solved by HussainAliHussain

app/Http/Controllers/PostController.php

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ class PostController extends Controller
 {
     public function store(Request $request)
     {
-        $request->validate(
+        $request->validate([
             // ... TASK: write validation here so that "title" field
             //           would be required and unique in the "posts" DB table
-        );
+            'title' => ['required', 'unique:posts'],
+        ]);
 
         // Saving the post
         Post::create(['title' => $request->title]);

app/Http/Controllers/ProfileController.php

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ public function update(Request $request)
             // <input name="profile[name]" ... />
             // <input name="profile[email]" ... />
             // Write validation rules, so both name and email are required
+
+            'profile' => ['required', 'array'],
+            'profile.name' => ['required'],
+            'profile.email' => ['required']
         ]);
 
         auth()->user()->update($request->profile ?? []);

app/Http/Controllers/UserController.php

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ public function update(User $user, UpdateUserRequest $request)
     {
         // TASK: change this line to not allow is_admin field to be updated
         // Update only the fields that are validated in UpdateUserRequest
-        $user->update($request->all());
+        $user->update($request->except('is_admin'));
 
         return 'Success';
     }

app/Http/Requests/StoreBuildingRequest.php

@@ -30,4 +30,11 @@ public function rules()
             'name' => 'required'
         ];
     }
+
+    public function messages()
+    {
+        return [
+            'name.required' => 'Please enter the name',
+        ];
+    }
 }

app/Http/Requests/StoreItemRequest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Requests;
+
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
+
+class StoreItemRequest extends FormRequest
+{
+    /**
+     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
+     */
+    public function authorize(): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Rule|array|string>
+     */
+    public function rules(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'name' => ['required'],
+            'description' => ['required'],
+        ];
+    }
+}

app/Rules/Uppercase.php

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Rules;
+
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule;
+
+class Uppercase implements ValidationRule
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the validation rule.
+     *
+     * @param  \Closure(string): \Illuminate\Translation\PotentiallyTranslatedString  $fail
+     */
+    public function validate(string $attribute, mixed $value, Closure $fail): void
+    {
+        // some other rules (can applied):
+        // ucfirst($value) !== $value
+        // strtoupper($value[0]) !== $value[0]
+        // strtoupper(substr($value, 0, 1)) !== substr($value, 0, 1)
+        // $value !== Str::ucfirst($value)
+        // !ctype_upper(substr($value, 0, 1))
+
+        if(preg_match('/^[^A-Z].*/', $value)) {
+            $fail("The $attribute does not start with an uppercased letter");
+        }
+    }
+}

resources/views/products/create.blade.php

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
     {{-- @directive --}}
     {{-- {{ $message }} --}}
     {{-- @endDirective --}}
+
+    @error('name')
+        {{ $message }}
+    @enderror
     <br /><br />
     <button type="submit">Save</button>
 </form>

resources/views/projects/create.blade.php

@@ -8,11 +8,17 @@
     @csrf
     Title:
     <br />
-    <input type="text" name="title" />
+    <input type="text" name="name" />
+    @error('name')
+        <span class="text-red">{{ $message }}</span>
+    @enderror
     <br /><br />
     Description:
     <br />
     <input type="text" name="description" />
+    @error('description')
+        <span class="text-red">{{ $message }}</span>
+    @enderror
     <br /><br />
     <button type="submit">Save</button>
 </form>

resources/views/teams/create.blade.php

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     Name:
     <br />
     {{-- TASK: change this field so it would contain old value after validation error --}}
-    <input type="text" name="name" />
+    <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ old('name') }}" />
     <br /><br />
     <button type="submit">Save</button>
 </form>