diff --git a/packages/ai/core/generate-text/generate-text.ts b/packages/ai/core/generate-text/generate-text.ts
index dde2b5922a64..5130eb075e61 100644
--- a/packages/ai/core/generate-text/generate-text.ts
+++ b/packages/ai/core/generate-text/generate-text.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ import {
 import { GenerateTextResult } from './generate-text-result';
 import { ToToolCallArray, parseToolCall } from './tool-call';
 import { ToToolResultArray } from './tool-result';
+import { AISDKError } from '@ai-sdk/provider';
+import { ProviderError } from '../../errors/provider-error';
 
 /**
 Generate a text and call tools for a given prompt using a language model.
@@ -215,14 +217,27 @@ By default, it's set to 0, which will disable the feature.
             }),
             tracer,
             fn: async span => {
-              const result = await model.doGenerate({
-                mode,
-                ...callSettings,
-                inputFormat: currentInputFormat,
-                prompt: promptMessages,
-                abortSignal,
-                headers,
-              });
+              let result: Awaited<ReturnType<LanguageModel['doGenerate']>>;
+
+              try {
+                result = await model.doGenerate({
+                  mode,
+                  ...callSettings,
+                  inputFormat: currentInputFormat,
+                  prompt: promptMessages,
+                  abortSignal,
+                  headers,
+                });
+              } catch (error) {
+                if (error instanceof AISDKError) {
+                  throw new ProviderError({
+                    provider: model.provider,
+                    message: error.message,
+                    cause: error,
+                  });
+                }
+                throw error;
+              }
 
               // Add response information to the span:
               span.setAttributes(
diff --git a/packages/ai/errors/invalid-argument-error.ts b/packages/ai/errors/invalid-argument-error.ts
index 6b1e596cf2f8..c0bdb8317b8f 100644
--- a/packages/ai/errors/invalid-argument-error.ts
+++ b/packages/ai/errors/invalid-argument-error.ts
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ export class InvalidArgumentError extends AISDKError {
     );
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Do not use this method. It will be removed in the next major version.
+   */
   toJSON() {
     return {
       name: this.name,
diff --git a/packages/ai/errors/provider-error.ts b/packages/ai/errors/provider-error.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6c94c6f02a87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/ai/errors/provider-error.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { AISDKError } from '@ai-sdk/provider';
+
+const name = 'AI_ProviderError';
+const marker = `vercel.ai.error.${name}`;
+const symbol = Symbol.for(marker);
+
+export class ProviderError extends AISDKError {
+  private readonly [symbol] = true; // used in isInstance
+
+  readonly provider: string;
+
+  constructor({
+    message,
+    cause,
+    provider,
+  }: {
+    message: string;
+    cause: unknown;
+    provider: string;
+  }) {
+    super({
+      name,
+      message: `${provider} provider: ${message}`,
+      cause,
+    });
+
+    this.provider = provider;
+  }
+
+  static isInstance(error: unknown): error is ProviderError {
+    return AISDKError.hasMarker(error, marker);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/provider/src/errors/ai-sdk-error.ts b/packages/provider/src/errors/ai-sdk-error.ts
index 1f425f799d3b..0d2c1002cede 100644
--- a/packages/provider/src/errors/ai-sdk-error.ts
+++ b/packages/provider/src/errors/ai-sdk-error.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,14 @@ export class AISDKError extends Error {
    */
   readonly cause?: unknown;
 
+  /**
+   * The provider that caused the error.
+   *
+   * Writable so it can be set by the AI SDK function on AI SDK errors
+   * that are thrown by providers.
+   */
+  provider?: string;
+
   /**
    * Creates an AI SDK Error.
    *
@@ -40,6 +48,12 @@ export class AISDKError extends Error {
     this.cause = cause;
   }
 
+  get message(): string {
+    return this.provider != null
+      ? `${this.provider} provider error: ${super.message}`
+      : super.message;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Checks if the given error is an AI SDK Error.
    * @param {unknown} error - The error to check.