Osmosis is a command line Java application for processing Open Street Map (http://www.openstreetmap.org) data.

The tool consists of a series of pluggable components that can be chained together to perform a larger operation. For example, it has components for reading from database and from file, components for writing to database and to file, components for deriving and applying change sets to data sources, components for sorting data, etc. It has been written so that it is easy to add new features without re-writing common tasks such as file or database handling.

More information may be found on the project wiki page.
http://www.openstreetmap.org