branch-3.0: [fix](iceberg) Fill in the detailed error information #45415

[github-actions]

Cherry-picked from #45415

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
Don't know what should be done next? See How to process your PR.

Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[hello-stephen]

run buildall

[doris-robot]

TPC-H: Total hot run time: 40240 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpch-tools
Tpch sf100 test result on commit 78da267905b9e2adea9aafbd925a588a2b065c9a, data reload: false

------ Round 1 ----------------------------------
q1	17588	7382	7242	7242
q2	2082	168	178	168
q3	11109	2043	1155	1155
q4	10856	783	686	686
q5	7729	2782	2726	2726
q6	240	147	144	144
q7	945	611	596	596
q8	9573	1922	1997	1922
q9	7923	6324	6365	6324
q10	6998	2270	2332	2270
q11	445	249	253	249
q12	399	208	200	200
q13	17779	2972	2989	2972
q14	253	202	211	202
q15	561	512	508	508
q16	678	609	604	604
q17	954	514	529	514
q18	7183	6464	6565	6464
q19	1482	1027	1020	1020
q20	480	200	215	200
q21	3840	3176	3101	3101
q22	1058	973	980	973
Total cold run time: 110155 ms
Total hot run time: 40240 ms

----- Round 2, with runtime_filter_mode=off -----
q1	7283	7218	7251	7218
q2	323	232	227	227
q3	2944	2851	2855	2851
q4	1997	1783	1687	1687
q5	5660	5661	5637	5637
q6	226	140	143	140
q7	2148	1765	1774	1765
q8	3300	3548	3437	3437
q9	8777	8792	8803	8792
q10	3559	3475	3489	3475
q11	591	497	495	495
q12	807	606	604	604
q13	16443	3110	3096	3096
q14	301	269	274	269
q15	581	514	526	514
q16	710	688	671	671
q17	1844	1588	1698	1588
q18	8136	7802	7647	7647
q19	4391	1438	1424	1424
q20	2057	1857	1848	1848
q21	5341	5237	5170	5170
q22	1149	1027	1011	1011
Total cold run time: 78568 ms
Total hot run time: 59566 ms

[doris-robot]

TPC-DS: Total hot run time: 195296 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpcds-tools
TPC-DS sf100 test result on commit 78da267905b9e2adea9aafbd925a588a2b065c9a, data reload: false

query1	1276	928	902	902
query2	6224	2042	2017	2017
query3	10832	4219	4238	4219
query4	66421	29019	23395	23395
query5	5756	448	445	445
query6	467	176	172	172
query7	5698	308	309	308
query8	313	229	230	229
query9	9483	2680	2662	2662
query10	538	269	262	262
query11	17850	15367	15745	15367
query12	168	100	100	100
query13	1528	428	414	414
query14	11109	7316	6944	6944
query15	214	170	182	170
query16	7535	464	463	463
query17	1392	557	556	556
query18	1941	308	310	308
query19	216	158	154	154
query20	115	107	111	107
query21	74	46	44	44
query22	4703	4607	4301	4301
query23	34552	34091	33957	33957
query24	6032	2843	2878	2843
query25	554	417	394	394
query26	708	173	168	168
query27	2025	300	297	297
query28	4414	2526	2483	2483
query29	717	474	474	474
query30	242	163	163	163
query31	1020	827	863	827
query32	68	59	64	59
query33	433	287	279	279
query34	902	494	495	494
query35	834	740	786	740
query36	1083	941	976	941
query37	125	72	83	72
query38	4090	3993	4031	3993
query39	1530	1598	1479	1479
query40	149	84	85	84
query41	50	49	47	47
query42	113	96	96	96
query43	530	491	490	490
query44	1182	798	818	798
query45	180	163	169	163
query46	1128	724	723	723
query47	2008	1934	1903	1903
query48	464	380	369	369
query49	734	375	365	365
query50	799	418	400	400
query51	7247	7129	7089	7089
query52	105	85	87	85
query53	256	179	182	179
query54	549	439	454	439
query55	73	72	69	69
query56	234	236	237	236
query57	1189	1085	1121	1085
query58	207	199	201	199
query59	3019	2836	2836	2836
query60	263	257	244	244
query61	108	104	102	102
query62	768	646	658	646
query63	209	188	198	188
query64	1917	643	626	626
query65	3271	3202	3175	3175
query66	749	293	299	293
query67	15914	15358	15459	15358
query68	4644	559	548	548
query69	435	260	243	243
query70	1163	1119	1112	1112
query71	397	248	243	243
query72	6512	3906	3832	3832
query73	749	335	334	334
query74	10154	8876	8975	8876
query75	3327	2633	2622	2622
query76	2271	996	949	949
query77	502	250	265	250
query78	10639	9746	9506	9506
query79	8074	580	591	580
query80	2006	414	408	408
query81	565	237	239	237
query82	1346	115	118	115
query83	261	148	143	143
query84	283	81	79	79
query85	1654	303	292	292
query86	463	305	290	290
query87	4346	4230	4147	4147
query88	5743	2451	2422	2422
query89	433	295	286	286
query90	2125	183	177	177
query91	174	141	144	141
query92	67	47	45	45
query93	6567	531	539	531
query94	899	283	271	271
query95	349	237	241	237
query96	628	277	276	276
query97	3342	3158	3124	3124
query98	222	198	199	198
query99	1604	1301	1293	1293
Total cold run time: 338541 ms
Total hot run time: 195296 ms