Adding exam

Exam/Solution/Description.md

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+![Telerik Academy](https://github.com/TelerikAcademy/Common/raw/master/logos/telerik-header-logo.png)
+
+# School system
+
+High-Quallity Code - Part 2 Exam, 7 October 2016
+
+Refactor and complete a school managment system.
+
+---
+
+### Application description
+
+An elite team of Indian software developers were tasked to develop a new system for the local schools. They had six months to complete this task and at the end, they were supposed to present this system to the headmasters of all the schools. The months quickly passed and the big day came but they were not ready. They probably didn't watch this [TED Talk](https://www.ted.com/talks/tim_urban_inside_the_mind_of_a_master_procrastinator?language=en). They knew they had at least three bugs in their system, even some of the code was in Hindi, but they decided to present anyways. Guess what happened - the demo failed, their system crashed several times and the two commands for creating and removing teachers were not even implemented! It was a total disaster. The headmasters were left with no choice. The new school year had already started and they needed that system, now! But first, lets give you a quick overview of the system:
+
+- **Students** have a `first name`, `last name`, `grade` and a collection of `marks`. Both names must have a length between `2` and `31` symbols long and it can consist only of characters of the latin alphabet. Each student cannot have more than `20` marks.
+- **Grades** can be between `1` and `12`.
+- **Teachers** have a `first name`, `last name` and a `subject` that they teach. Both names must have a length between `2` and `31` symbols long and it can consist only of characters of the latin alphabet. They also poses the _mighty power_ to add marks to students. Poor kids...
+- **Marks** have a `subject` and a `value` that can be between `2` and `6`.
+
+Now that you have a basic idea of the objects that were implemented by the developers, it's time to get familiar with the user interface. The program takes as input `commands` as strings. Each command consists of a `name` and a `collection of parameters`. When parsing a command, the `command parser` looks for a class that implements the `ICommand` interface and contains the `name` of the command within the name of the class (case insensitive). If the class does not implement the `ICommand` interface, it won't be detected by the reflection algorithm.
+
+- **CreateStudent _[FirstName] [LastName] [Grade]_** - Creates a new student with the provided `first name`, `last name` and `grade` and prints out a success message that contains the `full name`, `grade` and the `ID` of the created student.
+- **CreateTeacher _[FirstName] [LastName] [SubjectId]_** - Creates a new teacher with the provided `first name`, `last name` and `subject` and prints out a succes message that contains the `full name`, `subject` and the `ID` of the created teacher.
+- **RemoveStudent _[StudentId]_** - Removes a student with the provided `ID` and prints out a `success message`.
+- **RemoveTeacher _[TeacherId]_** - Removes a teacher with the provided `ID` and prints out a `success message`.
+- **StudentListMarks _[StudentId]_** - Lists the marks of a student with the provided `ID` and prints out a list of marks in the format `SUBJECT => MARKVALUE`.
+- **TeacherAddMark _[TeacherId] [StudentId] [Mark]_** - The teacher with the provided `ID` adds a mark to the student with the provided `ID` with the provided `value`.
+
+In case of any error during command execution, it should print out a descriptive `error message` containing all the necessary information. The IDs of the created objects are **persistent**, which means that if you delete one, the others do not rearrange.
+
+##### Input
+The input data comes from the console. It consists of a sequence of commands, each staying at a separate single line. The input ends by the **"End"** command.
+
+##### Output
+The output should be on the console. It should consist of the outputs from each of the commands from the input sequence.
+
+##### Constraints
+
+- The command name will always be separated by the space symbol (" ") from the parameters and each parameter will be separated by the space symbol as well.
+- Numbers will be valid 32-bit signed integer numbers.
+
+---
+
+**Hint 1:** Some variables and comments are in Hindi. Please forgive me. [https://translate.google.com/#hi/en/](https://translate.google.com/#hi/en/)
+
+**Hint 2:** The null tests are your friends. Let them run.
+
+**Hint 3:** Project > Right Click > Properties > Application
+
+---
+
+### Application requirements
+Follow the good object orientated programming and dependency inversion practices and principles. Modifying things that you are NOT allowed to modify will result in a penalty for `each violation`.
+
+#### Problem 1. Code Refactoring (35 points)
+Refactor the source code to improve its quality following the best practices introduced in the courses High-Quality Code Part 1 and Part 2. **You are NOT allowed to change the ICommand interface. (except to add documentation)** Find common refactoring problems, including:
+
+- Fix compilation errors and warnings
+- Remove redundant usings, comments and constants
+- Introduce constants, fields, properties and local variables
+- Apply better naming of classes, variables, fields, properties and parameters
+- Fix solution name and namespace names
+- Extract classes, interfaces and enumerations into appropriate namespaces
+- Remove code duplication and redundancy
+- Implement property validations and guard clauses
+- Remove middle man
+
+#### Problem 2. Unit Testing (25 points)
+Design and fully implement **unit tests for**:
+
+- **Engine class** (12 points)
+- **Teacher class** (4 points)
+- **Student class** (2 points)
+- **Mark class** (2 points)
+
+Any other code is **not required** to be tested. You should cover all `public members` (test the constructors, properties and methods). Be sure to test all major execution scenarios + all interesting border cases and special cases. You can use `VSTT`, `VSTT v2` or `NUnit`. At least one of your tests should use mocking with `JustMock` or `Moq`. **You are NOT allowed to modify System.Console's input or output streams. That would result in an Integration test. Extract providers.**
+
+#### Problem 3. Bug Fixing (12 points)
+Debug the code and find and fix the `four bugs` in it. Describe them in the provided text file `Documentation.txt`. If you cannot fix them, just describing them in the file awards you points.
+
+#### Problem 4. New Features (12 points)
+Add the following new features:
+
+- **Implement the CreateTeacher command** so that it creates a `Teacher` with the passed parameters and saves it. It should work with the syntax described above and return appropriate `success` and `error` messages.
+- **Implement the RemoveTeacher command** so that it removes the `Teacher` with the passed `ID`. It should work with the syntax described above and return appropriate `success` and `error` messages.
+
+#### Problem 5. StyleCop (6 points)
+You have been provided with a `StyleCop` ruleset and it's located in `Docs` namespace. It's configured to analyze your code each time you `Build` it. There is no need to install any additional versions of `StyleCop`. You can find all warnings in the `Error List` view. The `StyleCop` warnings have a code in the following format: `SA0000`, where the zeros are some numbers that you shouldn't care about. Find all `StyleCop` warnings and fix them. **You are NOT allowed to modify the ruleset in any way.**
+
+#### Problem 6. Code Documentation (4 points)
+Document the **interface** and **methods** of the **ICommand** interface as well as **all other interfaces you abstract**, using `XML documentation`. Any other code documentation is not required.
+
+#### Problem 7. Performance Bottleneck (6 points)
+Find the performance bottleneck and briefly describe it in the provided text file `Documentation.txt`. Fix the problem if possible. If you cannot fix it, just describing it in the file awards you points.
+
+---
+
+### Null tests
+
+You can also find them in the `Tests` folder.
+
+#### 01. Input
+
+```
+CreateStudent Pesho Peshev 11
+CreateStudent Gosho Peshev 9
+StudentListMarks 1
+```
+
+#### 01. Expected output
+
+```
+A new student with name Pesho Peshev, grade Eleventh and ID 0 was created.
+A new student with name Gosho Peshev, grade Ninth and ID 1 was created.
+This student has no marks.
+```
+
+#### 02. Input
+
+```
+CreateStudent Pesho Petrov 10
+CreateTeacher Gosho Vesheff 2
+TeacherAddMark 0 0 3
+```
+
+#### 02. Expected output
+
+```
+A new student with name Pesho Petrov, grade Tenth and ID 0 was created.
+A new teacher with name Gosho Vesheff, subject Math and ID 0 was created.
+Teacher Gosho Vesheff added mark 3 to student Pesho Petrov in Math.
+```
+
+#### 03. Input
+
+```
+CreateStudent Pesho Petrov 6
+CreateStudent Gosho Petrov 6
+CreateTeacher Gosho Vesheff 2
+TeacherAddMark 0 1 3
+```
+
+#### 03. Expected output
+
+```
+A new student with name Pesho Petrov, grade Sixth and ID 0 was created.
+A new student with name Gosho Petrov, grade Sixth and ID 1 was created.
+A new teacher with name Gosho Vesheff, subject Math and ID 0 was created.
+Teacher Gosho Vesheff added mark 3 to student Gosho Petrov in Math.
+```
+
+#### 04. Input
+
+```
+CreateStudent Pesho Petrov 6
+CreateTeacher Gosho Vesheff 2
+TeacherAddMark 0 0 3
+TeacherAddMark 0 0 2
+CreateTeacher Stamat Shop 1
+CreateStudent Gosho Petrov 6
+TeacherAddMark 1 1 5
+TeacherAddMark 1 1 4
+TeacherAddMark 1 0 3
+StudentListMarks 0
+RemoveStudent 0
+StudentListMarks 0
+StudentListMarks 1
+RemoveTeacher 1
+```
+
+#### 04. Expected output
+
+```
+A new student with name Pesho Petrov, grade Sixth and ID 0 was created.
+A new teacher with name Gosho Vesheff, subject Math and ID 0 was created.
+Teacher Gosho Vesheff added mark 3 to student Pesho Petrov in Math.
+Teacher Gosho Vesheff added mark 2 to student Pesho Petrov in Math.
+A new teacher with name Stamat Shop, subject English and ID 1 was created.
+A new student with name Gosho Petrov, grade Sixth and ID 1 was created.
+Teacher Stamat Shop added mark 5 to student Gosho Petrov in English.
+Teacher Stamat Shop added mark 4 to student Gosho Petrov in English.
+Teacher Stamat Shop added mark 3 to student Pesho Petrov in English.
+The student has these marks:
+Math => 3
+Math => 2
+English => 3
+
+Student with ID 0 was sucessfully removed.
+The given key was not present in the dictionary.
+The student has these marks:
+English => 5
+English => 4
+
+Teacher with ID 1 was sucessfully removed.
+```

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/App.config

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<configuration>
+    <startup> 
+        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.2" />
+    </startup>
+</configuration>

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/Contracts/ICommand.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents a command that can be loaded by the parser.
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface ICommand
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Executes the command with the passed parameters.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="parameters">Parameters to execute the command with.</param>
+        /// <returns>Returns execution result message.</returns>
+        string Execute(IList<string> parameters);
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/CreateStudentCommand.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Models;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Models.Enums;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class CreateStudentCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        private static int currentStudentId = 0;
+
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var firstName = parameters[0];
+            var lastName = parameters[1];
+            var grade = (Grade)int.Parse(parameters[2]);
+
+            var student = new Student(firstName, lastName, grade);
+            Engine.Students.Add(currentStudentId, student);
+
+            return $"A new student with name {firstName} {lastName}, grade {grade} and ID {currentStudentId++} was created.";
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/CreateTeacherCommand.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Models;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Models.Enums;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class CreateTeacherCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        private static int currentTeacherId = 0;
+
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var firstName = parameters[0];
+            var lastName = parameters[1];
+            var subject = (Subject)int.Parse(parameters[2]);
+
+            var teacher = new Teacher(firstName, lastName, subject);
+            Engine.Teachers.Add(currentTeacherId, teacher);
+
+            return $"A new teacher with name {firstName} {lastName}, subject {subject} and ID {currentTeacherId++} was created.";
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/RemoveStudentCommand.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class RemoveStudentCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var studentId = int.Parse(parameters[0]);
+            Engine.Students.Remove(studentId);
+            return $"Student with ID {studentId} was sucessfully removed.";
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/RemoveTeacherCommand.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class RemoveTeacherCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var teacherId = int.Parse(parameters[0]);
+
+            if (!Engine.Teachers.ContainsKey(teacherId))
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("The given key was not present in the dictionary.");
+            }
+
+            Engine.Teachers.Remove(teacherId);
+            return $"Teacher with ID {teacherId} was sucessfully removed.";
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/StudentListMarksCommand.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class StudentListMarksCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var studentId = int.Parse(parameters[0]);
+            var student = Engine.Students[studentId];
+            return student.ListMarks();
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Commands/TeacherAddMarkCommand.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands
+{
+    public class TeacherAddMarkCommand : ICommand
+    {
+        public string Execute(IList<string> parameters)
+        {
+            var teacherId = int.Parse(parameters[0]);
+            var studentId = int.Parse(parameters[1]);
+            var mark = float.Parse(parameters[2]);
+
+            var student = Engine.Students[studentId];
+            var teacher = Engine.Teachers[teacherId];
+
+            teacher.AddMark(student, mark);
+            return $"Teacher {teacher.FirstName} {teacher.LastName} added mark {mark} to student {student.FirstName} {student.LastName} in {teacher.Subject}.";
+        }
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Contracts/IParser.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+using SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Commands.Contracts;
+
+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Contracts
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Interface for a Parser provider
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface IParser
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Parses a command from string to derivable of ICommand.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="fullCommand">The command to parse.</param>
+        /// <returns>Returns new instance of the given command.</returns>
+        ICommand ParseCommand(string fullCommand);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Parses the parameters of a command.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="fullCommand">The command to parse.</param>
+        /// <returns>Returns an IList<string> collection of parameters.</returns>
+        IList<string> ParseParameters(string fullCommand);
+    }
+}

Exam/Solution/Exam/SchoolSystem.CLI/Core/Contracts/IReader.cs

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+namespace SchoolSystem.Cli.Core.Contracts
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Interface for a source Reader provider
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface IReader
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Reads data from a specific source.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>Returns the read data as string.</returns>
+        string ReadLine();
+    }
+}