Expand capabilities of the `debug` instruction #4097

Job	Run time
Test Rust stable on ubuntu with --profile test-release	8m 17s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets --no-default-features	1m 21s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets	1m 10s
Check Rust stable on ubuntu with --all-targets --all-features	1m 14s
Test Rust stable on ubuntu with --profile test-release --doc	4m 39s
Clippy	51s
Test Rust nightly on ubuntu with --profile test-release	9m 52s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets --no-default-features	1m 9s
no-std (stable, wasm32-unknown-unknown)	1m 6s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets	1m 6s
no-std (nightly, wasm32-unknown-unknown)	1m 6s
Test Rust nightly on ubuntu with --profile test-release --doc	4m 29s
Check Rust nightly on ubuntu with --all-targets --all-features	1m 22s
rustfmt	25s
Test Rust nightly on windows-2022	0s
	38m 7s

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