chore(docker): cache packages to speed up builds

Dockerfile

@@ -1,10 +1,27 @@
-FROM rust:1.82.0-bullseye as builder
-ENV APP atBB
-WORKDIR /usr/src/$APP
+FROM rust:1.82.0-bullseye as base
+RUN cargo install sccache --version ^0.7
+RUN cargo install cargo-chef --version ^0.1
+ENV RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache SCCACHE_DIR=/sccache
+
+FROM base AS planner
+WORKDIR /app
 COPY . .
-RUN cargo install --path .
+RUN  --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
+     --mount=type=cache,target=$SCCACHE_DIR,sharing=locked \
+    cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
+
+FROM base AS builder
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY --from=planner /app/recipe.json recipe.json
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=$SCCACHE_DIR,sharing=locked \
+    cargo chef cook --release --recipe-path recipe.json
+COPY . .
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=$SCCACHE_DIR,sharing=locked \
+    cargo install --path .
 
 FROM debian:bullseye-slim
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ca-certificates && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY --from=builder /usr/local/cargo/bin/$APP /usr/local/bin/$APP
+COPY --from=builder /usr/local/cargo/bin/atBB /usr/local/bin/atBB
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/atBB" ]