Add a feature to enable thermal power plants to burn multiple fuels

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   except for a few places such as the common term "value of lost load" which refers to non-served demand (#397).
 - `New_Build = -1` in `Generators_data.csv`: instead, use `New_Build = 0` and `Can_Retire = 0`.
 
-
 ## [0.3.6] - 2023-08-01
 
 ### Fixed

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/CO2_cap.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+,Network_zones,CO_2_Cap_Zone_1,CO_2_Max_tons_MWh_1,CO_2_Max_Mtons_1
+NE,z1,1,0.05,0.018

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Capacity_reserve_margin.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+,Network_zones,CapRes_1
+NE,z1,0.156

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Demand_data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Voll,Demand_Segment,Cost_of_Demand_Curtailment_per_MW,Max_Demand_Curtailment,Rep_Periods,Timesteps_per_Rep_Period,Sub_Weights,Time_Index,Demand_MW_z1
+50000,1,1,1,1,24,8760,1,11162
+,,,,,,,2,10556
+,,,,,,,3,10105
+,,,,,,,4,9878
+,,,,,,,5,9843
+,,,,,,,6,10017
+,,,,,,,7,10390
+,,,,,,,8,10727
+,,,,,,,9,11298
+,,,,,,,10,11859
+,,,,,,,11,12196
+,,,,,,,12,12321
+,,,,,,,13,12381
+,,,,,,,14,12270
+,,,,,,,15,12149
+,,,,,,,16,12219
+,,,,,,,17,13410
+,,,,,,,18,14539
+,,,,,,,19,14454
+,,,,,,,20,14012
+,,,,,,,21,13494
+,,,,,,,22,12772
+,,,,,,,23,11877
+,,,,,,,24,10874

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Energy_share_requirement.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+,Network_zones,ESR_1,ESR_2
+NE,z1,0.259,0.348

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Fuels_data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+Time_Index,NG,None,H2
+0,0.05306,0,0
+1,5.28,0,16
+2,5.28,0,16
+3,5.28,0,16
+4,5.28,0,16
+5,5.28,0,16
+6,5.28,0,16
+7,5.28,0,16
+8,5.28,0,16
+9,5.28,0,16
+10,5.28,0,16
+11,5.28,0,16
+12,5.28,0,16
+13,5.28,0,16
+14,5.28,0,16
+15,5.28,0,16
+16,5.28,0,16
+17,5.28,0,16
+18,5.28,0,16
+19,5.28,0,16
+20,5.28,0,16
+21,5.28,0,16
+22,5.28,0,16
+23,5.28,0,16
+24,5.28,0,16

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Generators_data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Resource,Zone,THERM,MUST_RUN,STOR,FLEX,HYDRO,VRE,LDS,Num_VRE_Bins,MULTI_FUELS,New_Build,Can_Retire,Existing_Cap_MW,Existing_Cap_MWh,Existing_Charge_Cap_MW,Max_Cap_MW,Max_Cap_MWh,Max_Charge_Cap_MW,Min_Cap_MW,Min_Cap_MWh,Min_Charge_Cap_MW,Inv_Cost_per_MWyr,Inv_Cost_per_MWhyr,Inv_Cost_Charge_per_MWyr,Fixed_OM_Cost_per_MWyr,Fixed_OM_Cost_per_MWhyr,Fixed_OM_Cost_Charge_per_MWyr,Var_OM_Cost_per_MWh,Var_OM_Cost_per_MWh_In,Heat_Rate_MMBTU_per_MWh,Fuel,Cap_Size,Start_Cost_per_MW,Start_Fuel_MMBTU_per_MW,Up_Time,Down_Time,Ramp_Up_Percentage,Ramp_Dn_Percentage,Hydro_Energy_to_Power_Ratio,Min_Power,Self_Disch,Eff_Up,Eff_Down,Min_Duration,Max_Duration,Max_Flexible_Demand_Advance,Max_Flexible_Demand_Delay,Flexible_Demand_Energy_Eff,Reg_Max,Rsv_Max,Reg_Cost,Rsv_Cost,MaxCapTag_1,MaxCapTag_2,MaxCapTag_3,MinCapTag_1,MinCapTag_2,MinCapTag_3,MGA,Resource_Type,CapRes_1,ESR_1,ESR_2,region,cluster,Num_Fuels,Fuel1,Heat_Rate1_MMBTU_per_MWh,Fuel1_Min_Cofire_Level,Fuel1_Max_Cofire_Level,Fuel1_Min_Cofire_Level_Start,Fuel1_Max_Cofire_Level_Start,Fuel2,Heat_Rate2_MMBTU_per_MWh,Fuel2_Min_Cofire_Level,Fuel2_Max_Cofire_Level,Fuel2_Min_Cofire_Level_Start,Fuel2_Max_Cofire_Level_Start
+natural_gas_combined_cycle,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,65400,0,0,10287,0,0,3.55,0,7.43,NG,250,91,2,6,6,0.64,0.64,0,0.468,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0.25,0.5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,natural_gas_fired_combined_cycle,0.93,0,0,NE,1,2,NG,7.43,0,1,0,1,H2,7.43,0.05,1,0.05,1
+solar_pv,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,85300,0,0,18760,0,0,0,0,9.13,None,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,solar_photovoltaic,0.8,1,1,NE,1,1,None,0,0,0,0,0,None,0,0,0,0,1
+onshore_wind,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,97200,0,0,43205,0,0,0.1,0,9.12,None,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,onshore_wind_turbine,0.8,1,1,NE,1,1,None,0,0,0,0,1,None,0,0,0,0,1
+battery,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,-1,-1,-1,0,0,0,19584,22494,0,4895,5622,0,0.15,0.15,0,None,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0.92,0.92,1,10,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,battery_mid,0.95,0,0,NE,0,1,None,0,0,0,0,0,None,0,0,0,0,1

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Generators_variability.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Time_Index,natural_gas_combined_cycle,solar_pv,onshore_wind,battery
+1,1,0,0.889717042,1
+2,1,0,0.877715468,1
+3,1,0,0.903424203,1
+4,1,0,0.895153165,1
+5,1,0,0.757258117,1
+6,1,0,0.630928695,1
+7,1,0,0.557177782,1
+8,1,0,0.6072492,1
+9,1,0.1779,0.423417866,1
+10,1,0.429,0.007470775,1
+11,1,0.5748,0.002535942,1
+12,1,0.6484,0.002153709,1
+13,1,0.6208,0.00445132,1
+14,1,0.596,0.007711587,1
+15,1,0.5013,0.100848213,1
+16,1,0.3311,0.201802149,1
+17,1,0.0642,0.141933054,1
+18,1,0,0.567022562,1
+19,1,0,0.946024895,1
+20,1,0,0.923394203,1
+21,1,0,0.953386247,1
+22,1,0,0.929205418,1
+23,1,0,0.849528909,1
+24,1,0,0.665570974,1

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Maximum_capacity_requirement.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+MaxCapReqConstraint,ConstraintDescription,Max_MW
+1,PV,50000
+2,Wind,100000
+3,Batteries,60000

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Minimum_capacity_requirement.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+MinCapReqConstraint,ConstraintDescription,Min_MW
+1,PV,5000
+2,Wind,10000
+3,Batteries,6000

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Small New England: One Zone with resources that can use multiple fuels
+
+**SmallNewEngland** is set of a simplified versions of the more detailed example system RealSystemExample. It is condensed for easy comprehension and quick testing of different components of the GenX. **SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFules** is one of our most basic models, a 24-hour example with hourly resolution containing only one zone representing New England. The model includes only natural gas (cofiring with H2), solar PV, wind, and lithium-ion battery storage with no initial capacity. 
+
+To run the model, first navigate to the example directory at `GenX/Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels`:
+
+`cd("Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels")`
+
+Next, ensure that your settings in `GenX_settings.yml` are correct. The default settings use the solver HiGHS (`Solver: HiGHS`). Other optional policies include minimum capacity requirements, a capacity reserve margin, and more. 
+
+Once the settings are confirmed, run the model with the `Run.jl` script in the example directory:
+
+`include("Run.jl")`
+
+Once the model has completed, results will write to the `Results` directory.

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Reserves.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Reg_Req_Percent_Demand,Reg_Req_Percent_VRE,Rsv_Req_Percent_Demand,Rsv_Req_Percent_VRE,Unmet_Rsv_Penalty_Dollar_per_MW,Dynamic_Contingency,Static_Contingency_MW
+0.01,0.0032,0.033,0.0795,1000,0,0

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Run.jl

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+using GenX
+
+run_genx_case!(dirname(@__FILE__))

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Settings/cplex_settings.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# CPLEX Solver Parameters
+Feasib_Tol: 1.0e-05 # Constraint (primal) feasibility tolerances.
+Optimal_Tol: 1e-5 # Dual feasibility tolerances.
+Pre_Solve: 1 # Controls presolve level.
+TimeLimit: 110000 # Limits total time solver.
+MIPGap: 1e-3 # Relative (p.u. of optimal) mixed integer optimality tolerance for MIP problems (ignored otherwise).
+Method: 2 # Algorithm used to solve continuous models (including MIP root relaxation).
+BarConvTol: 1.0e-08 # Barrier convergence tolerance (determines when barrier terminates).
+NumericFocus: 0 # Numerical precision emphasis.
+SolutionType: 2 # Solution type for LP or QP.

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Settings/genx_settings.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+OverwriteResults: 0 # Overwrite existing results in output folder or create a new one; 0 = create new folder; 1 = overwrite existing results
+PrintModel: 0 # Write the model formulation as an output; 0 = active; 1 = not active
+NetworkExpansion: 0 # Transmission network expansionl; 0 = not active; 1 = active systemwide
+Trans_Loss_Segments: 1 # Number of segments used in piecewise linear approximation of transmission losses; 1 = linear, >2 = piecewise quadratic
+Reserves: 0 # Regulation (primary) and operating (secondary) reserves; 0 = not active, 1 = active systemwide
+EnergyShareRequirement: 1 # Minimum qualifying renewables penetration; 0 = not active; 1 = active systemwide
+CapacityReserveMargin: 1 # Number of capacity reserve margin constraints; 0 = not active; 1 = active systemwide
+CO2Cap: 0 # CO2 emissions cap; 0 = not active (no CO2 emission limit); 1 = mass-based emission limit constraint; 2 = demand + rate-based emission limit constraint; 3 = generation + rate-based emission limit constraint
+StorageLosses: 1 # Energy Share Requirement and CO2 constraints account for energy lost; 0 = not active (DO NOT account for energy lost); 1 = active systemwide (DO account for energy lost)
+MinCapReq: 1  # Activate minimum technology carveout constraints; 0 = not active; 1 = active
+MaxCapReq: 1  # Activate maximum technology carveout constraints; 0 = not active; 1 = active
+ParameterScale: 1 # Turn on parameter scaling wherein load, capacity and power variables are defined in GW rather than MW. 0 = not active; 1 = active systemwide
+WriteShadowPrices: 1 # Write shadow prices of LP or relaxed MILP; 0 = not active; 1 = active
+UCommit: 2 # Unit committment of thermal power plants; 0 = not active; 1 = active using integer clestering; 2 = active using linearized clustering
+TimeDomainReductionFolder: "TDR_Results" # Directory name where results from time domain reduction will be saved. If results already exist here, these will be used without running time domain reduction script again.
+TimeDomainReduction: 0 # Time domain reduce (i.e. cluster) inputs based on Demand_data.csv, Generators_variability.csv, and Fuels_data.csv; 0 = not active (use input data as provided); 0 = active (cluster input data, or use data that has already been clustered)
+ModelingToGenerateAlternatives: 0 # Modeling to generate alternatives; 0 = not active; 1 = active. Note: produces a single solution as output
+ModelingtoGenerateAlternativeSlack: 0.1 # Slack value as a fraction of least-cost objective in budget constraint used for evaluating alternative model solutions; positive float value
+ModelingToGenerateAlternativeIterations: 3 # Number of MGA iterations with maximization and minimization objective
+MethodofMorris: 0 #Flag for turning on the Method of Morris analysis

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Settings/gurobi_settings.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Gurobi Solver Parameters
+# Common solver settings
+Feasib_Tol: 1.0e-05           # Constraint (primal) feasibility tolerances.
+Optimal_Tol: 1e-5             # Dual feasibility tolerances.
+TimeLimit: 110000             # Limits total time solver.
+Pre_Solve: 1                  # Controls presolve level.
+Method: 2                  # Algorithm used to solve continuous models (including MIP root relaxation).
+
+#Gurobi-specific solver settings
+MIPGap: 1e-3                  # Relative (p.u. of optimal) mixed integer optimality tolerance for MIP problems (ignored otherwise).
+BarConvTol: 1.0e-08           # Barrier convergence tolerance (determines when barrier terminates).
+NumericFocus: 0               # Numerical precision emphasis.
+Crossover: 0                # Barrier crossver strategy.
+PreDual: 0                    # Decides whether presolve should pass the primal or dual linear programming problem to the LP optimization algorithm.
+AggFill: 10                   # Allowed fill during presolve aggregation.

Example_Systems/SmallNewEngland/OneZone_MultiFuels/Settings/highs_settings.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# HiGHS Solver Parameters
+# Common solver settings
+Feasib_Tol: 1.0e-05        # Primal feasibility tolerance # [type: double, advanced: false, range: [1e-10, inf], default: 1e-07]
+Optimal_Tol: 1.0e-05       # Dual feasibility tolerance # [type: double, advanced: false, range: [1e-10, inf], default: 1e-07]
+TimeLimit: 1.0e23             # Time limit # [type: double, advanced: false, range: [0, inf], default: inf]
+Pre_Solve: choose          # Presolve option: "off", "choose" or "on" # [type: string, advanced: false, default: "choose"]
+Method: choose             #HiGHS-specific solver settings # Solver option: "simplex", "choose" or "ipm" # [type: string, advanced: false, default: "choose"]
+
+#highs-specific solver settings
+
+# run the crossover routine for ipx
+# [type: string, advanced: "on", range: {"off", "on"}, default: "off"]
+run_crossover: "on"

docs/src/data_documentation.md

@@ -766,6 +766,32 @@ This file contains the time-series of capacity factors / availability of the win
 
 • Second column onwards: Resources are listed from the second column onward with headers matching each resource name in the `Generators_data.csv` and `Vre_and_stor_data.csv` files in any order. The availability for each resource at each time step is defined as a fraction of installed capacity and should be between 0 and 1. Note that for this reason, resource names specified in `Generators_data.csv` and `Vre_and_stor_data.csv` must be unique. 
 
+#### 2.2.12 Settings-specific columns in the Generators\_data.csv to use multi fuels
+
+This file contains additional setting and performance parameters for specifically thermal resources that use multiple fuels.
+These variables must be explicitly listed in the `Generators_data.csv`.
+
+###### Table 17: Settings-specific columns in the Generators\_data.csv file to use multi fuels
+|**Column Name** | **Description**|
+| :------------ | :-----------|
+|**Technology type flags**|
+|MULTI_FUELS | {0, 1}, Flag to indicate membership in set of thermal resources that can burn multiple fuels at the same time (e.g., natural gas combined cycle cofiring with hydrogen, coal power plant cofiring with natural gas.|
+||MULTI_FUELS = 0: Not part of set (default) |
+||MULTI_FUELS = 1: Resources that can use fuel blending. |
+|**Technical performance parameters**|
+|Num\_Fuels  |Number of fuels that a multi-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) can use at the same time. The length of ['Fuel1', 'Fuel2', ...] should be equal to 'Num\_Fuels'. Each fuel will requires its corresponding heat rate, min cofire level, and max cofire level. |
+|Fuel1  |Frist fuel needed for a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1). The names should match with the ones in the `Fuels_data.csv`. |
+|Fuel2  |Second fuel needed for a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1). The names should match with the ones in the `Fuels_data.csv`. |
+|Heat1\_Rate\_MMBTU\_per\_MWh  |Heat rate of a multi-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) for Fuel1. |
+|Heat2\_Rate\_MMBTU\_per\_MWh  |Heat rate of a multi-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) for Fuel2. |
+|Fuel1\_Min\_Cofire\_Level  |The minimum blendng level of 'Fuel1' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the normal generation process. |
+|Fuel1\_Min\_Cofire_Level\_Start  |The minimum blendng level of 'Fuel1' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the start-up process. |
+|Fuel1\_Max\_Cofire\_Level  |The maximum blendng level of 'Fuel1' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the normal generation process. |
+|Fuel1\_Max\_Cofire_Level\_Start  |The maximum blendng level of 'Fuel1' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the start-up process. |
+|Fuel2\_Min\_Cofire\_Level  |The minimum blendng level of 'Fuel2' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the normal generation process. |
+|Fuel2\_Min\_Cofire_Level\_Start  |The minimum blendng level of 'Fuel2' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the start-up process. |
+|Fuel2\_Max\_Cofire\_Level  |The maximum blendng level of 'Fuel2' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the normal generation process. |
+|Fuel2\_Max\_Cofire_Level\_Start  |The maximum blendng level of 'Fuel2' in total heat inputs of a mulit-fuel generator (MULTI_FUELS = 1) during the start-up process. |
 
 ## 3 Outputs
 

src/load_inputs/load_generators_data.jl

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
     # Add Resource IDs after reading to prevent user errors
     gen_in[!,:R_ID] = 1:G
-
+	
     scale_factor = setup["ParameterScale"] == 1 ? ModelScalingFactor : 1
 	## Defining sets of generation and storage resources
 
@@ -66,13 +66,18 @@
 	if !("RETRO" in names(gen_in))
 		gen_in[!, "RETRO"] = zero(gen_in[!, "R_ID"])
 	end
-		
+
 	inputs_gen["RETRO"] = gen_in[gen_in.RETRO.==1,:R_ID]
     # Disable Retrofit while it's under development
     if !(isempty(inputs_gen["RETRO"]))
         error("The Retrofits feature, which is activated by nonzero data in a 'RETRO' column in Generators_data.csv, is under development and is not ready for public use. Disable this message to enable this *experimental* feature.")
     end
 
+	# Set of multi-fuel resources
+	if "MULTI_FUELS" ∉ names(gen_in)
+		gen_in[!, "MULTI_FUELS"] = zero(gen_in[!, "R_ID"])
+	end
+
 	# Set of thermal generator resources
 	if setup["UCommit"]>=1
 		# Set of thermal resources eligible for unit committment
@@ -158,7 +163,6 @@
 
 		inputs_gen["RETROFIT_INV_CAP_COSTS"] = [ [ inv_cap[i][y] for i in 1:max_retro_sources if inv_cap[i][y] >= 0 ] for y in 1:G ]  # The set of investment costs (capacity $/MWyr) of each retrofit by source
 	end
-
     # See documentation for descriptions of each column
     # Generally, these scalings converts energy and power units from MW to GW
     # and $/MW to $M/GW. Both are done by dividing the values by 1000.
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@
 	end
 
 	load_vre_stor_data!(inputs_gen, setup, path)
-
+	load_multi_fuels_data!(inputs_gen, setup, path)
 
 	# write zeros if col names are not in the gen_in dataframe
 	required_cols_for_co2 = ["Biomass", "CO2_Capture_Fraction", "CO2_Capture_Fraction_Startup", "CCS_Disposal_Cost_per_Metric_Ton"]
@@ -241,6 +245,51 @@
 	println(filename * " Successfully Read!")
 end
 
+@doc raw"""
+	load_multi_fuels_data!(inputs_gen::Dict, setup::Dict, path::AbstractString)
+
+Function for reading input parameters related to multi fuels
+"""
+function load_multi_fuels_data!(inputs_gen::Dict, setup::Dict, path::AbstractString)
+	gen_in = inputs_gen["dfGen"]
+	inputs_gen["MULTI_FUELS"] = gen_in[gen_in.MULTI_FUELS.==1,:R_ID]
+	inputs_gen["SINGLE_FUEL"] = gen_in[gen_in.MULTI_FUELS.!=1,:R_ID]
+
+	if !isempty(inputs_gen["MULTI_FUELS"]) # If there are any resources using multi fuels, read relevant data
+		inputs_gen["NUM_FUELS"] = gen_in[!,:Num_Fuels]   # Number of fuels that this resource can use
+		max_fuels = maximum(inputs_gen["NUM_FUELS"])
+		fuel_cols = [ Symbol(string("Fuel",i)) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		heat_rate_cols = [ Symbol(string("Heat_Rate",i, "_MMBTU_per_MWh")) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		max_cofire_cols = [ Symbol(string("Fuel",i, "_Max_Cofire_Level")) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		min_cofire_cols = [ Symbol(string("Fuel",i, "_Min_Cofire_Level")) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		max_cofire_start_cols = [ Symbol(string("Fuel",i, "_Max_Cofire_Level_Start")) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		min_cofire_start_cols = [ Symbol(string("Fuel",i, "_Min_Cofire_Level_Start")) for i in 1:max_fuels ]
+		fuel_types = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in fuel_cols ]
+		heat_rates = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in heat_rate_cols ]
+		max_cofire = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in max_cofire_cols ]
+		min_cofire = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in min_cofire_cols ]
+		max_cofire_start = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in max_cofire_start_cols ]
+		min_cofire_start = [ gen_in[!,f] for f in min_cofire_start_cols ]
+		inputs_gen["HEAT_RATES"] = heat_rates
+		inputs_gen["MAX_COFIRE"] = max_cofire
+		inputs_gen["MIN_COFIRE"] = min_cofire
+		inputs_gen["MAX_COFIRE_START"] = max_cofire_start
+		inputs_gen["MIN_COFIRE_START"] = min_cofire_start
+		inputs_gen["FUEL_TYPES"] = fuel_types
+		inputs_gen["FUEL_COLS"] = fuel_cols
+		inputs_gen["MAX_NUM_FUELS"] = max_fuels
+
+		# check whether non-zero heat rates are used for resources that only use a single fuel
+		for i in 1:max_fuels
+			for hr in heat_rates[i][inputs_gen["SINGLE_FUEL"]]
+				if  hr > 0 
+					error("Heat rates for multi fuels must be zero when only one fuel is used")
+				end
+			end
+		end
+	end
+end	
+
 
 @doc raw"""
 	check_vre_stor_validity(df::DataFrame, setup::Dict)
@@ -369,7 +418,7 @@
 Function for reading input parameters related to co-located VRE-storage resources
 """
 function load_vre_stor_data!(inputs_gen::Dict, setup::Dict, path::AbstractString)
-	
+
 	error_strings = String[]
 	dfGen = inputs_gen["dfGen"]
 	inputs_gen["VRE_STOR"] = "VRE_STOR" in names(dfGen) ? dfGen[dfGen.VRE_STOR.==1,:R_ID] : Int[]