fix: GPU bootstrap, refresh driver versions and list of supported GPU VM SKUs

[tallaxes]

Fixes #579, #517

Description

• Accommodate required bootstrap changes in recent VHD images (set GPU_DRIVER_TYPE)
• Update NVIDIA driver versions
• Update (and externalize) list of supported GPU VM SKUs
• Add (and fix) tests for bootstrap GPU settings

How was this change tested?

• make presubmit
• E2E: https://github.com/Azure/karpenter-provider-azure/actions/runs/12092116668/job/33721452273
• manual testing

Does this change impact docs?

• Yes, PR includes docs updates
• Yes, issue opened: #
• No

Release Note

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 12092148753

Details

• 36 of 37 (97.3%) changed or added relevant lines in 6 files are covered.
• 2 unchanged lines in 1 file lost coverage.
• Overall coverage decreased (-0.004%) to 94.23%

---

Changes Missing Coverage	Covered Lines	Changed/Added Lines	%
pkg/utils/gpu.go	29	30	96.67%

Files with Coverage Reduction	New Missed Lines	%
pkg/cache/unavailableofferings.go	2	95.45%

Totals
Change from base Build 12038877567:	-0.004%
Covered Lines:	37171
Relevant Lines:	39447

---

💛 - Coveralls

[ganeshkumarashok]

GPUNeedsFabricManager and related changes can be split into a separate PR since karpenter doesn't have MIG support today right? https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/gpu-multi-instance?tabs=azure-cli

[Bryce-Soghigian]

LGTM, lets wait on removing NC1 etc. or do it in a separate PR.

[Bryce-Soghigian]

GPUNeedsFabricManager and related changes can be split into a separate PR since karpenter doesn't have MIG support today right? https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/gpu-multi-instance?tabs=azure-cli

Yeah seems weird to add this support now.