chore: [release-3.1.x] docs: Send Data Alloy page + Interactive Examp…

…les (#13664)

Co-authored-by: Jay Clifford <[email protected]>

docs/sources/send-data/alloy/_index.md

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+---
+title: Ingesting logs to Loki using Alloy
+menuTitle:  Grafana Alloy
+description: Configuring Grafana Alloy to send logs to Loki.
+weight:  250
+---
+
+
+# Ingesting logs to Loki using Alloy
+
+Grafana Alloy is a versatile observability collector that can ingest logs in various formats and send them to Loki. We recommend Alloy as the primary method for sending logs to Loki, as it provides a more robust and feature-rich solution for building a highly scalable and reliable observability pipeline.
+
+{{< figure src="/media/docs/alloy/flow-diagram-small-alloy.png" alt="Alloy flow diagram" >}}
+
+## Installing Alloy
+
+To get started with Grafana Alloy and send logs to Loki, you need to install and configure Alloy. You can follow the [Alloy documentation](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/get-started/install/) to install Alloy on your preferred platform.
+
+## Components of Alloy for logs
+
+Alloy pipelines are built using components that perform specific functions. For logs these can be broken down into three categories:
+
+- **Collector:** These components collect/receive logs from various sources. This can be scraping logs from a file, receiving logs over HTTP, gRPC or ingesting logs from a message queue.
+- **Transformer:** These components can be used to manipulate logs before they are sent to a writer. This can be used to add additional metadata, filter logs, or batch logs before sending them to a writer.
+- **Writer:** These components send logs to the desired destination. Our documentation will focus on sending logs to Loki, but Alloy supports sending logs to various destinations.
+
+### Log components in Alloy
+
+Here is a non-exhaustive list of components that can be used to build a log pipeline in Alloy. For a complete list of components, refer to the [components list](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/).
+
+| Type       | Component                                                                                           |
+|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| Collector  | [loki.source.api](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.api/)      |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.awsfirehose](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.awsfirehose/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.azure_event_hubs](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.azure_event_hubs/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.cloudflare](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.cloudflare/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.docker](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.docker/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.file](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.file/)   |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.gcplog](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.gcplog/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.gelf](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.gelf/)   |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.heroku](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.heroku/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.journal](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.journal/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.kafka](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.kafka/)  |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.kubernetes](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.kubernetes/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.kubernetes_events](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.kubernetes_events/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.podlogs](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.podlogs/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.syslog](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.syslog/) |
+| Collector  | [loki.source.windowsevent](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.source.windowsevent/) |
+| Collector  | [otelcol.receiver.loki](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/otelcol.receiver.loki/) |
+| Transformer| [loki.relabel](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.relabel/)            |
+| Transformer| [loki.process](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.process/)            |
+| Writer     | [loki.write](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/loki.write/)                |
+| Writer     | [otelcol.exporter.loki](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/otelcol.exporter.loki/) |
+| Writer     | [otelcol.exporter.logging](https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/reference/components/otelcol.exporter.logging/) |
+
+
+## Interactive Tutorials
+
+To learn more about how to configure Alloy to send logs to Loki within different scenarios, follow these interactive tutorials:
+
+- [Sending OpenTelemetry logs to Loki using Alloy]({{< relref "./examples/alloy-otel-logs" >}})
+- [Sending logs over Kafka to Loki using Alloy]({{< relref "./examples/alloy-kafka-logs" >}})
+
+