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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title>UoCat</title>
<subtitle>热烈的活在此刻</subtitle>
<link href="https://uocat.com/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="https://uocat.com/"/>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<id>https://uocat.com/</id>
<author>
<name>tqcq</name>
</author>
<generator uri="https://hexo.io/">Hexo</generator>
<entry>
<title>异星工厂 - 无符号位移</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/3d6/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/3d6/</id>
<published>2023-09-04T15:50:56.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-无符号位移原理"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-无符号位移原理">¶</a>1.1 无符号位移原理</h2><h3 id="1-1-1-背景"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-背景">¶</a>1.1.1 背景</h3><p>异星工厂中的<code>算数运算器</code>只提供了<code>有符号位移</code> (sar)，但是想要造一个高性能计算机需要实现<code>无符号位移</code> (shr)。</p><h3 id="1-1-2-sar-实现-shr-的原理"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-sar-实现-shr-的原理">¶</a>1.1.2 <code>sar</code> 实现 <code>shr</code> 的原理</h3><p>实现<code>无符号右移</code>有几个目标：</p><ul><li>高效：运算在 1 tick 以内（也就是说，和有符号位移速度一样快）</li><li>简单：不需要太多的电路，这样才能保证计算机小巧。</li><li>支持 32bit: 这样才能实现 32bit 计算机</li></ul><p>首先，我们来看看<code>有符号右移</code>的原理：</p><table><thead><tr><th>有符号右移</th><th>说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> x >= 0</td><td> 此时，<code>sar</code> 和 <code>shr</code> 的结果一致</td></tr><tr><td> x < 0</td><td> 此时，<code>sar</code> 和 <code>shr</code> 的结果不一致，可以对比下面两张图 </td></tr></tbody></table><p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/749b6e6f57ae7f510f18578ab2681579.jpg" alt="shr" loading="lazy"></p><p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/fbd00634d2193cdc761cdbc8338a44cc.jpg" alt="sar" loading="lazy"></p><h3 id="1-1-3-实现负数的-无符号右移-shr"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-3-实现负数的-无符号右移-shr">¶</a>1.1.3 实现负数的 <code>无符号右移</code> (<code>shr</code>)</h3><p>异星工厂中的算数运算器是 32-bit 有符号整数，我们利用加法溢出可以移除负数的最高位。</p><p>其中算数运算器的处理过程如下：</p><blockquote><p>注意输出侧会有一次求和，可以利用这次求和让符号位溢出</p></blockquote><p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/ec99d2580e533848add5f96b3ae392f6.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><blockquote><p> 现在我们通过设置 红色信号 A 为 0x8000000 = -2147483648，就可以实现将绿色信号中 A 的符号为移除的效果。</p></blockquote><h4 id="1-1-3-1-移位修正"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-3-1-移位修正">¶</a>1.1.3.1 移位修正</h4><div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">例子</p><p>我们用 16bit 有符号距离感，假设有一个 16-bit 数字右移 8 位分为有符号和无符号两种讨论 A>>>8 的计算方法</p></div><p>将 A 设置为 0x8000000 之后，实现了下面的变换：</p><ul><li>1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 0xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx</li><li>0xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx</li></ul><p>移位之后有：</p><ul><li>1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 0xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 0000 0000 0xxx xxxx</li><li>0xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -> 1111 1111 1xxx xxxx</li></ul><p>这里非常接近我们需要的结果，因为我们只需要在最后两个数字的第 8 位加一个 1，就可以得到需要的结果：</p><ul><li>0000 0000 0xxx xxxx + 0000 0000 1000 0000 -> 0000 0000 1xxx xxxx</li><li>1111 1111 1xxx xxxx + 0000 0000 1000 0000 -> 0000 0000 0xxx xxxx</li></ul><blockquote><p>这里我们可以设置另外两个变量 X, Y<br>其中 X = Y = 0100 0000 0000 0000</p><p>当 A 为负数时，X，Y 会进位，替代被溢出丢失的符号位<br>当 A 位正数时，X，Y 会进位，但是这时是和我们设置的常量 0x80000000 求和溢出，X + Y + 0x8000000 = 0</p></blockquote><p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/68d06be109a382a0f6405eb5186a4ca5.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h3 id="1-1-4-当移位-31-位时"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-4-当移位-31-位时">¶</a>1.1.4 当移位 31 位时</h3><p>移位 31 位时，我们发现 X 和 Y 在求和之前都已经成为 0，无法进位抵消 A 的符号位，因此需要特判 B == 31 时，输出一个 A = 1 进行修正。</p><p>至此我们已经实现了一个 1 tick 的 shr 运算单元。</p><p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/b9cf6d41101ad11ee4b024798d308121.jpg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="1-2-无符号右移-shr-蓝图"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-无符号右移-shr-蓝图">¶</a>1.2 无符号右移 shr 蓝图</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">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</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-无符号位移原理"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-无符号位移原理">¶</a>1.1 无符号位移原理</h2>
<h3 id="1-1-1-背景"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-背景">¶</a>1.1.1 背景</h3>
<p>异星工厂中的<code>算数运算器</code>只提供了<code>有符号位移</code> (sar)，但是想要造一个高性能计算机需要实现<code>无符号位移</code> (shr)。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-2-sar-实现-shr-的原理"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-sar-实现-shr-的原理">¶</a>1.1.2 <code>sar</code> 实现 <code>shr</code> 的原理</h3>
<p>实现<code>无符号右移</code>有几个目标：</p>
<ul>
<li>高效：运算在 1 tick 以内（也就是说，和有符号位移速度一样快）</li>
<li>简单：不需要太多的电路，这样才能保证计算机小巧。</li>
<li>支持 32bit: 这样才能实现 32bit 计算机</li>
</ul>
<p>首先，我们来看看<code>有符号右移</code>的原理：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>有符号右移</th>
<th>说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td> x &gt;= 0</td>
<td> 此时，<code>sar</code> 和 <code>shr</code> 的结果一致</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> x &lt; 0</td>
<td> 此时，<code>sar</code> 和 <code>shr</code> 的结果不一致，可以对比下面两张图 </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><img src="https://uocat.com/images/749b6e6f57ae7f510f18578ab2681579.jpg" alt="shr" loading="lazy"></p></summary>
<category term="Game" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Game/"/>
<category term="Factorio, 异星工厂, 无符号位移, shr" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/Factorio-%E5%BC%82%E6%98%9F%E5%B7%A5%E5%8E%82-%E6%97%A0%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7%E4%BD%8D%E7%A7%BB-shr/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>git commit 签名</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/efdc/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/efdc/</id>
<published>2023-08-07T10:12:51.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-创建自己的-GPG-密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-创建自己的-GPG-密钥">¶</a>1.1 创建自己的 GPG 密钥</h2><p>执行一下命令选择加密算法，并完善相关信息。</p><div class="admonition todo"><p class="admonition-title">步骤简介</p><ol><li>选择加密算法 (RSA 签名)</li><li> 设置密钥长度 (4096)</li><li> 设置密钥有效期 (1y)，这是确保安全的最后防线</li><li>设置用户姓名、邮箱、注释（最好不要用常用邮箱，避免垃圾邮件骚扰）</li></ol></div><h3 id="1-1-1-运行-gpg-开始生成密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-运行-gpg-开始生成密钥">¶</a>1.1.1 运行 gpg 开始生成密钥</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg --full-generate-key</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>输出如下，这里选择 4</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg (GnuPG) 2.2.27; Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span><br><span class="line">This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.</span><br><span class="line">There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Please <span class="keyword">select</span> what kind of key you want:</span><br><span class="line"> (1) RSA and RSA (default)</span><br><span class="line"> (2) DSA and Elgamal</span><br><span class="line"> (3) DSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (4) RSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (14) Existing key from card</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>这里我们生成的是主密钥，只负责分发子密钥，因此只需要具有签名功能即可<br>这里我选择 4. RSA，有如下几个原因</p><ul><li>RSA 久经验证，是行业标准。</li><li>相关研究认为更长的 RSA，参考此论文: <a href="https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1018.pdf">A RIDDLE WRAPPED IN AN ENIGMA</a>。</li><li>RSA 在各个平台上都有很好的支持。</li></ul></blockquote><h3 id="1-1-2-设置密钥长度"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-设置密钥长度">¶</a>1.1.2 设置密钥长度</h3><p>现在计算机性能都不差，可以选择 4096 位的密钥长度，这样可以更好的保护你的密钥。</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.</span><br><span class="line">What keysize <span class="keyword">do</span> you want? (3072)</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-1-3-设置过期时常"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-3-设置过期时常">¶</a>1.1.3 设置过期时常</h3><p>这里非常推荐设置一个过期时长，避免密钥被盗用，一般设置为 1 年。</p><blockquote><p>这里我们输入 <code>1y</code>，表示 1 年后过期。<br>如果有更高的安全需求，可以设置更短的过期时间。<br>即将过期的时候，可以通过 <code>gpg --edit-key <key-id></code> 命令来延长密钥的有效期。</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Requested keysize is 4096 bits</span><br><span class="line">Please specify how long the key should be valid.</span><br><span class="line"> 0 = key does not expire</span><br><span class="line"> <n> = key expires <span class="keyword">in</span> n days</span><br><span class="line"> <n>w = key expires <span class="keyword">in</span> n weeks</span><br><span class="line"> <n>m = key expires <span class="keyword">in</span> n months</span><br><span class="line"> <n>y = key expires <span class="keyword">in</span> n years</span><br><span class="line">Key is valid <span class="keyword">for</span>? (0)</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-1-4-接下来输入身份信息"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-4-接下来输入身份信息">¶</a>1.1.4 接下来输入身份信息</h3><p>从略</p><h3 id="1-1-5-为主密钥设定密码"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-5-为主密钥设定密码">¶</a>1.1.5 为主密钥设定密码</h3><p>这一步应该设定一个强度高的密码。</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk</span><br><span class="line">x Please enter the passphrase to x</span><br><span class="line">x protect your new key x</span><br><span class="line">x x</span><br><span class="line">x Passphrase: ________________________________________ x</span><br><span class="line">x x</span><br><span class="line">x <OK> <Cancel> x</span><br><span class="line">mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-1-6-完成创建"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-6-完成创建">¶</a>1.1.6 完成创建</h3><div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">主密钥成就解锁</p><p>恭喜你，走到这一步已经获得了一个主密钥。</p></div><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">生成一个用于此用途的子密钥。</span><br><span class="line">pub rsa4096 2023-08-07 [SC] [expires：2024-08-06]</span><br><span class="line"> AC27EFC2205EE9272D6B87F8DD6E204C56810DCB</span><br><span class="line">uid tqcq <[email protected]></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h2 id="1-2-签发子密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-签发子密钥">¶</a>1.2 签发子密钥</h2><h3 id="1-2-1-首先进入gpg的交互模式"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-1-首先进入gpg的交互模式">¶</a>1.2.1 首先进入 gpg 的交互模式</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg --edit-key tqcq</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-2-2-添加子密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-2-添加子密钥">¶</a>1.2.2 添加子密钥</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 这里的 gpg> 是 gpg 的交互模式提示符，不需要输入</span></span><br><span class="line">gpg> addkey</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-2-3-选择子密钥类型"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-3-选择子密钥类型">¶</a>1.2.3 选择子密钥类型</h3><p>这里选择 10 即可，ECC 兼顾速度和安全性</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Please <span class="keyword">select</span> what kind of key you want:</span><br><span class="line"> (3) DSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (4) RSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (5) Elgamal (encrypt only)</span><br><span class="line"> (6) RSA (encrypt only)</span><br><span class="line"> (7) DSA (<span class="built_in">set</span> your own capabilities)</span><br><span class="line"> (8) RSA (<span class="built_in">set</span> your own capabilities)</span><br><span class="line"> (10) ECC (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (11) ECC (<span class="built_in">set</span> your own capabilities)</span><br><span class="line"> (12) ECC (encrypt only)</span><br><span class="line"> (13) Existing key</span><br><span class="line">Your selection? 10</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-2-4-选择子密钥算法"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-4-选择子密钥算法">¶</a>1.2.4 选择子密钥算法</h3><div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">注意</p><p>NIST、Brainpool、secp256k1 具有一些安全隐患，不推荐使用。</p></div><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Please <span class="keyword">select</span> <span class="built_in">which</span> elliptic curve you want:</span><br><span class="line"> (1) Curve 25519 *default*</span><br><span class="line"> (2) Curve 448</span><br><span class="line"> (3) NIST P-256</span><br><span class="line"> (4) NIST P-384</span><br><span class="line"> (5) NIST P-521</span><br><span class="line"> (6) Brainpool P-256</span><br><span class="line"> (7) Brainpool P-384</span><br><span class="line"> (8) Brainpool P-512</span><br><span class="line"> (9) secp256k1</span><br><span class="line">Your selection? 1</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>设定过期时间即可生成子密钥</p></blockquote><h2 id="1-3-设置-git-签名"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-设置-git-签名">¶</a>1.3 设置 git 签名</h2><h3 id="1-3-1-本地-git-签名设置"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-1-本地-git-签名设置">¶</a>1.3.1 本地 git 签名设置</h3><p>这里我们用子密钥来签名</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 查看子密钥的 keyid</span></span><br><span class="line">gpg --list-keys --keyid-format=long </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## git 设置签名密钥</span></span><br><span class="line">git config --global user.signingkey <sub-key-id></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 设置每次commit自动签名</span></span><br><span class="line">git config --global commit.gpgsign <span class="literal">true</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-3-2-Github-公钥设置"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-2-Github-公钥设置">¶</a>1.3.2 Github 公钥设置</h3><p>首先导出你的公钥，用于验证签名</p><blockquote><p>这里 --armor 导出公钥为 ASCII 格式</p></blockquote><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg --armor --<span class="built_in">export</span> <sub-key-id></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><ul><li>点击这里添加你的 Github 公钥: <a href="https://github.com/settings/gpg/new">https://github.com/settings/gpg/new</a></li></ul><p>添加完成后，你的提交就会被标记为 <code>Verified</code>。</p><div class="admonition error"><p class="admonition-title">注意</p><p>如果签名失败，请在环境变量中指定 <code>GPG_TTY</code>, 具体原因参考 <sup id="fnref:2"><a href="#fn:2" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="[gpg: signing failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device macOS](https://gist.github.com/repodevs/a18c7bb42b2ab293155aca889d447f1b)">[2]</span></a></sup>。</p><p><code>export GPG_TTY=$(tty)</code></p></div><h2 id="1-4-常用-GPG-命令"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-4-常用-GPG-命令">¶</a>1.4 常用 GPG 命令</h2><p>列出所有密钥: <code>gpg --list-keys</code></p><h2 id="1-5-参考资料"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-5-参考资料">¶</a>1.5 参考资料</h2><div id="footnotes"><hr><div id="footnotelist"><ol style="list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-left: 40px"><li id="fn:1"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-right: 10px; margin-left: -40px">1.</span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://idawnlight.com/2022/gpg-key-rotation-notes/">GPG 密钥轮换小记</a><a href="#fnref:1" rev="footnote"> ↩</a></span></li><li id="fn:2"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-right: 10px; margin-left: -40px">2.</span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://gist.github.com/repodevs/a18c7bb42b2ab293155aca889d447f1b">gpg: signing failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device macOS</a><a href="#fnref:2" rev="footnote"> ↩</a></span></li></ol></div></div>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-创建自己的-GPG-密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-创建自己的-GPG-密钥">¶</a>1.1 创建自己的 GPG 密钥</h2>
<p>执行一下命令选择加密算法，并完善相关信息。</p>
<div class="admonition todo"><p class="admonition-title">步骤简介
</p><ol>
<li>选择加密算法 (RSA 签名)</li>
<li> 设置密钥长度 (4096)</li>
<li> 设置密钥有效期 (1y)，这是确保安全的最后防线</li>
<li>设置用户姓名、邮箱、注释（最好不要用常用邮箱，避免垃圾邮件骚扰）</li>
</ol>
</div>
<h3 id="1-1-1-运行-gpg-开始生成密钥"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-运行-gpg-开始生成密钥">¶</a>1.1.1 运行 gpg 开始生成密钥</h3>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg --full-generate-key</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>输出如下，这里选择 4</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gpg (GnuPG) 2.2.27; Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span><br><span class="line">This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.</span><br><span class="line">There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Please <span class="keyword">select</span> what kind of key you want:</span><br><span class="line"> (1) RSA and RSA (default)</span><br><span class="line"> (2) DSA and Elgamal</span><br><span class="line"> (3) DSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (4) RSA (sign only)</span><br><span class="line"> (14) Existing key from card</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>这里我们生成的是主密钥，只负责分发子密钥，因此只需要具有签名功能即可<br>
这里我选择 4. RSA，有如下几个原因</p>
<ul>
<li>RSA 久经验证，是行业标准。</li>
<li>相关研究认为更长的 RSA，参考此论文: <a href="https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1018.pdf">A RIDDLE WRAPPED IN AN ENIGMA</a>。</li>
<li>RSA 在各个平台上都有很好的支持。</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1-1-2-设置密钥长度"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-设置密钥长度">¶</a>1.1.2 设置密钥长度</h3></summary>
<category term="Tool" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Tool/"/>
<category term="gpg" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/gpg/"/>
<category term="signing-commits" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/signing-commits/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>chrome-allow-devonthink</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/222f/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/222f/</id>
<published>2023-08-07T01:56:15.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-取消Chrome中打开Devonthink的弹窗"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-取消Chrome中打开Devonthink的弹窗">¶</a>1.1 取消 Chrome 中打开 Devonthink 的弹窗</h2><p>我在使用 Devonthink 的时候，经常会遇到一个问题，就是在 Chrome 中点击 Devonthink 的链接，会弹出一个提示框，让我选择是否允许打开 Devonthink。</p><h3 id="1-1-1-原因"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-原因">¶</a>1.1.1 原因</h3><pre><code>出现这个问题的原因参见是Chrome商业版策略设置，对不信任的协议进行弹窗提示。</code></pre><blockquote><p>参见 <a href="https://chromeenterprise.google/policies/?policy=URLAllowlist">URLAllowlist</a></p></blockquote><h3 id="1-1-2-解决方案"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-解决方案">¶</a>1.1.2 解决方案</h3><pre><code>在 Mac 的 URLAllowlist 中添加要允许的协议即可，对DEVONThink其协议为 `x-devonthink://*`，所以在Mac中执行以下命令即可解决问题。</code></pre><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">## Mac</span></span><br><span class="line">defaults write com.google.Chrome URLAllowlist -array-add <span class="string">'x-devonthink://*'</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>Linux 的配置方案参考 StackOverflow 问答:<br><a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/1324149/how-to-configure-policies-preferences-for-chromium">how-to-configure-policies-preferences-for-chromium</a></p></blockquote>]]></content>
<summary type="html">disable the chrome alert when open devonthink</summary>
<category term="Tool" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Tool/"/>
<category term="devonthink" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/devonthink/"/>
<category term="chrome" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/chrome/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>top-password-2023</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/606a/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/606a/</id>
<published>2023-08-06T02:44:36.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html">< --><figure class="highlight txt"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> Mon Nov 13 01:13:50 PM UTC 2023</span><br><span class="line"> ┌ ┐</span><br><span class="line"> 123456 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 2022.0</span><br><span class="line"> 1234 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 1118.0</span><br><span class="line"> admin ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 954.0</span><br><span class="line"> root ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 918.0</span><br><span class="line"> 123 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 818.0</span><br><span class="line"> test ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■ 745.0</span><br><span class="line"> 12345 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■ 743.0</span><br><span class="line">password ┤■■■■■■■■■■■ 701.0</span><br><span class="line"> toor ┤■■■■■■■■■■ 602.0</span><br><span class="line"> qwerty ┤■■■■■■■■■ 567.0</span><br><span class="line"> └ ┘</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h2 id="1-2-Generate-command"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-Generate-command">¶</a>1.2 Generate command</h2><p>执行如下命令即可生成上述图表。</p><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">grep <span class="string">'authentication for user.*with password'</span> log.txt | \</span><br><span class="line"> awk <span class="string">'{print $10}'</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sort</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">uniq</span> -c | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sort</span> -nrk1 | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">head</span> -n10 | \</span><br><span class="line"> awk <span class="string">'{print $2, $1}'</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> uplot bar -d <span class="string">' '</span> -t <span class="string">"`date`"</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>uplot 是一个开源命令行绘图工具，参见此链接 <a href="https://github.com/red-data-tools/YouPlot">YouPlot</a></p></blockquote>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-TopPassword-2023"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-TopPassword-2023">¶</a>1.1 TopPassword 2023</h2>
<p>收集了我的服务器在线期间被扫描的 <code>Top10</code> 密码，仅供参考。</p>
<!--  -->
<figure class="highlight txt"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> Mon Nov 13 01:13:50 PM UTC 2023</span><br><span class="line"> ┌ ┐</span><br><span class="line"> 123456 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 2022.0</span><br><span class="line"> 1234 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 1118.0</span><br><span class="line"> admin ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 954.0</span><br><span class="line"> root ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 918.0</span><br><span class="line"> 123 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 818.0</span><br><span class="line"> test ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■ 745.0</span><br><span class="line"> 12345 ┤■■■■■■■■■■■■ 743.0</span><br><span class="line">password ┤■■■■■■■■■■■ 701.0</span><br><span class="line"> toor ┤■■■■■■■■■■ 602.0</span><br><span class="line"> qwerty ┤■■■■■■■■■ 567.0</span><br><span class="line"> └ ┘</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<h2 id="1-2-Generate-command"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-Generate-command">¶</a>1.2 Generate command</h2>
<p>执行如下命令即可生成上述图表。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">grep <span class="string">'authentication for user.*with password'</span> log.txt | \</span><br><span class="line"> awk <span class="string">'{print $10}'</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sort</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">uniq</span> -c | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sort</span> -nrk1 | \</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">head</span> -n10 | \</span><br><span class="line"> awk <span class="string">'{print $2, $1}'</span> | \</span><br><span class="line"> uplot bar -d <span class="string">' '</span> -t <span class="string">"`date`"</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>uplot 是一个开源命令行绘图工具，参见此链接 <a href="https://github.com/red-data-tools/YouPlot">YouPlot</a></p>
</blockquote>
</summary>
<category term="Informantion" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Informantion/"/>
<category term="top-password" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/top-password/"/>
<category term="2023" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/2023/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Docker 常见问题</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/5954/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/5954/</id>
<published>2023-07-24T21:40:29.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-Docer-常见问题"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-Docer-常见问题">¶</a>1.1 >> Docer 常见问题</h2><h3 id="1-1-1-CI-CD-如何利用已有-Image-缓存"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-CI-CD-如何利用已有-Image-缓存">¶</a>1.1.1 CI/CD 如何利用已有 Image 缓存</h3><p><strong>背景</strong>: 在流水线构建中，每次都可能是一个新的环境，想要利用已有镜像的缓存</p><div class="admonition todo"><p class="admonition-title">解决方案</p><p>通过每次拉取相关镜像，并指定将其作为缓存即可，同时减小 push 的大小。</p></div><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull <span class="variable">$BASE_IMAGE</span>` || <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"no image"</span></span><br><span class="line">docker build --cache-from <span class="variable">$BASE_IMAGE</span> -t mytag</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-Docer-常见问题"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-Docer-常见问题">¶</a>1.1 &gt;&gt; Docer 常见问题</h2>
<h3 id="1-1-1-CI-CD-如何利用已有-Image-缓存"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-CI-CD-如何利用已有-Image-缓存">¶</a>1.1.1 CI/CD 如何利用已有 Image 缓存</h3>
<p><strong>背景</strong>: 在流水线构建中，每次都可能是一个新的环境，想要利用已有镜像的缓存</p>
<div class="admonition todo"><p class="admonition-title">解决方案
</p><p>通过每次拉取相关镜像，并指定将其作为缓存即可，同时减小 push 的大小。</p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker pull <span class="variable">$BASE_IMAGE</span>` || <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">"no image"</span></span><br><span class="line">docker build --cache-from <span class="variable">$BASE_IMAGE</span> -t mytag</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</summary>
<category term="IT" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/IT/"/>
<category term="Tool" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/IT/Tool/"/>
<category term="docker" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/docker/"/>
<category term="cache" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/cache/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ResilioSync Pro Key</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/3675/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/3675/</id>
<published>2023-07-23T05:58:25.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-这是一个-ResilioSync-的-Pro-许可证"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-这是一个-ResilioSync-的-Pro-许可证">¶</a>1.1 这是一个 ResilioSync 的 Pro 许可证</h2><div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">提供文件的 MD5 如下</p><p>faf812f3cc2de8988ccb310bad30a145</p></div><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 拷贝执行下面的代码即可在当前目录生成许可证</span></span><br><span class="line">ResilioSyncProKey=<span class="string">"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"</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="variable">$ResilioSyncProKey</span> | <span class="built_in">base64</span> -d > ResilioSyncPro.btskey</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-这是一个-ResilioSync-的-Pro-许可证"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-这是一个-ResilioSync-的-Pro-许可证">¶</a>1.1 这是一个 ResilioSync 的 Pro 许可证</h2>
<div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">提供文件的 MD5 如下
</p><p>faf812f3cc2de8988ccb310bad30a145</p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 拷贝执行下面的代码即可在当前目录生成许可证</span></span><br><span class="line">ResilioSyncProKey=<span class="string">"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"</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="variable">$ResilioSyncProKey</span> | <span class="built_in">base64</span> -d &gt; ResilioSyncPro.btskey</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
</summary>
<category term="License" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/License/"/>
<category term="resiliosync" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/resiliosync/"/>
<category term="btsync" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/btsync/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>epoll - 基本使用和细节</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/f84b/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/f84b/</id>
<published>2023-07-22T01:48:19.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><">[1]</span></a></sup></p><table><thead><tr><th> 事件</th><th>简介</th><th>补充</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> EPOLLIN</td><td> 文件描述符可读。</td><td>当有数据可读时触发该事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLPRI</td><td> 有紧急数据可读。</td><td>用于处理带外数据（out-of-band data）或优先级数据。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLOUT</td><td> 文件描述符可写。</td><td>当可以写入数据时触发该事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLRDNORM</td><td> 有普通数据可读。</td><td>类似于 EPOLLIN，用于读取操作。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLRDBAND</td><td> 有带外数据可读。</td><td>类似于 EPOLLPRI，用于处理带外数据。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLWRNORM</td><td> 可写入普通数据。</td><td>类似于 EPOLLOUT，用于写入操作。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLWRBAND</td><td> 可写入带外数据。</td><td>通常情况下不使用此事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLMSG</td><td> 有消息数据可读。</td><td>通常情况下不使用此事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLERR</td><td> 文件描述符发生错误。</td><td>当文件描述符发生错误时触发该事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLHUP</td><td> 文件描述符挂起。</td><td>当文件描述符的连接关闭时触发该事件。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLRDHUP</td><td> 文件描述符被远程关闭连接或半关闭连接。</td><td>在较新的内核版本中使用，旧版本使用 EPOLLHUP 来表示。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLEXCLUSIVE</td><td> 独占模式。</td><td>用于实现边缘触发（Edge Triggered）。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLWAKEUP</td><td> 唤醒等待的线程。</td><td>用于唤醒被 epoll_wait 阻塞的线程。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLONESHOT</td><td> 单次事件监听。</td><td>事件触发后需要重新添加到 epoll 集合中。</td></tr><tr><td>EPOLLET</td><td> 边缘触发模式。</td><td>边缘触发模式仅在文件描述符状态变化时通知一次，与水平触发模式不同。</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">warning</p><p><code>EPOLLEXCLUSIVE</code>: 可以用于<strong>缓解</strong>多进程共享的 socket 惊群问题。但是同一进程两次 epoll_wait 之间，如果有新的连接到来并被其他进程处理，当前进程仍旧会被唤醒。<sup id="fnref:2"><a href="#fn:2" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="[探索惊群 ⑤ - nginx - NGX_EXCLUSIVE_EVENT](https://wenfh2020.com/2021/10/11/thundering-herd-nginx-epollexclusive/)">[2]</span></a></sup> <img src="https://uocat.com/images/7be7684c59893530743e1d322a105983.jpg" alt="epoll_image_1"></p></div><h2 id="1-3-epoll-相关函数"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-epoll-相关函数">¶</a>1.3 epoll 相关函数</h2><p>epoll 在 kernel-6.4.1 中有 6 个函数，如下所示</p><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_create</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __size)</span> __THROW</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_create1</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 相比 epoll_create，增加了flags参数</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_ctl</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __epfd, <span class="type">int</span> __op, <span class="type">int</span> __fd,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params"><span class="function"> <span class="keyword">struct</span> epoll_event *__event)</span> __THROW</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_wait</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __epfd, <span class="keyword">struct</span> epoll_event *__events,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params"><span class="function"> <span class="type">int</span> __maxevents, <span class="type">int</span> __timeout)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_pwait</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 可以设置阻塞过程中忽略的信号，防止被打断</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_pwait2</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 相比 epoll_wait 增加了超时控制</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-3-1-基本操作"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-1-基本操作">¶</a>1.3.1 基本操作</h3><h4 id="1-3-1-1-创建一个-epoll-实例"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-1-1-创建一个-epoll-实例">¶</a>1.3.1.1 创建一个 <code>epoll</code> 实例:</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// #include <sys/epoll.h></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> epollfd = <span class="built_in">epoll_create1</span>(<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (epollfd == <span class="number">-1</span>) { <span class="comment">// 返回 -1 代表失败, 这里必须检查</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"epoll_create1"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> EXIT_FAILURE;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h4 id="1-3-1-2-epoll-ctl-使用"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-1-2-epoll-ctl-使用">¶</a>1.3.1.2 epoll_ctl 使用</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// #include <sys/socket.h></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// #include <sys/types.h></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> DEFAULT_PORT 8080</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> MAX_EVENTS 10</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> ret = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// ========= 创建 servfd =========</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> servfd = <span class="built_in">socket</span>(AF_INET <span class="comment">/* IPv4 */</span>, SOCK_STREAM, <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (servfd == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// check error msg by errno</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"socket error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr_in servaddr;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">memset</span>(&servaddr, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="built_in">sizeof</span>(servaddr));</span><br><span class="line">servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;</span><br><span class="line">servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = <span class="built_in">htonl</span>(INADDR_ANY);</span><br><span class="line">servaddr.sin_port = <span class="built_in">htons</span>(DEFAULT_PORT);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ret = <span class="built_in">bind</span>(servfd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr*) &servaddr, <span class="built_in">sizeof</span>(servaddr));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (ret == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// check error msg by errno</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"bind error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Linux2.2之前， 1024 是未完成链接队列最大长度，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Linux2.2之后，表示完成连接等待应用处理的队列长度，如果需要制定等待连接的队列长度，请使用 tcp_max_syn_backlog (man 7 tcp 可以查看细节)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line">ret = <span class="built_in">listen</span>(servfd, <span class="number">1024</span>); </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (ret == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// check error msg by errno</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"listen error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// ========= 创建 servfd 结束 =========</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * struct epoll_event</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * uint32_t events; // Epoll events</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * epoll_data_t data; // User data variable</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * } __EPOLL_PACKED;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> **/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">struct</span> epoll_event ev;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title class_">epoll_event</span> events[MAX_EVENTS];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ev.event = EPOLLIN; <span class="comment">// set read event</span></span><br><span class="line">ev.data.fd = servfd;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> (;;) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">int</span> nready = <span class="built_in">epoll_wait</span>(epollfd, events, MAX_EVENTS, <span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (nready == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"epoll_wait error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>; i < nready; i++) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (events[i].data.fd == servfd) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">int</span> connfd = <span class="built_in">accept</span>(servfd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr*) &cliaddr, &addrlen);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (connfd == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"accept error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">setnonblocking</span>(connfd);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 设置 读事件监听、ET模式</span></span><br><span class="line"> ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;</span><br><span class="line"> ev.data.fd = connfd;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 这里添加客户端的 fd 到epoll中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="built_in">epoll_ctl</span>(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, connfd, &ev) == <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">perror</span>(<span class="string">"epoll_ctl: EPOLL_CTL_ADD error"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// pass</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 这里处理客户端sock的事件</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h2 id="1-4-常见问题"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-4-常见问题">¶</a>1.4 常见问题</h2><div class="admonition todo"><p class="admonition-title">挖坑</p><p>惊群效应、C10K、连接丢失</p></div><h2 id="1-5-引用"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-5-引用">¶</a>1.5 引用</h2><div id="footnotes"><hr><div id="footnotelist"><ol style="list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin-left: 40px"><li id="fn:1"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-right: 10px; margin-left: -40px">1.</span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://sites.uclouvain.be/SystInfo/usr/include/sys/epoll.h.html">epoll.h</a><a href="#fnref:1" rev="footnote"> ↩</a></span></li><li id="fn:2"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-right: 10px; margin-left: -40px">2. </span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://wenfh2020.com/2021/10/11/thundering-herd-nginx-epollexclusive/">探索惊群 ⑤ - nginx - NGX_EXCLUSIVE_EVENT</a><a href="#fnref:2" rev="footnote"> ↩</a></span></li><li id="fn:3"><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-right: 10px; margin-left: -40px">3.</span><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/epoll.7.html">epoll(7) - Linux manual page </a><a href="#fnref:3" rev="footnote"> ↩</a></span></li></ol></div></div>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-epoll-默认设置"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-epoll-默认设置">¶</a>1.1 epoll 默认设置</h2>
<ul>
<li>epoll 默认处于水平触发 </li>
</ul>
<h2 id="1-2-epoll-Events"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-epoll-Events">¶</a>1.2 epoll Events</h2>
<p>参考 epoll.h <sup id="fnref:1"><a href="#fn:1" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="[epoll.h](https://sites.uclouvain.be/SystInfo/usr/include/sys/epoll.h.html)
">[1]</span></a></sup></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th> 事件</th>
<th>简介</th>
<th>补充</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td> EPOLLIN</td>
<td> 文件描述符可读。</td>
<td>当有数据可读时触发该事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLPRI</td>
<td> 有紧急数据可读。</td>
<td>用于处理带外数据（out-of-band data）或优先级数据。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLOUT</td>
<td> 文件描述符可写。</td>
<td>当可以写入数据时触发该事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLRDNORM</td>
<td> 有普通数据可读。</td>
<td>类似于 EPOLLIN，用于读取操作。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLRDBAND</td>
<td> 有带外数据可读。</td>
<td>类似于 EPOLLPRI，用于处理带外数据。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLWRNORM</td>
<td> 可写入普通数据。</td>
<td>类似于 EPOLLOUT，用于写入操作。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLWRBAND</td>
<td> 可写入带外数据。</td>
<td>通常情况下不使用此事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLMSG</td>
<td> 有消息数据可读。</td>
<td>通常情况下不使用此事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLERR</td>
<td> 文件描述符发生错误。</td>
<td>当文件描述符发生错误时触发该事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLHUP</td>
<td> 文件描述符挂起。</td>
<td>当文件描述符的连接关闭时触发该事件。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLRDHUP</td>
<td> 文件描述符被远程关闭连接或半关闭连接。</td>
<td>在较新的内核版本中使用，旧版本使用 EPOLLHUP 来表示。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLEXCLUSIVE</td>
<td> 独占模式。</td>
<td>用于实现边缘触发（Edge Triggered）。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLWAKEUP</td>
<td> 唤醒等待的线程。</td>
<td>用于唤醒被 epoll_wait 阻塞的线程。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLONESHOT</td>
<td> 单次事件监听。</td>
<td>事件触发后需要重新添加到 epoll 集合中。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EPOLLET</td>
<td> 边缘触发模式。</td>
<td>边缘触发模式仅在文件描述符状态变化时通知一次，与水平触发模式不同。</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="admonition warning"><p class="admonition-title">warning</p><p><code>EPOLLEXCLUSIVE</code>: 可以用于<strong>缓解</strong>多进程共享的 socket 惊群问题。但是同一进程两次 epoll_wait 之间，如果有新的连接到来并被其他进程处理，当前进程仍旧会被唤醒。<sup id="fnref:2"><a href="#fn:2" rel="footnote"><span class="hint--top hint--error hint--medium hint--rounded hint--bounce" aria-label="[探索惊群 ⑤ - nginx - NGX_EXCLUSIVE_EVENT](https://wenfh2020.com/2021/10/11/thundering-herd-nginx-epollexclusive/)
">[2]</span></a></sup> <img src="https://uocat.com/images/7be7684c59893530743e1d322a105983.jpg" alt="epoll_image_1"></p>
</div>
<h2 id="1-3-epoll-相关函数"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-3-epoll-相关函数">¶</a>1.3 epoll 相关函数</h2>
<p>epoll 在 kernel-6.4.1 中有 6 个函数，如下所示</p>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_create</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __size)</span> __THROW</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_create1</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 相比 epoll_create，增加了flags参数</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_ctl</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __epfd, <span class="type">int</span> __op, <span class="type">int</span> __fd,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params"><span class="function"> <span class="keyword">struct</span> epoll_event *__event)</span> __THROW</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_wait</span> <span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> __epfd, <span class="keyword">struct</span> epoll_event *__events,</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="params"><span class="function"> <span class="type">int</span> __maxevents, <span class="type">int</span> __timeout)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_pwait</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 可以设置阻塞过程中忽略的信号，防止被打断</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">extern</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">epoll_pwait2</span> <span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">// 相比 epoll_wait 增加了超时控制</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></summary>
<category term="Linux" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Linux/"/>
<category term="Learn" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Linux/Learn/"/>
<category term="epoll" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/epoll/"/>
<category term="network" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/network/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Study RxCpp(1)</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/6fcf/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/6fcf/</id>
<published>2023-07-09T08:22:14.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-仓库信息"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-仓库信息">¶</a>1.1 仓库信息</h2><p>以下是本笔记所使用的 <code>RxCpp</code> 仓库及其版本等信息。</p><span id="more"></span><table><thead><tr><th>A</th><th>B</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> 链接 </td><td><a href="https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxCpp/">https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxCpp/</a></td></tr><tr><td>commit</td><td>761b932a80e2be6e2b62d232e754bd96fc448946</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="1-2-项目信息"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-项目信息">¶</a>1.2 项目信息</h2><p>为了学习 RxCpp，我们会实际使用 <code>RxCpp</code>，便于测试，加深理解。</p><h3 id="1-2-1-构建简单的CMake项目"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-1-构建简单的CMake项目">¶</a>1.2.1 构建简单的 <code>CMake</code> 项目</h3><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash"><span class="built_in">mkdir</span> rxcpp-study</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash"><span class="built_in">cd</span> rxcpp-study</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash"><span class="built_in">touch</span> CMakeList.txt main.cpp</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">tree</span></span><br><span class="line">.</span><br><span class="line">├── CMakeLists.txt</span><br><span class="line">└── main.cpp</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>这是一个简单的项目结构，我们将会一步一步完善这个项目。</p></blockquote><h4 id="1-2-1-1-首先是-CMakeList-txt"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-1-1-首先是-CMakeList-txt">¶</a>1.2.1.1 首先是 <code>CMakeList.txt</code></h4><figure class="highlight cmake"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">cmake_minimum_required</span>(VERSION <span class="number">3.25</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">project</span>(rxcpp_study)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">set</span>(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD <span class="number">17</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">add_executable</span>(rxcpp_study main.cpp)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h4 id="1-2-1-2-接下来写一个简单的-main-cpp"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-1-2-接下来写一个简单的-main-cpp">¶</a>1.2.1.2 接下来写一个简单的 main.cpp</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string"><iostream></span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> std::cout << <span class="string">"Hello, World!"</span> << std::endl;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h4 id="1-2-1-3-运行这个项目"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-1-3-运行这个项目">¶</a>1.2.1.3 运行这个项目</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">首先创建一个 build 目录，避免污染源代码目录</span></span><br><span class="line">mkdir build && cd build</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">开始生成配置文件</span></span><br><span class="line">cmake ..</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">用 make 构建项目</span></span><br><span class="line">make</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">以上完成之后，可以得到 rxcpp_study</span></span><br><span class="line">./rxcpp_study</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">执行完毕之后应该有以下输出:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">Hello, World!</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-2-2-导入RxCpp库"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-2-导入RxCpp库">¶</a>1.2.2 导入 RxCpp 库</h3><h4 id="1-2-2-1-导入为第三方库"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-2-1-导入为第三方库">¶</a>1.2.2.1 导入为第三方库</h4><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">首先用git管理仓库</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">首先创建一个 third_party 目录来统一管理第三方库</span></span><br><span class="line">mkdir third_party</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">接下来将 RxCpp 放到该目录</span> </span><br><span class="line">git submodule add https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxCpp/ third_party/RxCpp</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">刚 <span class="built_in">clone</span> 的 RxCpp是默认分支，可能与本笔记版本不同，我们切换到统一版本</span></span><br><span class="line">cd third_party/RxCpp</span><br><span class="line">git checkout 761b932a80e2be6e2b62d232e754bd96fc448946</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>现在我们已经将 <code>RxCpp</code> 加入到我们的项目中来，并通过 <code>git </code>管理该项目。</p></blockquote><h4 id="1-2-2-2-在-CMakeList-txt-中引用-RxCpp"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-2-2-在-CMakeList-txt-中引用-RxCpp">¶</a>1.2.2.2 在 <code>CMakeList.txt</code> 中引用 <code>RxCpp</code></h4><p>只需在 <code>CMakeList.txt</code> 中增加两行即可使用 <code>RxCpp</code>。</p><figure class="highlight cmake"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">cmake_minimum_required</span>(VERSION <span class="number">3.25</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">project</span>(rxcpp_study)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">set</span>(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD <span class="number">17</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">add_executable</span>(rxcpp_study main.cpp)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## 以下是导入RxCpp 的头文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">target_include_directories</span>(rxcpp_study</span><br><span class="line"> PRIVATE <span class="string">"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/third_party/RxCpp/Rx/v2/src"</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h4 id="1-2-2-3-使用-RxCpp"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-2-2-3-使用-RxCpp">¶</a>1.2.2.3 使用 <code>RxCpp</code></h4><p>在 <code>main.cpp</code> 中导入 <code>rxcpp/rx.hpp</code> 即可</p><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string"><iostream></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string"><rxcpp/rx.hpp></span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> rxcpp::observable<>::<span class="built_in">range</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> .<span class="built_in">as_blocking</span>()</span><br><span class="line"> .<span class="built_in">subscribe</span>([](<span class="type">int</span> value){ std::cout << value << std::endl;},</span><br><span class="line"> [](){});</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>运行结果如下:<br>1<br>2<br>3<br>4<br>5</p></blockquote>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><h2 id="1-1-仓库信息"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-仓库信息">¶</a>1.1 仓库信息</h2>
<p>以下是本笔记所使用的 <code>RxCpp</code> 仓库及其版本等信息。</p></summary>
<category term="Learn" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/Learn/"/>
<category term="c++" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/c/"/>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡</title>
<link href="https://uocat.com/posts/8231/"/>
<id>https://uocat.com/posts/8231/</id>
<published>2022-07-24T21:40:29.000Z</published>
<updated>2024-08-15T00:40:16.441Z</updated>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡">¶</a>1.1 熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡</h2><h3 id="1-1-1-背景"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-背景">¶</a>1.1.1 背景</h3><p>入手了一个熊猫拿铁板子，无奈自带的 <code>Wi-Fi</code> 传输速率感人，遂决定增加一块无线网卡<code>水星UD6S</code>。</p><h3 id="1-1-2-安装驱动"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-安装驱动">¶</a>1.1.2 安装驱动</h3><p>首先安装 <code>DKSM</code>，<code>DKSM</code>（<code>Dynamic Kernel Module Support</code>）是用来生成内核模块的框架，每次更新内核时，都会自动编译相关模块，保证更新后驱动的可用性。</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y dkms</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-1-3-编译驱动"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-3-编译驱动">¶</a>1.1.3 编译驱动</h3><p>驱动使用了开源项目 <a href="https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU">rtl8821CU</a>, 执行下面的命令，等待安装完成即可</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 安装当前版本内核头文件</span></span></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y linux-headers-`uname -r` </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 安装相关工具</span></span></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y make gcc bc git</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 克隆代码，然后编译安装</span></span></span><br><span class="line">git clone https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU.git</span><br><span class="line">cd rtl8821CU && sudo bash dkms-install.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h3 id="1-1-4-配置-wifi"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-4-配置-wifi">¶</a>1.1.4 配置 wifi</h3><p>这里使用 <code>NetworkManager</code> 管理 <code>Wi-Fi</code></p><ul><li><p>首先安装 <code>NetworkManger</code></p> <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y network-manager</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 设置开机自启，并且立即启动 NetworkManager</span></span></span><br><span class="line">sudo systemctl enable --now NetworkManager</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></li><li><p>查看可用设备</p> <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="language-bash">nmcli device</span></span><br><span class="line">DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION</span><br><span class="line">wlx23438 wifi disconnected --</span><br><span class="line">wlan0 wifi disconnected --</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><blockquote><p>这里有两个 wifi 设备，名字分别为 <code>wlx23438</code> 和 <code>wlan0</code></p></blockquote></li><li><p>查看可用 wifi</p> <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="language-bash">nmcli device wifi</span></span><br><span class="line">IN-USE SSID MODE CHAN RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY</span><br><span class="line"> angell Infra 11 130 Mbit/s 49 ▂▄__ WPA2</span><br><span class="line"> 1104 Infra 1 270 Mbit/s 45 ▂▄__ WPA1 WPA2</span><br><span class="line"> -- Infra 1 270 Mbit/s 45 ▂▄__ WPA1 WPA2</span><br><span class="line"> HUAWEI-0H1G91 Infra 1 130 Mbit/s 45 ▂▄__ WPA2</span><br><span class="line"> Xiaomi_4892 Infra 11 270 Mbit/s 45 ▂▄__ WPA1 WPA2</span><br><span class="line"> CMCC-xjcf_5G Infra 1 130 Mbit/s 44 ▂▄__ WPA1 WPA2</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></li><li><p>连接 wifi</p> <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo nmcli device wifi connect "your-ssid" password "your-password" ifname wlx23438</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><p>这里我们指定要链接的 <code>wifi</code> 和<code>密码</code>，并要求使用设备 <code>wlx23438</code>。</p></li></ul>]]></content>
<summary type="html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/hint.css/2.4.1/hint.min.css"><h2 id="1-1-熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡">¶</a>1.1 熊猫拿铁配置无线网卡</h2>
<h3 id="1-1-1-背景"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-1-背景">¶</a>1.1.1 背景</h3>
<p>入手了一个熊猫拿铁板子，无奈自带的 <code>Wi-Fi</code> 传输速率感人，遂决定增加一块无线网卡<code>水星UD6S</code>。</p>
<h3 id="1-1-2-安装驱动"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-2-安装驱动">¶</a>1.1.2 安装驱动</h3>
<p>首先安装 <code>DKSM</code>，<code>DKSM</code>（<code>Dynamic Kernel Module Support</code>）是用来生成内核模块的框架，每次更新内核时，都会自动编译相关模块，保证更新后驱动的可用性。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y dkms</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<h3 id="1-1-3-编译驱动"><a class="header-anchor" href="#1-1-3-编译驱动">¶</a>1.1.3 编译驱动</h3>
<p>驱动使用了开源项目 <a href="https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU">rtl8821CU</a>, 执行下面的命令，等待安装完成即可</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 安装当前版本内核头文件</span></span></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y linux-headers-`uname -r` </span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 安装相关工具</span></span></span><br><span class="line">sudo apt-get install -y make gcc bc git</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">#</span><span class="language-bash"><span class="comment"># 克隆代码，然后编译安装</span></span></span><br><span class="line">git clone https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU.git</span><br><span class="line">cd rtl8821CU &amp;&amp; sudo bash dkms-install.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></summary>
<category term="IT" scheme="https://uocat.com/categories/IT/"/>
<category term="linux,server" scheme="https://uocat.com/tags/linux-server/"/>
</entry>
</feed>