object.md

PyObject

PyObject is the base class of all types other than PyCore. Objects of non-builtin classes are instances of PyObject. PyObject implements 4 magic methods to map operations to Python objects.

All class methods, parameters, and return values are defined in the files in the stubs directory. The documentation does not describe them in detail.

Built-in classes

• PyObject: The base class of all other types
• PyDict: Dictionary type, equivalent to PHP associative arrays
• PyList: List type, equivalent to PHP indexed arrays
• PyTuple: Tuple, an immutable list
• PyStr: String
• PyModule: Python package, PyModule is also a subclass of PyObject

Inheritance

PyObject -> PyModule
-> PySequenece -> PyList
-> PyTuple
-> PySet
-> PyStr
-> PyDict
-> PyType

__get($name)

Reads the attribute of the Python object.

$pyobj->attr;

The following operations are equivalent:

pyobj.attr

__set($name, $value)

Sets the attribute of the Python object.

$pyobj->attr = 'hello';

The following operations are equivalent:

pyobj.attr = 'hello'

__call($name, $args)

Calls the method of the Python object.

$pyobj->fn($a, $b, $c);

The following operations are equivalent:

pyobj.fn(a, b, c)

__invoke(...$args)

Executes a callable object, usually used to execute functions, construct objects.

// Import a py module, name is app.user
$user = PyCore::import('app.user');
// Info is a class
$Info = $user->Info;
// create an object, it is instance of app.user.Info
$info = $Info('Rango', 2023);

The following operations are equivalent:

from app.user import Info

# create an Info object
info = Info('Rango', 2023)

Named Parameters

Supports named parameters. Example:

Passing named parameters

kwargs($a, $b, $c, name: 'hello', world: 'rango');

• Positional parameters must come first, named parameters must come last.

Receiving named parameters

function kwargs($a, $b, $c, $name, $world) {

}

Variable named parameters

function kwargs(...$kwargs) {
    var_dump($kwargs);
}

• $kwargs will contain both the positional parameters and the named parameters, for example in the previous example it will receive:

array(
 0 => $a,
 1 => $b,
 2 => $c,
 'name' => 'hello',
 'world' => 'rango',
)

Forwarding named parameters

function kwargs(...$kwargs) {
    kwargs_fn2(...$kwargs);
}

It is possible to forward the named parameters to another function.