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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Creating and Applying SSL Certificate to Apache HTTPD</title>
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<meta name="keywords" content="Web Server Administration,Apache HTTPD Administration,Apache HTTPD Config,Self-Signed HTTPS,HTTPS,HTTPD,Apache HTTPD Configuration,Self-Signed PKI,SSL Certificates,Self-Signed SSL,How To Create Self-Signed Certificates,PKI,Apache,Public Key Infrastructure,Encryption,XCA,X Certificate Key Manager,SSL,Self-Signed Certificate,Web Server,Certificates,Certificate Authority,Self-Signed,X Certificate And Key Management,Apache HTTPD,How To,Tutorial,i12bretro">
<meta name="author" content="i12bretro">
<meta name="description" content="Creating and Applying SSL Certificate to Apache HTTPD">
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<meta name="revised" content="10/24/2022 09:26:18 AM" />
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<h1>Creating and Applying SSL Certificate to Apache HTTPD</h1>
</div>
<div></div>
<div id="content">
<p>This is part four of a series of creating your own self-signed PKI and some ways to utilize the PKI to setup SSL for your web server or create your own OpenVPN server.</p>
<p>Disclaimer: I am not a security expert. This is just the easiest way I have found to create and utilize SSL for my homelab services.</p>
<h2>Prerequisites</h2>
<ul>
<li class="noCheckbox">A XCA PKI database <a href="https://youtu.be/ezzj3x207lQ" target="_blank">https://youtu.be/ezzj3x207lQ</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Create Your SSL Certificate</h2>
<ol>
<li>Launch XCA</li>
<li>Open the PKI database if it is not already (File > Open DataBase), enter password</li>
<li>Click on the Certificates tab, right click on your Intermediate CA certificate</li>
<li>Select New</li>
<li>On the Source tab, make sure Use this Certificate for signing is selected</li>
<li>Verify your Intermediate CA certificate is selected from the drop down</li>
<li>Click the Subject tab</li>
<li>Complete the Distinguished Name section
<p>internalName: WebDev SSL<br />
countryName: US<br />
stateOrProvinceName: Virginia<br />
localityName: Northern<br />
organizationName: i12bretro<br />
organizationUnitName: i12bretro Certificate Authority<br />
commonName: webdev.i12bretro.local</p>
</li>
<li>Click the Generate a New Key button</li>
<li>Enter a name and set the key size to at least 2048</li>
<li>Click Create</li>
<li>Click on the Extensions tab</li>
<li>Select End Entity from the type list</li>
<li>Click Edit next to Subject Alternative Name</li>
<li>Add any DNS or IP addresses that the certificate will identify</li>
<li>Update the validity dates to fit your needs</li>
<li>Click the Key Usage tab</li>
<li>Under Key Usage select Digital Signature, Key Encipherment</li>
<li>Under Extended Key Usage select Web Server and Web Client Authentication</li>
<li>Click the Netscape tab</li>
<li>Select SSL Server</li>
<li>Click OK to create the certificate</li>
</ol>
<h2>Exporting Required Files</h2>
<ol>
<li>In XCA, click on the Certificates tab</li>
<li>Right click the Intermediate CA certificate > Export > File</li>
<li>Set the file name with a .crt extension and verify the export format is PEM chain (*.pem)</li>
<li>Click OK</li>
<li>Right click the SSL certificate > Export > File</li>
<li>Set the file name with a .crt extension and verify the export format is PEM (*.crt)</li>
<li>Click OK</li>
<li>Click the Private Keys tab</li>
<li>Right click the private key generated for the SSL certificate > Export > File</li>
<li>Set the file name with a .key extension and verify the export format is PEM private (*.pem)</li>
<li>Click OK</li>
</ol>
<h2>Setting Up Apache For SSL</h2>
<ol>
<li>Navigate to <apacheinstalldir>/conf</apacheinstalldir></li>
<li>Create a certs directory if it does not exist</li>
<li>Copy the exported SSL certificate, private key and certificate chain files to <apacheinstalldir>/conf/certs</apacheinstalldir></li>
<li>Edit <apacheinstalldir>/conf/httpd.conf</apacheinstalldir></li>
<li>At the bottom of the file add a VirtualHost block
<p>Listen 443<br />
<virtualhost :443><br />
SSLEngine on<br />
SSLProtocol -All +TLSv1.2 +TLSv1.3<br />
SSLCipherSuite HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5<br />
SSLCertificateFile /conf/certs/%ssl.crt file%<br />
SSLCertificateKeyFile /conf/certs/%ssl.key file%<br />
SSLCertificateChainFile /conf/certs/%ssl-chain.crt file%<br />
</virtualhost><virtualhost :443=""></virtualhost></p>
</li>
<li>Restart the Apache Service</li>
<li>Open a web browser</li>
<li>Navigate to https://DNSorIP from your certificate</li>
<li>Click the lock and select view certificate</li>
<li>Validate the certificate and certificate chain being presented by Apache HTTPD</li>
</ol> </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>