Expand capabilities of the `debug` instruction #4105

Job	Run time
Clippy	1m 1s
rustfmt	10s
no-std (stable, wasm32-unknown-unknown)	1m 8s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets --no-default-features	1m 14s
no-std (nightly, wasm32-unknown-unknown)	3m 6s
Test Rust stable on ubuntu with --profile test-release	8m 30s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets	1m 1s
Test Rust nightly on windows-2022	0s
Test Rust stable on ubuntu with --profile test-release --doc	4m 34s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets --all-features	1m 13s
Test Rust nightly on ubuntu with --profile test-release	10m 14s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets --no-default-features	1m 1s
Test Rust nightly on ubuntu with --profile test-release --doc	5m 6s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets	1m 8s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets --all-features	1m 15s
	40m 41s

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