Rappel is a pretty janky assembly REPL. It works by creating a shell ELF, starting it under ptrace, then continiously rewriting/running the .text section, while showing the register states. It's maybe half done right now, and supports Linux x86, amd64, armv7 (no thumb), and armv8 at the moment.
- If you're looking for a Windows version, please see @zerosum0x0's WinREPL (archived)
- If you're looking for a macOS version, please see @tyilol's asm_repl
- If you're looking for a hacked together with gdb and Python version, please see amtal's rappel.py
The only dependencies are libedit and an assembler (nasm on x86/amd64, as on ARM) , which on Debian can be installed with the libedit-dev and nasm/binutils packages. Please note, as rappel requires the ability to write to executable memory via ptrace, the program is broken under PAX_MPROTECT on grsec kernels (see #2).
$ CC=clang make
It should work fine with gcc, albeit with a few more warnings.
By default rappel is compiled with your native architecture. If you're on amd64 and want to target x86 you can do this with
$ ARCH=x86 CC=clang make
In theory you can also compile an armv7 binary this way, but I really doubt it will work. For rappel to function, the architecture of the main rappel binary must match that of the process it creates, and the host must be able to run binaries of this architecture.
Rappel has two modes it can operate in. A pipe mode for one off things, a la
$ echo "inc eax" | bin/rappel
rax=0000000000000001 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400004 rsp=00007ffc73019c20 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
$
Or an interactive mode:
$ bin/rappel
rax=0000000000000000 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400001 rsp=00007ffdedb264a0 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
> inc rax
rax=0000000000000001 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400004 rsp=00007ffdedb264a0 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
> push rax
rax=0000000000000001 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400002 rsp=00007ffdedb26498 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
> pop rbx
rax=0000000000000001 rbx=0000000000000001 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400002 rsp=00007ffdedb264a0 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
> cmp rax, rbx
rax=0000000000000001 rbx=0000000000000001 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400004 rsp=00007ffdedb264a0 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:1, of:0, sf:0, pf:1, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000246
> ^D
$
x86 looks like:
$ echo "nop" | bin/rappel
eax=00000000 ebx=00000000 ecx=00000000 edx=00000000 esi=00000000 edi=00000000
eip=00400002 esp=ffc67240 ebp=00000000 [cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0023 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
$
ARMv7 looks like:
$ echo "nop" | bin/rappel
R0 :0x00000000 R1 :0x00000000 R2 :0x00000000 R3 :0x00000000
R4 :0x00000000 R5 :0x00000000 R6 :0x00000000 R7 :0x00000000
R8 :0x00000000 R9 :0x00000000 R10:0x00000000
FP :0x00000000 IP :0x00000000
SP :0xbe927f30 LR :0x00000000 PC :0x00400004
APSR:0x00000010
$
ARMv8 looks like:
$ echo "nop" | bin/rappel
X0: 0x0000000000000000 X1: 0x0000000000000000 X2: 0x0000000000000000 X3: 0x0000000000000000
X4: 0x0000000000000000 X5: 0x0000000000000000 X6: 0x0000000000000000 X7: 0x0000000000000000
X8: 0x0000000000000000 X9: 0x0000000000000000 X10: 0x0000000000000000 X11: 0x0000000000000000
X12: 0x0000000000000000 X13: 0x0000000000000000 X14: 0x0000000000000000 X15: 0x0000000000000000
X16: 0x0000000000000000 X17: 0x0000000000000000 X18: 0x0000000000000000 X19: 0x0000000000000000
X20: 0x0000000000000000 X21: 0x0000000000000000 X22: 0x0000000000000000 X23: 0x0000000000000000
X24: 0x0000000000000000 X25: 0x0000000000000000 X26: 0x0000000000000000 X27: 0x0000000000000000
X28: 0x0000000000000000 X29: 0x0000000000000000 X30: 0x0000000000000000
PC: 0x0000000000400004 SP: 0x0000007fedb9be40 PS: 0x0000000000000000
Someone asked about xmm registers. If you pass -x it will dump out quite a bit of info.
GP Regs:
rax=0000000000000000 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=0000000000000000 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000000000000000
rip=0000000000400001 rsp=00007ffca03d9370 rbp=0000000000000000
r8=0000000000000000 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000
r11=0000000000000000 r12=0000000000000000 r13=0000000000000000
r14=0000000000000000 r15=0000000000000000
[cf:0, zf:0, of:0, sf:0, pf:0, af:0, df:0]
cs=0033 ss=002b ds=0000 es=0000 fs=0000 gs=0000 efl=00000202
FP Regs:
rip: 0000000000000000 rdp: 0000000000000000 mxcsr: 00001f80 mxcsr_mask:0000ffff
cwd: 037f swd: 0000 ftw: 0000 fop: 0000
st_space:
0x00: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x10: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x20: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x30: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x40: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x50: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x60: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x70: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
xmm_space:
0x00: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x10: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x20: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x30: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x40: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x50: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x60: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x70: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x80: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0x90: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xa0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xb0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xc0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xd0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xe0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0xf0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
There are some other regsets the kernel exports via ptrace(), but they're dependent on kernel version, and I didn't want to try to detect and adjust at runtime. If you want them, you should just need to add the storage in proc_info_t, edit ptrace_collect_regs_<arch>(), then add the display in the relevant display function.
Right now supported platforms are determined by what hardware I own. Adding a new architecture shouldn't be too difficult, as most of the code can be adapted from existing archs.
You can get pretty much all the documentation with either -h from the command line, or .help from the interactive bit.