solve #2 by throwing in random lifetimes 💀

src/hittable.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,25 @@
-use crate::{interval::Interval, material::EMaterial, ray::Ray, vec3::{dot, Point3, Vec3}};
+use crate::{interval::Interval, material::{DefaultMaterial, Material}, ray::Ray, vec3::{dot, Point3, Vec3}};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Default)]
-pub struct HitRecord {
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct HitRecord<'a> {
 	pub p: Point3,
 	pub normal: Vec3,
-	pub mat: Box<EMaterial>,
+	pub mat: &'a (dyn Material),
 	pub t: f64,
 	pub front_face: bool,
 }
-impl HitRecord {
+impl<'a> Default for HitRecord<'a> {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self { p: Default::default(), normal: Default::default(), mat: &DefaultMaterial, t: Default::default(), front_face: Default::default() }
+	}
+}
+impl<'a> HitRecord<'a> {
 	pub fn set_face_normal(&mut self, r: &Ray, outward_normal: &Vec3) {
 		self.front_face = dot(*r.dir(), *outward_normal) < 0.0;
 		self.normal = if self.front_face {*outward_normal} else {-*outward_normal}
 	}
 }
 
-pub trait Hittable {
-	fn hit(&self, r: &Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord) -> bool;
+pub trait Hittable<'a> {
+	fn hit(&self, r: &Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord<'a>) -> bool;
 }

src/hittable_list.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 use crate::{hittable::{HitRecord, Hittable}, interval::Interval};
 
 pub struct HittableList<'a> {
-	objects: Vec<&'a dyn Hittable>,
+	objects: Vec<&'a dyn Hittable<'a>>,
 }
 impl<'a> HittableList<'a> {
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
 		HittableList{objects: Vec::new()}
 	}
-	pub fn add(&mut self, object: &'a dyn Hittable) {
+	pub fn add(&mut self, object: &'a dyn Hittable<'a>) {
 		self.objects.push(object);
 	}
 }
-impl<'a> Hittable for HittableList<'a> {
-	fn hit(&self, r: &crate::ray::Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord) -> bool {
+impl<'a> Hittable<'a> for HittableList<'a> {
+	fn hit(&self, r: &crate::ray::Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord<'a>) -> bool {
 		let mut temp_rec = HitRecord::default();
 		let mut hit_anything = false;
 		let mut closest_so_far = ray_t.max;

src/main.rs

@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ mod camera;
 mod material;
 
 fn main() {
-    let ground = material::EMaterial::Lambertian(Lambertian {albedo: Color::new(0.8,0.8,0.0)});
-    let center = material::EMaterial::Lambertian(Lambertian {albedo: Color::new(0.1, 0.2, 0.5)});
-    let left = material::EMaterial::Metal(Metal {albedo: Color::new(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)});
-    let right = material::EMaterial::Metal(Metal {albedo: Color::new(0.8, 0.6, 0.2)});
+    let ground = Lambertian {albedo: Color::new(0.8,0.8,0.0)};
+    let center = Lambertian {albedo: Color::new(0.1, 0.2, 0.5)};
+    let left = Metal {albedo: Color::new(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)};
+    let right = Metal {albedo: Color::new(0.8, 0.6, 0.2)};
 
     let mut world = HittableList::new();
 
-    let ground = Sphere::new(Point3::new(0.0, -100.5, -1.0), 100.0, Box::new(ground));
-    let center = Sphere::new(Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, -1.2), 0.5, Box::new(center));
-    let left = Sphere::new(Point3::new(-1.0, 0.0, -1.0), 0.5, Box::new(left));
-    let right = Sphere::new(Point3::new(1.0, 0.0, -1.0), 0.5, Box::new(right));
+    let ground = Sphere::new(Point3::new(0.0, -100.5, -1.0), 100.0, &ground);
+    let center = Sphere::new(Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, -1.2), 0.5, &center);
+    let left = Sphere::new(Point3::new(-1.0, 0.0, -1.0), 0.5, &left);
+    let right = Sphere::new(Point3::new(1.0, 0.0, -1.0), 0.5, &right);
 
     world.add(&ground);
     world.add(&center);

src/material.rs

@@ -1,27 +1,15 @@
 use crate::{color::Color, hittable::HitRecord, ray::Ray, vec3::{random_unit_vector, reflect}};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
-pub enum EMaterial {
-	Lambertian(Lambertian),
-	Metal(Metal),
-	#[default]
-	DefaultMaterial
-}
-
-impl Material for EMaterial {
-    fn scatter(&self, r_in: &Ray, rec: &HitRecord, attenuation: &mut Color, scattered: &mut Ray) -> bool {
-        match self {
-            EMaterial::Lambertian(mat) => mat.scatter(r_in, rec, attenuation, scattered),
-            EMaterial::Metal(mat) => mat.scatter(r_in, rec, attenuation, scattered),
-            EMaterial::DefaultMaterial => false,
-			// Implement scatter method for other variants
-        }
-    }
-}
 pub trait Material {
 	fn scatter(&self, r_in: &Ray, rec: &HitRecord, attenuation: &mut Color, scattered: &mut Ray) -> bool;
 }
-#[derive(Default, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct DefaultMaterial;
+impl Material for DefaultMaterial {
+	fn scatter(&self, r_in: &Ray, rec: &HitRecord, attenuation: &mut Color, scattered: &mut Ray) -> bool {
+		false
+	}
+}
+
 pub struct Lambertian { pub albedo: Color }
 impl Material for Lambertian {
 	fn scatter(&self, _r_in: &Ray, rec: &HitRecord, attenuation: &mut Color, scattered: &mut Ray) -> bool {
@@ -38,7 +26,6 @@ impl Material for Lambertian {
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Default, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct Metal { pub albedo: Color }
 impl Material for Metal {
 	fn scatter(&self, r_in: &Ray, rec: &HitRecord, attenuation: &mut Color, scattered: &mut Ray) -> bool {

src/sphere.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-use crate::{hittable::{HitRecord, Hittable}, interval::Interval, material::EMaterial, vec3::{dot, Point3}};
+use crate::{hittable::{HitRecord, Hittable}, interval::Interval, material::Material, vec3::{dot, Point3}};
 
-pub struct Sphere {
+pub struct Sphere<'a> {
 	center: Point3,
 	radius: f64,
-	mat: Box<EMaterial>
+	mat: &'a dyn Material,
 }
-impl Sphere {
-	pub fn new(center: Point3, radius: f64, mat: Box<EMaterial>) -> Self {
+impl<'a> Sphere<'a> {
+	pub fn new(center: Point3, radius: f64, mat: &'a dyn Material) -> Self {
 		Sphere {center, radius, mat}
 	}
 }
-impl Hittable for Sphere {
-	fn hit(&self, r: &crate::ray::Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord) -> bool {
+impl<'a> Hittable<'a> for Sphere<'a> {
+	fn hit(&self, r: &crate::ray::Ray, ray_t: Interval, rec: &mut HitRecord<'a>) -> bool {
 		let oc = self.center - *r.origin();
 		let a = r.dir().length_squared();
 		let h = dot(*r.dir(), oc);