PyWinModal

• PyWinModal
  • Installation
  • Quick start
    • TL;DR
  • Extending functionality
  • Provided extensions
  • Limitations and known issues

PyWinModal is an application inspired by Spacemacs and vim-which-key/which-key.nvim that allows you to bind a leader key to bring up a modal for issuing commands to Windows. For example, if you bind your leader key to Caps Lock, you could press Caps>S>G to Search Google, or Caps>G>B to Go to the Browser. The modal is customizable with a simple API and can be easily extended to execute user-defined commands.

Installation

Use Poetry to install dependencies with poetry install, then run the application with poetry run app.

Quick start

The first thing you should do is decide on a leader key with which to summon the modal. PyWinModal uses the keyboard library for monitoring key presses, so any key press valid for the keyboard library should work. The format is pretty simple: esc, tab, ctrl+f4, etc. Function keys from F13 to F24 are supported as well.

After doing that, you can configure and run the modal in the following manner:

# import the necessary packages
from PyWinModal.lib.extensions import *
from PyWinModal.lib.types import Action, Switch
from PyWinModal.lib.ui import Modal, OptionsList

# for high-dpi displays
from ctypes import windll
windll.shcore.SetProcessDpiAwareness(1)

# Create a modal object
modal = Modal(
    [ # The modal's first argument is a list of OptionsList objects
        OptionsList( # The OptionsList object is used to group options together
            "Example1", # The name of the list
            # A list of Action or Switch objects
            [
                # Actions let you bind keys to commands
                Action(
                    "tab", # The key that activates the command
                    "Go to previous window",  # The text that shows up in the modal
                    activate_last_window() # The command to execute
                ),
                # Switches let you bind a key to switch to another options list
                Switch(
                    "s", # The key to activate the switch
                    "Example2" # The list to show
                ), 
            ],
        ),
        # When the Switch is activated in the previous OptionsList, this OptionsList is shown
        OptionsList(
            "Example2",
            [
                # repeatable=True lets you issue a command multiple times without closing the modal
                Action("t", "New tab", send_keys_to_active_window("ctrl+t"), repeatable=True), 
                Action("s", "Search Google", search_web("Google", "https://www.google.com/search?q=%s")),
                Switch("b", "Example1"), # Go back to Example1
            ],
        ),
    ],
    "Example1", # The name of the default OptionsList to show
    "F24", # The key that summons the modal
)
# Run the modal
modal.run()
# A tray icon will appear in the taskbar and the modal can now be summoned by pressing the leader key

TL;DR

Add a list of Action and/or Switch objects to OptionsList objects then add a list of OptionsList objects to a Modal object and call run() on it.

• Action binds a key to a function
• Switch binds a key to another options list
• repeatable=True lets you issue a command multiple times

Extending functionality

To provide your own actions, simply add a function in PyWinModal.lib.extensions that returns another function:

def do_something():
    return lambda: print("Hello world!")

def do_something_more_complicated(arg1, arg2):
    def action():
        print(arg1, arg2)
    return action

You can now add it as an action in the modal as shown above.

Provided extensions

close_active_window() - Closes the window that was active before the modal was summoned.

activate_last_window() - Activates the previous window (like alt+tab).

open_application(application: str) - Opens the application at the full path provided.

summon_or_launch(application: str) - Takes a full path. Attempts to summon the application if it is already running, otherwise launches it.

go_to_window_by_title(title: str) - Goes to the window with the provided title. Partial matches are supported.

go_to_window_by_exe(exe: str) - Goes to the window with the provided executable name. Partial matches are not supported. If multiple windows match, the first one that is not currently active is activated.

send_keys_to_active_window(keys: str) - Sends the provided key(s) to the active window. This can be used to send any hotkeys to any application to perform actions like saving, navigation, etc. Uses the keyboard library to parse the keys argument.

send_keys_to_window_by_title(title: str, keys: str) - The same as the previous, but the window does not have to be active. Raises the window to the foreground to send the key(s) if it is not active.

search_web(title: str, url: str) - Bring up a text box to search the URL given tourl where %s is replaced with the query entered in the text box. title is the name of the search engine.

toggle_dark_mode() - Toggles the Windows dark mode setting.

lock_workstation() - Locks the workstation (same as Win+L).

empty_clipboard() - Empties the clipboard.

minimize_active_window() - Minimizes the active window.

Limitations and known issues

The modal's title bar can't be hidden as it results in inconsistent focus grabbing. This is a limitation of the GUI backend being used.