diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/mod.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/mod.rs
index 432a5b917818..ee87cf89f251 100644
--- a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/mod.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ mod esm;
 mod export_info_api_dep;
 mod hmr;
 mod module_argument_dependency;
+mod pure_expression_dependency;
 mod url;
 mod worker;
 pub use commonjs::*;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ pub use esm::*;
 pub use export_info_api_dep::*;
 pub use hmr::*;
 pub use module_argument_dependency::*;
+pub use pure_expression_dependency::*;
 pub use worker::*;
 
 pub use self::url::*;
diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/pure_expression_dependency.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/pure_expression_dependency.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ee408b97e3b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/dependency/pure_expression_dependency.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use rspack_core::{DependencyTemplate, TemplateContext, TemplateReplaceSource};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct PureExpressionDependency {
+  pub start: u32,
+  pub end: u32,
+}
+
+impl PureExpressionDependency {
+  pub fn new(start: u32, end: u32) -> Self {
+    Self { start, end }
+  }
+}
+
+impl DependencyTemplate for PureExpressionDependency {
+  fn apply(
+    &self,
+    _source: &mut TemplateReplaceSource,
+    _code_generatable_context: &mut TemplateContext,
+  ) {
+    // TODO
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/inner_graph_plugin.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/inner_graph_plugin.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6cc67752aa64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/inner_graph_plugin.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+use rspack_core::{DependencyTemplate, SpanExt, UsedByExports};
+use rustc_hash::{FxHashMap as HashMap, FxHashSet as HashSet};
+use swc_core::{
+  common::{Spanned, SyntaxContext},
+  ecma::{
+    ast::{
+      ArrowExpr, CallExpr, Callee, Class, ClassDecl, ClassExpr, ClassMember, Decl, DefaultDecl,
+      ExportDecl, ExportDefaultDecl, ExportDefaultExpr, Expr, FnDecl, FnExpr, Ident, Pat,
+      VarDeclarator,
+    },
+    atoms::JsWord,
+    utils::find_pat_ids,
+    visit::{noop_visit_type, Visit, VisitWith},
+  },
+};
+
+use crate::{
+  dependency::PureExpressionDependency,
+  side_effects_flag_plugin::{is_pure_class, is_pure_expression},
+};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub enum InnerGraphMapValue {
+  Set(HashSet<JsWord>),
+  True,
+  #[default]
+  Nil,
+}
+
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum InnerGraphMapUsage {
+  Value(JsWord),
+  True,
+}
+
+pub type UsageCallback = Box<dyn Fn(UsedByExports)>;
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct InnerGraphState {
+  inner_graph: HashMap<JsWord, InnerGraphMapValue>,
+  usage_callback_map: HashMap<JsWord, Vec<UsageCallback>>,
+  current_top_level_symbol: Option<JsWord>,
+}
+
+pub struct InnerGraphPlugin<'a> {
+  presentational_dependencies: &'a mut Vec<Box<dyn DependencyTemplate>>,
+  unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext,
+  top_level_ctxt: SyntaxContext,
+  state: Option<InnerGraphState>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Visit for InnerGraphPlugin<'a> {
+  noop_visit_type!();
+
+  fn visit_call_expr(&mut self, call_expr: &CallExpr) {
+    // https://github.com/webpack/webpack/blob/main/lib/JavascriptMetaInfoPlugin.js#L46
+    if let Callee::Expr(box Expr::Ident(ident)) = &call_expr.callee && &ident.sym == "eval" {
+      self.bailout();
+    }
+  }
+
+  fn visit_class_member(&mut self, node: &ClassMember) {}
+
+  fn visit_fn_decl(&mut self, node: &FnDecl) {}
+
+  fn visit_fn_expr(&mut self, node: &FnExpr) {}
+
+  fn visit_arrow_expr(&mut self, node: &ArrowExpr) {}
+
+  fn visit_class_expr(&mut self, node: &ClassExpr) {
+    if !self.is_enabled() {
+      return;
+    }
+    if let Some(ident) = &node.ident {
+      self.visit_class(ident.sym.clone(), &node.class);
+    }
+  }
+
+  fn visit_class_decl(&mut self, node: &ClassDecl) {
+    if !self.is_enabled() {
+      return;
+    }
+    self.visit_class(node.ident.sym.clone(), &node.class);
+  }
+
+  fn visit_ident(&mut self, ident: &Ident) {
+    if ident.span.ctxt == self.top_level_ctxt {
+      self.add_usage(
+        ident.sym.clone(),
+        if let Some(symbol) = self.get_top_level_symbol() {
+          InnerGraphMapUsage::Value(symbol)
+        } else {
+          InnerGraphMapUsage::True
+        },
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  fn visit_var_declarator(&mut self, n: &VarDeclarator) {
+    if !self.is_enabled() {
+      return;
+    }
+    if let Pat::Ident(ident) = &n.name &&  let Some(box expr) = &n.init && is_pure_expression(expr, self.unresolved_ctxt){
+      let symbol = ident.id.sym.clone();
+      match expr {
+        Expr::Fn(_) | Expr::Arrow(_) | Expr::Lit(_) => {},
+        Expr::Class(class) => {
+          self.visit_class(symbol, &class.class);
+        }
+        _ => {
+          if is_pure_expression(expr, self.unresolved_ctxt) {
+            expr.visit_children_with(self);
+            self.on_usage_by_span(Some(symbol), expr.span().real_lo(), expr.span().real_hi());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  fn visit_export_decl(&mut self, export_decl: &ExportDecl) {
+    match &export_decl.decl {
+      Decl::Class(ClassDecl { ident, .. }) | Decl::Fn(FnDecl { ident, .. }) => {
+        self.add_variable_usage(ident.sym.clone(), ident.sym.clone());
+      }
+      Decl::Var(v) => {
+        find_pat_ids::<_, Ident>(&v.decls)
+          .into_iter()
+          .for_each(|ident| {
+            self.add_variable_usage(ident.sym.clone(), ident.sym.clone());
+          });
+      }
+      _ => {}
+    }
+    export_decl.visit_children_with(self);
+  }
+  // TODO add_variable_usage `exportExpression`
+  fn visit_export_default_expr(&mut self, node: &ExportDefaultExpr) {
+    if !self.is_enabled() {
+      return;
+    }
+    let symbol: JsWord = "*default*".into();
+    match *node.expr {
+      Expr::Fn(_) | Expr::Arrow(_) | Expr::Lit(_) => {}
+      Expr::Class(class) => {
+        self.visit_class(symbol, &class.class);
+      }
+      _ => {
+        if is_pure_expression(&*node.expr, self.unresolved_ctxt) {
+          node.expr.visit_children_with(self);
+          self.on_usage_by_span(Some(symbol), node.span.real_lo(), node.span.real_hi());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  fn visit_export_default_decl(&mut self, node: &ExportDefaultDecl) {
+    if !self.is_enabled() {
+      return;
+    }
+    let symbol: JsWord = "*default*".into();
+    match &node.decl {
+      DefaultDecl::Class(class) => {
+        self.visit_class(symbol, &class.class);
+      }
+      // DefaultDecl::Fn(_) => todo!(),
+      _ => {}
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+impl<'a> InnerGraphPlugin<'a> {
+  pub fn new(
+    presentational_dependencies: &'a mut Vec<Box<dyn DependencyTemplate>>,
+    unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext,
+    top_level_ctxt: SyntaxContext,
+  ) -> Self {
+    Self {
+      presentational_dependencies,
+      unresolved_ctxt,
+      top_level_ctxt,
+      state: Some(InnerGraphState::default()),
+    }
+  }
+
+  pub fn bailout(&mut self) {
+    self.state = None;
+  }
+
+  pub fn is_enabled(&self) -> bool {
+    self.state.is_some()
+  }
+
+  pub fn add_usage(&mut self, symbol: JsWord, usage: InnerGraphMapUsage) {
+    if let Some(state) = self.state.as_mut() {
+      let info = state.inner_graph.get_mut(&symbol);
+      match usage {
+        InnerGraphMapUsage::True => {
+          state.inner_graph.insert(symbol, InnerGraphMapValue::True);
+        }
+        InnerGraphMapUsage::Value(value) => {
+          if let Some(info) = info {
+            if let InnerGraphMapValue::Set(set) = info {
+              set.insert(value);
+            }
+          } else {
+            state.inner_graph.insert(
+              symbol,
+              InnerGraphMapValue::Set(HashSet::from_iter(vec![value])),
+            );
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  pub fn add_variable_usage(&mut self, name: JsWord, usage: JsWord) {
+    self.add_usage(name, InnerGraphMapUsage::Value(usage));
+  }
+
+  pub fn on_usage(&mut self, symbol: Option<JsWord>, on_usage_callback: UsageCallback) {
+    if let Some(state) = self.state.as_mut() {
+      if let Some(symbol) = symbol {
+        state
+          .usage_callback_map
+          .entry(symbol)
+          .or_insert(vec![])
+          .push(on_usage_callback);
+      } else {
+        on_usage_callback(UsedByExports::Bool(true));
+      }
+    } else {
+      on_usage_callback(UsedByExports::Nil);
+    }
+  }
+
+  pub fn on_usage_by_span(&mut self, symbol: Option<JsWord>, start: u32, end: u32) {
+    self.on_usage(
+      symbol,
+      Box::new(|used_by_exports| {
+        if matches!(used_by_exports, UsedByExports::Nil)
+          || matches!(used_by_exports, UsedByExports::Bool(true))
+        {
+          return;
+        } else {
+          // TODO usedByExports
+          self
+            .presentational_dependencies
+            .push(Box::new(PureExpressionDependency::new(start, end)));
+        }
+      }),
+    )
+  }
+
+  pub fn visit_class(&mut self, symbol: JsWord, class: &Class) {
+    self.set_top_level_symbol(Some(symbol.clone()));
+    for stmt in class.body.iter() {
+      match stmt {
+        ClassMember::ClassProp(p)  => {
+          if let Some(box expr) = &p.value &&  is_pure_expression(expr, self.unresolved_ctxt) && p.is_static  {
+            expr.visit_children_with(self);
+            self.on_usage_by_span(Some(symbol.clone()), expr.span().real_lo(), expr.span().real_hi());
+          }
+        }
+        ClassMember::PrivateProp(p) => {
+          if let Some(box expr) = &p.value &&  is_pure_expression(expr, self.unresolved_ctxt) && p.is_static  {
+            expr.visit_children_with(self);
+            self.on_usage_by_span(Some(symbol.clone()), expr.span().real_lo(), expr.span().real_hi());
+          }
+        }
+        _ => {}
+      }
+    }
+    // `onUsageSuper`
+    if let Some(box Expr::Ident(ident)) = &class.super_class && is_pure_class(class, self.unresolved_ctxt) {
+      ident.visit_children_with(self);
+      self.on_usage_by_span(Some(symbol), class.span.real_lo(), class.span.real_hi());
+    }
+    self.set_top_level_symbol(None);
+  }
+
+  pub fn set_top_level_symbol(&mut self, symbol: Option<JsWord>) {
+    if let Some(state) = self.state.as_mut() {
+      state.current_top_level_symbol = symbol;
+    }
+  }
+
+  pub fn get_top_level_symbol(&self) -> Option<JsWord> {
+    self.state.and_then(|s| s.current_top_level_symbol)
+  }
+
+  pub fn infer_dependency_usage(&mut self) {
+    if let Some(state) = self.state.as_mut() {
+      let non_terminal = HashSet::from_iter(state.inner_graph.keys());
+      let mut processed: HashMap<JsWord, HashSet<JsWord>> = HashMap::default();
+      while !non_terminal.is_empty() {
+        for key in non_terminal {
+          let mut new_set = HashSet::default();
+          let mut entry = processed.entry(key.clone()).or_default();
+          if let Some(InnerGraphMapValue::Set(value)) = state.inner_graph.get(key) {
+            for item in value.iter() {
+              entry.insert(item.clone());
+            }
+            for item in value {
+              if let Some(item_value) = state.inner_graph.get(item) {
+                match item_value {
+                  InnerGraphMapValue::Set(set) => {
+                    let mut new_set = HashSet::default();
+                    for i in set {
+                      if i == key {
+                        continue;
+                      }
+                      if entry.contains(i) {
+                        continue;
+                      }
+                      new_set.insert(i);
+                    }
+                    if new_set.is_empty() {
+                      state
+                        .inner_graph
+                        .insert(key.clone(), InnerGraphMapValue::Nil);
+                    } else {
+                      state
+                        .inner_graph
+                        .insert(key.clone(), InnerGraphMapValue::Set(new_set));
+                    }
+                  }
+                  InnerGraphMapValue::True => {
+                    state
+                      .inner_graph
+                      .insert(key.clone(), InnerGraphMapValue::True);
+                  }
+                  InnerGraphMapValue::Nil => {}
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          // processed.entry(key).and_modify(f).
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/mod.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/mod.rs
index 2085384fea60..0a646f235dbc 100644
--- a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/mod.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 pub mod flag_usage_plugin;
 pub mod impl_plugin_for_js_plugin;
 pub mod infer_async_modules_plugin;
+pub mod inner_graph_plugin;
 pub mod provided_exports_plugin;
 pub mod side_effects_flag_plugin;
-
 use std::hash::Hash;
 
 use rspack_core::rspack_sources::{BoxSource, ConcatSource, RawSource, SourceExt};
diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/side_effects_flag_plugin.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/side_effects_flag_plugin.rs
index a14f0e992106..8b74ac4184cf 100644
--- a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/side_effects_flag_plugin.rs
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/plugin/side_effects_flag_plugin.rs
@@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ impl SideEffectsFlagPlugin {
   }
 }
 
-fn is_pure_expression(expr: &Expr, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
+pub fn is_pure_expression(expr: &Expr, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
   !expr.may_have_side_effects(&ExprCtx {
     unresolved_ctxt,
     is_unresolved_ref_safe: false,
   })
 }
 
-fn is_pure_decl(stmt: &Decl, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
+pub fn is_pure_decl(stmt: &Decl, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
   match stmt {
     Decl::Class(class) => is_pure_class(&class.class, unresolved_ctxt),
     Decl::Fn(_) => true,
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ fn is_pure_decl(stmt: &Decl, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
   }
 }
 
-fn is_pure_class(class: &Class, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
+pub fn is_pure_class(class: &Class, unresolved_ctxt: SyntaxContext) -> bool {
   if let Some(ref super_class) = class.super_class {
     if !is_pure_expression(super_class, unresolved_ctxt) {
       return false;