is set' do
+      expect(api.send(:captured_biogenic_co2_costs_per_typical_input)).to eq(-4.0)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#variable_operation_and_maintenance_costs' do
     it 'calculates when everything is set' do
       node.with(