Remove typing module

[ChristianGeng]

Purpose

While removing support for Python 3.8 elseqhere, which has reached its end-of-life, typing is refactored. While audpsychometric does not support Python 3.8, it still uses the typing module for type hinting which is getting uncommon with more recent python versions e.g. list[str] for type hinting instead of typing.List[str]. I also removed occurrences of typing.Union in favor of using |. typing.Any is becoming object which is the highest type in Python's type hierarchy.

[sourcery-ai]

Reviewer's Guide by Sourcery

This pull request removes the typing module and updates type hints to use more modern Python syntax. The changes are primarily focused on improving type annotations and removing support for Python 3.8, which has reached its end-of-life.

Updated class diagram for type hinting changes

classDiagram
    class GoldStandard {
        +agreement_categorical(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) float | np.ndarray
        +agreement_numerical(ratings: Sequence, minimum: float, maximum: float, axis: int) float | np.ndarray
        +evaluator_weighted_estimator(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) float | np.ndarray
        +mode(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) object
        +rater_agreement(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) np.ndarray
        +_value_or_array(values: np.ndarray) float | np.ndarray
        +_mode(ratings: np.ndarray, remove_nan: bool) object
    }

    class Reliability {
        +cronbachs_alpha(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) tuple[float, dict]
        +congeneric_reliability(ratings: Sequence, axis: int) tuple[float, dict]
        +intra_class_correlation(ratings: Sequence, axis: int, icc_type: str, anova_method: str) tuple[float, dict]
    }

    class Datasets {
        +read_dataset(data_set_name: str) pd.DataFrame
        +list_datasets() pd.DataFrame
    }

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File-Level Changes

Change	Details	Files
Replaced typing module imports with direct type annotations	Removed typing.Sequence in favor of Sequence Replaced typing.Union[float, np.ndarray] with `float	np.ndarray</li><li>Changed typing.Anytoobject`
Updated function return type annotations	Changed typing.Union[float, np.ndarray] to `float	np.ndarray</li><li>Updated typing.Tuple[float, typing.Dict]totuple[float, dict]</li><li>Changed typing.Anytoobject`
Added return type annotation to list_datasets function	Added -> pd.DataFrame return type annotation Updated function docstring to reflect the return type	audpsychometric/core/datasets/__init__.py

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[sourcery-ai]

Hey @ChristianGeng - I've reviewed your changes and they look great!

Here's what I looked at during the review

• 🟢 General issues: all looks good
• 🟢 Security: all looks good
• 🟢 Testing: all looks good
• 🟢 Complexity: all looks good
• 🟢 Documentation: all looks good

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[hagenw]

Thanks for the updates looks all good to me. The change from typing.Any to object seems also reasonable to me. typing.Any was just telling a potential type checker to ignore it, whereas object is indeed the "highest" object in Python.

It also works in the documentation:

[hagenw]

All fine now.