Apply maximum block size limit during bloom compaction

[salvacorts]

What this PR does / why we need it:

This PR adds a new per-tenant limit bloom_compactor_max_block_size that adjusts the maximum size of the bloom blocks the bloom-compactor builds. By default this limit is unset so blocks can be arbitrarily big.

The block builder keeps adding series' blooms to a block until the limit is exceeded, meaning that blocks may grow beyond the configured maximum. This is needed so we avoid having tiny blocks which had space for small blooms but later a bigger blooms didn't fit.

Special notes for your reviewer:

Checklist

• Reviewed the CONTRIBUTING.md guide (required)
• Documentation added
• Tests updated
• CHANGELOG.md updated
  • If the change is worth mentioning in the release notes, add add-to-release-notes label
• Changes that require user attention or interaction to upgrade are documented in docs/sources/setup/upgrade/_index.md
• For Helm chart changes bump the Helm chart version in production/helm/loki/Chart.yaml and update production/helm/loki/CHANGELOG.md and production/helm/loki/README.md. Example PR
• If the change is deprecating or removing a configuration option, update the deprecated-config.yaml and deleted-config.yaml files respectively in the tools/deprecated-config-checker directory. Example PR

[vlad-diachenko]

looks great 👍

[chaudum]

As far as I see, the writer is only used to determine the size of the block after each population cycle.
Instead of adding the writer to the block builder, could we just use an int type that stores the current size?

[salvacorts]

To get the Size you need access to the writer. I don't think we can just have an in in the builder, how would you set that int without access to the writer?

[salvacorts]

Closing in favor of #11878