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romainsacchi committed May 17, 2024
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16 changes: 15 additions & 1 deletion paper.bib
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Expand Up @@ -123,4 +123,18 @@ @article{Wernet:2016
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11367-016-1087-8},
volume = {21},
year = {2016}
}
}

@article{Volkart:2018,
author = {Volkart, Kathrin and C.L. Mutel and Panos, E.},
doi = {10.1016/j.spc.2018.07.001},
journal = {Sustainable Production and Consumption},
pages = {121-133},
title = {{Integrating life cycle assessment and energy system modelling:
Methodology and application to the world energy scenarios}},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235255091830071X?via%3Dihub},
volume = {16},
year = {2018}
}


22 changes: 15 additions & 7 deletions paper.md
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Expand Up @@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ Several studies characterize energy scenarios with LCA, including
IAM scenario outputs using a hybrid-LCA framework. There is also the work of
[@Xu:2020], who developed the ambitious EAFESA framework aiming for
bidirectional coupling between ESM and LCA. Yet, these studies focused
on specific sectors or technologies and haven't yet generalized to broader
scenarios and indicators, nor made their implementations widely available.
on specific sectors or technologies and have not yet generalized to broader
scenarios and indicators, nor have they made their implementations widely available.

To address these challenges, the open-source library `pathways` utilizes the
LCA framework `brightway` [@Mutel:2017] to systematically evaluate
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -101,14 +101,22 @@ production volume. For each technology, `pathways` retrieves the corresponding
LCI dataset by looking it up in the mapping file (2 in Figure 1). The lookup
indicates `pathways` which LCA matrices to fetch from the data package (3 in Figure 1).
The LCA matrices are loaded in `bw2calc` (the LCA calculation module of `brightway`)
and multiplied by the production volume (see 4 in Figure 1). Some post-processing
is done on the inventory matrices (e.g., Monte Carlo iterations, dealing with
double accounting, etc., see 5 in Figure 1) before the results are aggregated and saved in a
dataframe (6 in Figure 1). Impacts are broken down per technology, region, time step,
geographical origin of impact, life-cycle stage and impact assessment method.
and multiplied by the production volume (see 4 in Figure 1). Some post-processing
is done on the inventory matrices, including dealing
with double accounting. For this purpose, the original LCI database is adjusted by
zeroing out all regional energy inputs that the energy system
model accounts for and might demand during the system's life cycle,
following the same workflow presented in [@Volkart:2018] (see 5 in Figure 1).
Finally, the results are aggregated and saved in a dataframe,
where impacts are broken down per technology, region, time step,
geographical origin of impact, life-cycle stage and impact assessment
method (6 in Figure 1).

![`pathways` workflow: from data package to impact assessment.\label{fig:workflow}](assets/workflow_diagram.png)

A detailed [example notebook](https://github.com/polca/pathways/blob/main/example/example.ipynb)
is available for using `pathways` with a sample data package.

# Impact

By systematically updating and integrating LCA matrices over time, `pathways` improves the accuracy and relevance of
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