workers: refactor stdio to improve performance

[mcollina]

While I fixed #56428, I've found that we could do quite a bit of refactoring and simplifying the sdtio in workers and remove code that is not really necessary anymore.

This PR also changes from map and forEach to use basic array operations because those can be hot paths, and therefore we can actually avoid a bottleneck.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.20%. Comparing base (f4fcf0e) to head (f0c9885).
Report is 39 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #56630      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   89.19%   89.20%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         662      662              
  Lines      191762   191904     +142     
  Branches    36907    36931      +24     
==========================================
+ Hits       171041   171192     +151     
+ Misses      13572    13556      -16     
- Partials     7149     7156       +7     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/worker.js	99.81% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
lib/internal/worker/io.js	99.19% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

... and 63 files with indirect coverage changes

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/64542/