Table of contents generated with markdown-toc
This Truffle Arbitrum Box provides you with the boilerplate structure necessary to start coding for Arbitrum's Ethereum Layer 2 solution. For detailed information on how Arbitrum works, please see the documentation here.
As a starting point, this box contains only the SimpleStorage Solidity contract. Including minimal code was a conscious decision as this box is meant to provide the initial building blocks needed to get to work on Arbitrum without pushing developers to write any particular sort of application. With this box, you will be able to compile, migrate, and test Solidity code against a variety of Arbitrum test networks.
Arbitrum's Layer 2 solution is almost fully compatible with the EVM. You do not need a separate compiler to compile your Solidity contracts. The main difference between the EVM and the Arbitrum chain that developers will notice is that some opcodes are different and concepts such as time and gas are handled a little differently. Developers can use their regular Solidity compiler to compile contracts for Arbitrum. You can see the complete list of differences between the Arbitrum L2 chain and Ethereum here.
The Arbitrum Box has the following requirements:
- Node.js 10.x or later
- NPM version 5.2 or later
- docker, version 19.03.12 or later
- docker-compose, version 1.27.3 or later
- Recommended Docker memory allocation of >=8 GB.
- Windows, Linux or MacOS
Helpful, but optional:
Note that this installation command will only work once the box is published (in the interim you can use
truffle unbox https://github.com/truffle-box/arbitrum-box).
$ truffle unbox arbitrumou will need at least one mnemonic to use with the network. The .dotenv npm package has been installed for you, and you will need to create a .env file for storing your mnemonic and any other needed private information.
The .env file is ignored by git in this project, to help protect your private data. In general, it is good security practice to avoid committing information about your private keys to github. The truffle-config.arbitrum.js file expects a MNEMONIC value to exist in .env for running commands on each of these networks, as well as a default MNEMONIC for the Arbitrum network we will run locally.
If you are unfamiliar with using .env for managing your mnemonics and other keys, the basic steps for doing so are below:
- Use
touch .envin the command line to create a.envfile at the root of your project. - Open the
.envfile in your preferred IDE - Add the following, filling in your own Infura project key and mnemonics:
MNEMONIC="jar deny prosper gasp flush glass core corn alarm treat leg smart"
INFURA_KEY="<Your Infura Project ID>"
RINKEBY_MNEMONIC="<Your Rinkeby Mnemonic>"
MAINNET_MNEMONIC="<Your Arbitrum Mainnet Mnemonic>"
Note: the value for the MNEMONIC above is the one you should use, as it is expected within the local arbitrum network we will run in this Truffle Box.
- As you develop your project, you can put any other sensitive information in this file. You can access it from other files with
require('dotenv').config()and refer to the variable you need withprocess.env['<YOUR_VARIABLE>'].
A new configuration file exists in this project: truffle-config.arbitrum.js. This file contains a reference to the new file location of the contracts_build_directory and contracts_directory for Arbitrum contracts and lists several networks for running the Arbitrum Layer 2 network instance (see below).
Please note, the classic truffle-config.js configuration file is included here as well, because you will eventually want to deploy contracts to Ethereum as well. All normal truffle commands (truffle compile, truffle migrate, etc.) will use this config file and save built files to build/ethereum-contracts. You can save Solidity contracts that you wish to deploy to Ethereum in the contracts/ethereum folder.
When you compile or migrate, the resulting json files will be at build/arbitrum-contracts/. This is to distinguish them from any Ethereum contracts you build, which will live in build/ethereum-contracts. As we have included the appropriate contracts_build_directory in each configuration file, Truffle will know which set of built files to reference!
To compile your Arbitrum contracts, run the following in your terminal:
npm run compile:arbitrum
This script lets Truffle know to use the truffle-config.arbitrum.js configuration file, which tells Truffle where to store your build artifacts. When adding new contracts to compile, you may find some discrepancies and errors, so please remember to keep an eye on differences between ethereum and Arbitrum!
If you would like to recompile previously compiled contracts, you can manually run this command with truffle compile --config truffle-config.arbitrum.js and add the --all flag.
To migrate on Arbitrum, run:
npm run migrate:arbitrum --network=(arbitrum_local | arbitrum_testnet | arbitrum_mainnet)
(remember to choose a network from these options!).
You have several Arbitrum networks to choose from, prepackaged in this box (note: Layer 1 networks are included in the regular truffle-config.js file, to aid you with further development. But here we'll just go through the Layer 2 deployment options available):
-
arbitrum_local: This network is the default Layer 1/Layer 2 integration provided by Arbitrum for testing your Arbitrum-compatible code. Documentation about this setup can be found here.-
You will need to install the code for this network in this box in order to use the scripts associated with it. To install it, run
npm run installLocalArbitrum. You should only need to run this initiation command once. It will create anarbitrumdirectory in this project that will house the repository you need. If at any point you want to update to the latest Arbitrum docker image, you can delete yourarbitrumdirectory and run this command again. If you'd rather house the Arbitrum local blockchain outside of this box, see these notes for how to get started doing so. -
If you wish to use this network, follow these steps, in this order:
- In a new terminal tab, enter
npm run startLocalEthereum. - Wait for step #1 to complete. The Arbitrum Layer 2 blockchain depends on the existence of a Layer 1 for proper interoperability.
- In another new terminal tab, enter
npm run startLocalArbitrum. Wait a little while, and you will see the Arbitrum blockchain running and interacting with the Layer 1 simulation from step #1! You are ready to try out deploying your contracts!
- In a new terminal tab, enter
-
-
arbitrum_testnet: Arbitrum has deployed a testnet to the Rinkeby network. The RPC endpoint is https://arbitrum-rinkeby.infura.io/v3/. In order to access this node for testing, you will need to connect a wallet (we suggest MetaMask). Save your seed phrase in a.envfile asRINKEBY_MNEMONIC. Using an.envfile for the mnemonic is safer practice because it is listed in.gitignoreand thus will not be committed.- Currently, we have the gasPrice for transactions on Arbitrum Rinkeby set to zero. You should be able to use this network as configured at this time.
- In order to set up your MetaMask wallet to connect to the Arbitrum Rinkeby network, you will need to create a custom RPC network in your wallet. You can find detailed steps for this process here. You will need the following information:
- RPC Url:
https://arbitrum-rinkeby.infura.io/v3/ + <your infura key> - chain id: 421611
- RPC Url:
-
arbitrum_mainnet: This is the mainnet for Arbitrum's Layer 2 solution. You will need to connect your wallet to the Arbitrum mainnet RPC network, located at https://arbitrum-mainnet.infura.io/v3/
Layer 1 networks are included in the truffle-config.js file, but it is not necessary to deploy your base contracts to Layer 1 right now. Eventually, you will likely have a Layer 2 contract that you want to connect with a Layer 1 contract. One example is an ERC20 contract that is deployed on an Arbitrum network. At some point the user will wish to withdraw their funds into Ethereum. There will need to be a contract deployed on Layer 1 that can receive the message from Layer 2 to mint the appropriate tokens on Layer 1 for the user. More information on this system can be found here.
If you would like to migrate previously migrated contracts on the same network, you can run truffle migrate --config truffle-config.arbitrum.js --network=(arbitrum_local | arbitrum_testnet | arbitrum_mainnet) and add the --reset flag.
The code here will allow you to compile, migrate, and test your code against an Arbitrum instance. The following commands can be run (more details on each can be found in the next section):
To compile:
npm run compile:arbitrum
To migrate:
npm run migrate:arbitrum --network=(arbitrum_local | arbitrum_testnet | arbitrum_mainnet)
To test:
npm run test:arbitrum --network=(arbitrum_local | arbitrum_testnet | arbitrum_mainnet)
Currently, this box supports testing via Javascript/TypeScript tests. In order to run the test currently in the boilerplate, use the following command:
npm run test:arbitrum --network=(arbitrum_local | arbitrum_testnet | arbitrum_mainnet)
Remember that there are some differences between Arbitrum and Ethereum, and refer to the Arbitrum documentation if you run into test failures.
The information above should allow you to deploy to an Arbitrum Layer 2 chain. This is only the first step! Once you are ready to deploy your own contracts to function on Layer 1 using Layer 2, you will need to be aware of the ways in which Layer 1 and Layer 2 interact in the Arbitrum ecosystem. Keep an eye out for additional Truffle tooling and examples that elucidate this second step to full Arbitrum integration!
Support for this box is available via the Truffle community available here.