proc.c

#include "types.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "param.h"
#include "memlayout.h"
#include "mmu.h"
#include "x86.h"
#include "proc.h"
#include "spinlock.h"


struct {
  struct spinlock lock;
  struct proc proc[NPROC];
} ptable;

static struct proc *initproc;

int nextpid = 1;
extern void forkret(void);
extern void trapret(void);

static void wakeup1(void *chan);


int
waitx(int* wtime, int* rtime){
  struct proc *p;
  int havekids, pid;
  struct proc *curproc = myproc();
  
  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  for(;;){
    // Scan through table looking for exited children.
    havekids = 0;
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->parent != curproc)
        continue;
      havekids = 1;
      if(p->state == ZOMBIE){
        // Found one.
        pid = p->pid;
        kfree(p->kstack);
        p->kstack = 0;
        freevm(p->pgdir);
        p->pid = 0;
        p->parent = 0;
        p->name[0] = 0;
        p->killed = 0;
        p->state = UNUSED;

        *wtime = p->etime - (p->ctime + p->rtime + p->sleep_time);
        *rtime = p->rtime;
        // cprintf("creation time:%d end time:%d run time:%d sleep time:%d\n ",p->ctime,p->etime,p->rtime,p->sleep_time);
        p->etime = 0;
        p->ctime = 0;
        p->rtime = 0;
        release(&ptable.lock);
        return pid;
      }
    }

    // No point waiting if we don't have any children.
    if(!havekids || curproc->killed){
      release(&ptable.lock);
      return -1;
    }

    // Wait for children to exit.  (See wakeup1 call in proc_exit.)
    sleep(curproc, &ptable.lock);  //DOC: wait-sleep
  }
}

int
ps(void){
  struct proc *p;
  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  cprintf("PID\tPriority\tState\t\tr_time\tw_time\tn_run\tcur_q\tq0\tq1\tq2\tq3\tq4\t\n");
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->state==EMBRYO){
      cprintf("%d\t%d\t\tEmbryo\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t\n",p->pid,p->priority,p->rtime,ticks-p->last_inserted,p->picked_by_scheduler,p->queue_number,p->ran_in_queue[0],p->ran_in_queue[1],p->ran_in_queue[2],p->ran_in_queue[3],p->ran_in_queue[4]);
    }
    else if(p->state==SLEEPING){
      cprintf("%d\t%d\t\tsleeping\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t\n",p->pid,p->priority,p->rtime,ticks-ticks,p->picked_by_scheduler,p->queue_number,p->ran_in_queue[0],p->ran_in_queue[1],p->ran_in_queue[2],p->ran_in_queue[3],p->ran_in_queue[4]);
    }
    else if(p->state==RUNNABLE){
      cprintf("%d\t%d\t\trunnable\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t\n",p->pid,p->priority,p->rtime,ticks-p->last_inserted,p->picked_by_scheduler,p->queue_number,p->ran_in_queue[0],p->ran_in_queue[1],p->ran_in_queue[2],p->ran_in_queue[3],p->ran_in_queue[4]);
    }
    else if(p->state==RUNNING){
      cprintf("%d\t%d\t\trunning\t\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t\n",p->pid,p->priority,p->rtime,ticks-ticks,p->picked_by_scheduler,p->queue_number,p->ran_in_queue[0],p->ran_in_queue[1],p->ran_in_queue[2],p->ran_in_queue[3],p->ran_in_queue[4]);
    }
    else if(p->state==ZOMBIE){
      cprintf("%d\t%d\t\tzombie\t\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t\n",p->pid,p->priority,p->rtime,ticks-ticks,p->picked_by_scheduler,p->queue_number,p->ran_in_queue[0],p->ran_in_queue[1],p->ran_in_queue[2],p->ran_in_queue[3],p->ran_in_queue[4]);
    }
  }
  release(&ptable.lock);
  return 0;
}


void
pinit(void)
{
  initlock(&ptable.lock, "ptable");
}

// Must be called with interrupts disabled
int
cpuid() {
  return mycpu()-cpus;
}

// Must be called with interrupts disabled to avoid the caller being
// rescheduled between reading lapicid and running through the loop.
struct cpu*
mycpu(void)
{
  int apicid, i;
  
  if(readeflags()&FL_IF)
    panic("mycpu called with interrupts enabled\n");
  
  apicid = lapicid();
  // APIC IDs are not guaranteed to be contiguous. Maybe we should have
  // a reverse map, or reserve a register to store &cpus[i].
  for (i = 0; i < ncpu; ++i) {
    if (cpus[i].apicid == apicid)
      return &cpus[i];
  }
  panic("unknown apicid\n");
}

// Disable interrupts so that we are not rescheduled
// while reading proc from the cpu structure
struct proc*
myproc(void) {
  struct cpu *c;
  struct proc *p;
  pushcli();
  c = mycpu();
  p = c->proc;
  popcli();
  return p;
}

//PAGEBREAK: 32
// Look in the process table for an UNUSED proc.
// If found, change state to EMBRYO and initialize
// state required to run in the kernel.
// Otherwise return 0.
static struct proc*
allocproc(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  char *sp;

  acquire(&ptable.lock);

  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++)
    if(p->state == UNUSED)
      goto found;

  release(&ptable.lock);
  return 0;

found:
// set vaiables
  p->state = EMBRYO;
  p->ctime = ticks;
  p->rtime = 0;
  p->pid = nextpid++;
  p->sleep_time = 0;
  p->last_slept=-1;

  p->queue_number = 0;
  p->picked_by_scheduler=0;
  p->last_inserted=ticks;
  p->FCFS_flag=0;

  p->priority=60;
  for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    p->ran_in_queue[i]=0;
    p->ran_recently[i]=0;
  }
  // cprintf("Process:%d started at: %d\n",p->pid,p->ctime);

  release(&ptable.lock);

  // Allocate kernel stack.
  if((p->kstack = kalloc()) == 0){
    p->state = UNUSED;
    return 0;
  }
  sp = p->kstack + KSTACKSIZE;

  // Leave room for trap frame.
  sp -= sizeof *p->tf;
  p->tf = (struct trapframe*)sp;

  // Set up new context to start executing at forkret,
  // which returns to trapret.
  sp -= 4;
  *(uint*)sp = (uint)trapret;

  sp -= sizeof *p->context;
  p->context = (struct context*)sp;
  memset(p->context, 0, sizeof *p->context);
  p->context->eip = (uint)forkret;

  return p;
}

//PAGEBREAK: 32
// Set up first user process.
void
userinit(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  extern char _binary_initcode_start[], _binary_initcode_size[];

  p = allocproc();
  
  initproc = p;
  if((p->pgdir = setupkvm()) == 0)
    panic("userinit: out of memory?");
  inituvm(p->pgdir, _binary_initcode_start, (int)_binary_initcode_size);
  p->sz = PGSIZE;
  memset(p->tf, 0, sizeof(*p->tf));
  p->tf->cs = (SEG_UCODE << 3) | DPL_USER;
  p->tf->ds = (SEG_UDATA << 3) | DPL_USER;
  p->tf->es = p->tf->ds;
  p->tf->ss = p->tf->ds;
  p->tf->eflags = FL_IF;
  p->tf->esp = PGSIZE;
  p->tf->eip = 0;  // beginning of initcode.S

  safestrcpy(p->name, "initcode", sizeof(p->name));
  p->cwd = namei("/");

  // this assignment to p->state lets other cores
  // run this process. the acquire forces the above
  // writes to be visible, and the lock is also needed
  // because the assignment might not be atomic.
  acquire(&ptable.lock);

  p->state = RUNNABLE;

  release(&ptable.lock);
}

// Grow current process's memory by n bytes.
// Return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
int
growproc(int n)
{
  uint sz;
  struct proc *curproc = myproc();

  sz = curproc->sz;
  if(n > 0){
    if((sz = allocuvm(curproc->pgdir, sz, sz + n)) == 0)
      return -1;
  } else if(n < 0){
    if((sz = deallocuvm(curproc->pgdir, sz, sz + n)) == 0)
      return -1;
  }
  curproc->sz = sz;
  switchuvm(curproc);
  return 0;
}

// Create a new process copying p as the parent.
// Sets up stack to return as if from system call.
// Caller must set state of returned proc to RUNNABLE.
int
fork(void)
{
  int i, pid;
  struct proc *np;
  struct proc *curproc = myproc();

  // Allocate process.
  if((np = allocproc()) == 0){
    return -1;
  }

  // Copy process state from proc.
  if((np->pgdir = copyuvm(curproc->pgdir, curproc->sz)) == 0){
    kfree(np->kstack);
    np->kstack = 0;
    np->state = UNUSED;
    return -1;
  }
  np->sz = curproc->sz;
  np->parent = curproc;
  *np->tf = *curproc->tf;

  // Clear %eax so that fork returns 0 in the child.
  np->tf->eax = 0;

  for(i = 0; i < NOFILE; i++)
    if(curproc->ofile[i])
      np->ofile[i] = filedup(curproc->ofile[i]);
  np->cwd = idup(curproc->cwd);

  safestrcpy(np->name, curproc->name, sizeof(curproc->name));

  pid = np->pid;

  acquire(&ptable.lock);

  np->state = RUNNABLE;

  release(&ptable.lock);

  return pid;
}

// Exit the current process.  Does not return.
// An exited process remains in the zombie state
// until its parent calls wait() to find out it exited.
void
exit(void)
{
  struct proc *curproc = myproc();
  struct proc *p;
  int fd;

  if(curproc == initproc)
    panic("init exiting");

  // Close all open files.
  for(fd = 0; fd < NOFILE; fd++){
    if(curproc->ofile[fd]){
      fileclose(curproc->ofile[fd]);
      curproc->ofile[fd] = 0;
    }
  }

  begin_op();
  iput(curproc->cwd);
  end_op();
  curproc->cwd = 0;

  acquire(&ptable.lock);

  // Parent might be sleeping in wait().
  wakeup1(curproc->parent);

  // Pass abandoned children to init.
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->parent == curproc){
      p->parent = initproc;
      if(p->state == ZOMBIE)
        wakeup1(initproc);
    }
  }

  // Jump into the scheduler, never to return.
  curproc->state = ZOMBIE;
  curproc->etime = ticks;
  sched();
  panic("zombie exit");
}

// Wait for a child process to exit and return its pid.
// Return -1 if this process has no children.
int
wait(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  int havekids, pid;
  struct proc *curproc = myproc();
  
  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  for(;;){
    // Scan through table looking for exited children.
    havekids = 0;
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->parent != curproc)
        continue;
      havekids = 1;
      if(p->state == ZOMBIE){
        // Found one.
        pid = p->pid;
        kfree(p->kstack);
        p->kstack = 0;
        freevm(p->pgdir);
        p->pid = 0;
        p->parent = 0;
        p->name[0] = 0;
        p->killed = 0;
        p->state = UNUSED;
        release(&ptable.lock);
        return pid;
      }
    }

    // No point waiting if we don't have any children.
    if(!havekids || curproc->killed){
      release(&ptable.lock);
      return -1;
    }

    // Wait for children to exit.  (See wakeup1 call in proc_exit.)
    sleep(curproc, &ptable.lock);  //DOC: wait-sleep
  }
}

//PAGEBREAK: 42
// Per-CPU process scheduler.
// Each CPU calls scheduler() after setting itself up.
// Scheduler never returns.  It loops, doing:
//  - choose a process to run
//  - swtch to start running that process
//  - eventually that process transfers control
//      via swtch back to the scheduler.

/////////////// Multi-level feedback
#ifdef MLFQ
void
ageing(void){
  struct proc *p;
  // we decide that if the time waited is more than 4times the allotted  cpu cycle then it should be moved up
  int index = 4;
  int time_max_wait[5];
  for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    time_max_wait[i] = index;
    index*=2;
  }
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
      continue;
    int time = ticks - p->last_inserted;
    if(p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]==0 && p->queue_number>0){
      if(time>=time_max_wait[p->queue_number]){
        p->queue_number--;
      }
    }

  }
}


void
scheduler(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  struct proc *min_proc[5];
  struct cpu *c = mycpu();
  c->proc = 0;
  
  for(;;){
    // Enable interrupts on this processor.
    sti();

    int flag[5];
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
      flag[i]=0;
    }
    // this stores the value of the number of cpu cycles for each processor
    
    acquire(&ptable.lock);
    // we do ageing after we get the lock
    ageing();
    // before this we need to do updation of ran_recently and after that ageing
    // we doo updation of ran_recently in yeild
    // Loop over process table looking for process to run.
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
        continue;
      // flag =1;
      int queue = p->queue_number;
      if(flag[queue]==0){
        min_proc[queue] = p;
        flag[queue]=1;
      }
      else{
        // select process first added to the particular queue
        if(min_proc[queue]->last_inserted > p->last_inserted){
          min_proc[queue]=p;
        }
        // if both processes were added in the same clock cycle, then choose the  one with a higher ran_recently as it would be the one that was already running
        else if(min_proc[queue]->last_inserted == p->last_inserted){
          if(min_proc[queue]->ran_recently[queue] < p->ran_recently[queue]){
            min_proc[queue]=p;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    int final_flag = -1;
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
      if(flag[i]){
        final_flag=i;
        break;
      }
    }
    if(final_flag!=-1){

      // we check if any processes in queues below have a non zero cpu burst (i.e. they were runninig before this)
      for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
        if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
          continue;
        int queue = p->queue_number;
        if(queue>final_flag){
          if(p->ran_recently[queue]>0){
            p->ran_recently[queue]=0;
            p->last_inserted = ticks;
          }
        }
      }

      p = min_proc[final_flag];
      if(p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]==0){
        p->picked_by_scheduler++;
      }
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]++;
      p->ran_in_queue[p->queue_number]++;
      // Switch to chosen process.  It is the process's job
      // to release ptable.lock and then reacquire it
      // before jumping back to us.
      c->proc = p;
      switchuvm(p);
      p->state = RUNNING;

      swtch(&(c->scheduler), p->context);
      switchkvm();

      // Process is done running for now.
      // It should have changed its p->state before coming back.
      c->proc = 0;
    }
    release(&ptable.lock);

  }
}
#endif
/////////////// Multi-level feedback

/////////////// priority
int
set_priority(int new_priority, int pid){
  struct proc *p;
  int old_priority=-1;
  if(new_priority<0 || new_priority>100 ){
    return -1;
  }
  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->pid==pid){
      old_priority = p->priority;
      p->priority = new_priority;
    }
  }
  release(&ptable.lock);
  return old_priority;
}
#ifdef PBS


void
scheduler(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  struct proc *min_proc;
  struct cpu *c = mycpu();
  c->proc = 0;
  
  for(;;){
    // Enable interrupts on this processor.
    sti();

    // Loop over process table looking for process to run.
    acquire(&ptable.lock);
    int index = 0;
    int flag = 0;
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
        continue;
      flag =1;
      if(index==0){
        min_proc =p;
        index =1;
      }
      if(p->priority < min_proc->priority){
        min_proc = p;
      }
      // if(p->priority == min_proc->priority){
      //   if(p->ctime < min_proc->ctime){
      //     min_proc = p;
      //   }
      // }
    }
    if(flag){
      p = min_proc;
      p->picked_by_scheduler++;
      p->ran_in_queue[p->queue_number]++;
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]++;
      // Switch to chosen process.  It is the process's job
      // to release ptable.lock and then reacquire it
      // before jumping back to us.
      c->proc = p;
      switchuvm(p);
      p->state = RUNNING;

      swtch(&(c->scheduler), p->context);
      switchkvm();

      // Process is done running for now.
      // It should have changed its p->state before coming back.
      c->proc = 0;
    }
    release(&ptable.lock);

  }
}
#endif
/////////////// priority


////////// fcfs
#ifdef FCFS
void
scheduler(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  struct proc *min_proc;
  struct cpu *c = mycpu();
  c->proc = 0;
  
  for(;;){
    // Enable interrupts on this processor.
    sti();

    // Loop over process table looking for process to run.
    acquire(&ptable.lock);
    int index = 0;
    int flag = 0;
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
        continue;
      flag =1;
      if(index==0){
        min_proc =p;
        index =1;
      }
      if(p->ctime < min_proc->ctime){
        min_proc = p;
      }
      if(p->ctime == min_proc->ctime){
        if(p->FCFS_flag==1){
          min_proc = p;
        }
      }
    }
    if(flag){
      p = min_proc;
      if(p->FCFS_flag==0){
        p->picked_by_scheduler++;
        p->FCFS_flag=1;
      }
      p->ran_in_queue[p->queue_number]++;
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]++;
      // Switch to chosen process.  It is the process's job
      // to release ptable.lock and then reacquire it
      // before jumping back to us.
      c->proc = p;
      switchuvm(p);
      p->state = RUNNING;

      swtch(&(c->scheduler), p->context);
      switchkvm();

      // Process is done running for now.
      // It should have changed its p->state before coming back.
      c->proc = 0;
    }
    release(&ptable.lock);

  }
}
#endif
////////// fcfs

//////////// orginal
#ifdef RR
void
scheduler(void)
{
  struct proc *p;
  struct cpu *c = mycpu();
  c->proc = 0;
  
  for(;;){
    // Enable interrupts on this processor.
    sti();

    // Loop over process table looking for process to run.
    acquire(&ptable.lock);
    for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
      if(p->state != RUNNABLE)
        continue;

      // Switch to chosen process.  It is the process's job
      // to release ptable.lock and then reacquire it
      // before jumping back to us.
      c->proc = p;
      p->ran_in_queue[p->queue_number]++;
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]++;
      p->picked_by_scheduler++;
      switchuvm(p);
      p->state = RUNNING;
      swtch(&(c->scheduler), p->context);
      switchkvm();

      // Process is done running for now.
      // It should have changed its p->state before coming back.
      c->proc = 0;
    }
    release(&ptable.lock);

  }
}
#endif
//////////// orginal
// Enter scheduler.  Must hold only ptable.lock
// and have changed proc->state. Saves and restores
// intena because intena is a property of this
// kernel thread, not this CPU. It should
// be proc->intena and proc->ncli, but that would
// break in the few places where a lock is held but
// there's no process.
void
sched(void)
{
  int intena;
  struct proc *p = myproc();

  if(!holding(&ptable.lock))
    panic("sched ptable.lock");
  if(mycpu()->ncli != 1)
    panic("sched locks");
  if(p->state == RUNNING)
    panic("sched running");
  if(readeflags()&FL_IF)
    panic("sched interruptible");
  intena = mycpu()->intena;
  swtch(&p->context, mycpu()->scheduler);
  mycpu()->intena = intena;
}

// Give up the CPU for one scheduling round.
void
yield(void)
{
  acquire(&ptable.lock);  //DOC: yieldlock
  myproc()->state = RUNNABLE;
  sched();
  release(&ptable.lock);
}

int
update_ticks(void){
  /////////////// Multi-level feedback
  int index =1;
  int wait[5];
  for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    wait[i]=index;
    index*=2;
  }
  /////////////// Multi-level feedback
  struct proc* p;
  acquire(&ptable.lock);  //DOC: yieldlock
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){

    if(p->state!=RUNNING){
      continue;
    }
    p->rtime++;

    /////////////// Multi-level feedback


    // p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]++;
    
    if(p->ran_recently[p->queue_number] >= wait[p->queue_number]){
      // set it to zero, and then update last_inserted to say that it has been newly inserted
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]=0;
      #ifdef MLFQ
      if(p->queue_number<4){
        p->queue_number++;
      }
      #endif
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]=0;
      p->last_inserted = ticks;
    }
    /////////////// Multi-level feedback
  }
  
  release(&ptable.lock);
  return 0;
}

// A fork child's very first scheduling by scheduler()
// will swtch here.  "Return" to user space.
void
forkret(void)
{
  static int first = 1;
  // Still holding ptable.lock from scheduler.
  release(&ptable.lock);

  if (first) {
    // Some initialization functions must be run in the context
    // of a regular process (e.g., they call sleep), and thus cannot
    // be run from main().
    first = 0;
    iinit(ROOTDEV);
    initlog(ROOTDEV);
  }

  // Return to "caller", actually trapret (see allocproc).
}

// Atomically release lock and sleep on chan.
// Reacquires lock when awakened.
void
sleep(void *chan, struct spinlock *lk)
{
  struct proc *p = myproc();
  
  if(p == 0)
    panic("sleep");

  if(lk == 0)
    panic("sleep without lk");

  // Must acquire ptable.lock in order to
  // change p->state and then call sched.
  // Once we hold ptable.lock, we can be
  // guaranteed that we won't miss any wakeup
  // (wakeup runs with ptable.lock locked),
  // so it's okay to release lk.
  if(lk != &ptable.lock){  //DOC: sleeplock0
    acquire(&ptable.lock);  //DOC: sleeplock1
    release(lk);
  }
  // Go to sleep.
  p->chan = chan;
  p->state = SLEEPING;
  p->last_slept = ticks;
  p->FCFS_flag=0;

  sched();

  // Tidy up.
  p->chan = 0;

  // Reacquire original lock.
  if(lk != &ptable.lock){  //DOC: sleeplock2
    release(&ptable.lock);
    acquire(lk);
  }
}

//PAGEBREAK!
// Wake up all processes sleeping on chan.
// The ptable lock must be held.
static void
wakeup1(void *chan)
{
  struct proc *p;

  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++)
    if(p->state == SLEEPING && p->chan == chan){
      p->state = RUNNABLE;
      p->sleep_time += ticks - p->last_slept;
      // set it to zero, and then update last_inserted to say that it has been newly inserted
      /////////////// Multi-level feedback
      p->ran_recently[p->queue_number]=0;
      p->last_inserted = ticks;
      /////////////// Multi-level feedback
    }
}

// Wake up all processes sleeping on chan.
void
wakeup(void *chan)
{
  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  wakeup1(chan);
  release(&ptable.lock);
}

// Kill the process with the given pid.
// Process won't exit until it returns
// to user space (see trap in trap.c).
int
kill(int pid)
{
  struct proc *p;

  acquire(&ptable.lock);
  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->pid == pid){
      p->killed = 1;
      // Wake process from sleep if necessary.
      if(p->state == SLEEPING)
        p->state = RUNNABLE;
      release(&ptable.lock);
      return 0;
    }
  }
  release(&ptable.lock);
  return -1;
}

//PAGEBREAK: 36
// Print a process listing to console.  For debugging.
// Runs when user types ^P on console.
// No lock to avoid wedging a stuck machine further.
void
procdump(void)
{
  static char *states[] = {
  [UNUSED]    "unused",
  [EMBRYO]    "embryo",
  [SLEEPING]  "sleep ",
  [RUNNABLE]  "runble",
  [RUNNING]   "run   ",
  [ZOMBIE]    "zombie"
  };
  int i;
  struct proc *p;
  char *state;
  uint pc[10];

  for(p = ptable.proc; p < &ptable.proc[NPROC]; p++){
    if(p->state == UNUSED)
      continue;
    if(p->state >= 0 && p->state < NELEM(states) && states[p->state])
      state = states[p->state];
    else
      state = "???";
    cprintf("%d %s %s", p->pid, state, p->name);
    if(p->state == SLEEPING){
      getcallerpcs((uint*)p->context->ebp+2, pc);
      for(i=0; i<10 && pc[i] != 0; i++)
        cprintf(" %p", pc[i]);
    }
    cprintf("\n");
  }
}