Implement type hinting for 3.11, support simple Protocols, clean up internals and document (rev2)

[autumnjolitz]

• Rename Atomic to AtomicMeta to signify that it is a metaclass

  • there’s no way to represent with type hints a “type T that is a metaclass of M” and also be able to use it as Type[T]

• Add BaseAtomic into the types produced by AtomicMeta which allows for a fast isinstance() checks and representing in a type hinter!

  • one can put on the BaseAtomic fields that actually are on the metaclass to further the type checker fiction/inability to handle metaclass representation.

• Make about.py contain a parsed version tuple using the packaging project and a pre-processing phase in setuptools

  • move the about.py-writing to a function so only the act of a attr: callable would trigger it

• Add doctests to pytest discovery

  • this ensures that code in doc strings actually works 😅

• Remove to_json everywhere except on the actual type-class instance (non-inheritable to class instances)

  • __json__ is a lot less invasive, obvious to override and won’t occupy a public variable name unlike to_json

• Enhance asjson to handle instruct's exception types

• Add __json__ outputs for TypeError, ValueError respectively

• the result type object of parse_typedef(List[Union[str, int]]) -> Type[List[Union[str, int]]] now can be instantiated and it will attempt to best effort intercept incorrect types (i.e. when appending a value to a List[T] or setting a key on a Mapping).

  • TODO: check Set[Union[int, str]]for.add`

• parse_typedef(Literal[1,2]) returns a single type now 😌 (used to be each literal value had its own unique types 😰)

• SimpleBase._create_invalid_type now extends the list of allowed types in the error message for Literal[…] values

• TODO: allow parse_typedef to work on a class that inherits Protocol

  • use the annotations to verify attribute types
  • If an annotation has a corresponding value, check equality
  • iterate through functions, ensure that an attribute that is callable with that signature (if possible)