added "FIRST OR SECOND TURN "

AI Game/Tic-Tac-Toe-AI/tictactoe.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-import tkinter as tk #provides a library of basic elements of GUI widgets
-from tkinter import messagebox #provides a different set of dialogues that are used to display message boxes
-import random
+import tkinter as tk
+from tkinter import messagebox
 
 def check_winner(board, player):
     # Check rows, columns, and diagonals for a win
@@ -14,49 +13,57 @@ def check_winner(board, player):
 def is_board_full(board):
     return all(all(cell != ' ' for cell in row) for row in board)
 
-def minimax(board, depth, is_maximizing):
+# Alpha-Beta Pruning version of minimax
+def minimax(board, depth, is_maximizing, alpha, beta):
     if check_winner(board, 'X'):
         return -1
     if check_winner(board, 'O'):
         return 1
-    if is_board_full(board): #if game is full, terminate
+    if is_board_full(board):
         return 0
 
-    if is_maximizing: #recursive approach that fills board with Os
+    if is_maximizing:
         max_eval = float('-inf')
         for i in range(3):
             for j in range(3):
                 if board[i][j] == ' ':
                     board[i][j] = 'O'
-                    eval = minimax(board, depth + 1, False) #recursion
+                    eval = minimax(board, depth + 1, False, alpha, beta)
                     board[i][j] = ' '
                     max_eval = max(max_eval, eval)
+                    alpha = max(alpha, eval)
+                    if beta <= alpha:
+                        break  # Prune
         return max_eval
-    else: #recursive approach that fills board with Xs
+    else:
         min_eval = float('inf')
         for i in range(3):
             for j in range(3):
                 if board[i][j] == ' ':
                     board[i][j] = 'X'
-                    eval = minimax(board, depth + 1, True) #recursion
+                    eval = minimax(board, depth + 1, True, alpha, beta)
                     board[i][j] = ' '
                     min_eval = min(min_eval, eval)
+                    beta = min(beta, eval)
+                    if beta <= alpha:
+                        break  # Prune
         return min_eval
 
-#determines the best move for the current player and returns a tuple representing the position
+# Determine the best move for AI with move prioritization
 def best_move(board):
     best_val = float('-inf')
     best_move = None
+    # Prioritize center, then corners, then edges
+    move_order = [(1, 1), (0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 2), (2, 1)]
 
-    for i in range(3):
-        for j in range(3):
-            if board[i][j] == ' ':
-                board[i][j] = 'O'
-                move_val = minimax(board, 0, False)
-                board[i][j] = ' '
-                if move_val > best_val:
-                    best_val = move_val
-                    best_move = (i, j)
+    for i, j in move_order:
+        if board[i][j] == ' ':
+            board[i][j] = 'O'
+            move_val = minimax(board, 0, False, float('-inf'), float('inf'))
+            board[i][j] = ' '
+            if move_val > best_val:
+                best_val = move_val
+                best_move = (i, j)
 
     return best_move
 
@@ -71,11 +78,10 @@ def make_move(row, col):
             messagebox.showinfo("Tic-Tac-Toe", "It's a draw!")
             root.quit()
         else:
-            ai_move()
+            root.after(200, ai_move)  # Delay AI move slightly to improve responsiveness
     else:
         messagebox.showerror("Error", "Invalid move")
 
-#AI's turn to play
 def ai_move():
     row, col = best_move(board)
     board[row][col] = 'O'
@@ -87,12 +93,24 @@ def ai_move():
         messagebox.showinfo("Tic-Tac-Toe", "It's a draw!")
         root.quit()
 
+def player_first():
+    first_turn.set('player')
+
+def ai_first():
+    first_turn.set('ai')
+    root.after(200, ai_move)  # Slight delay to ensure smooth AI move
+
 root = tk.Tk()
 root.title("Tic-Tac-Toe")
 
+# Variable to track who goes first
+first_turn = tk.StringVar()
+first_turn.set('player')
+
 board = [[' ' for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
 buttons = []
 
+# Create the buttons for the Tic-Tac-Toe board
 for i in range(3):
     row_buttons = []
     for j in range(3):
@@ -101,4 +119,12 @@ def ai_move():
         row_buttons.append(button)
     buttons.append(row_buttons)
 
+# Create a window asking the player if they want to go first or second
+choice_window = tk.Toplevel(root)
+choice_window.title("Choose Turn")
+
+tk.Label(choice_window, text="Do you want to go first or second?", font=('normal', 14)).pack(pady=10)
+tk.Button(choice_window, text="First", command=lambda: [choice_window.destroy(), player_first()]).pack(pady=5)
+tk.Button(choice_window, text="Second", command=lambda: [choice_window.destroy(), ai_first()]).pack(pady=5)
+
 root.mainloop()