SNOW-1625368 SNOW-1634393 Support indexing with Timedelta data columns

[sfc-gh-azhan]

1. Which Jira issue is this PR addressing? Make sure that there is an accompanying issue to your PR.

   SNOW-1625368 Support indexing with Timedelta data columns

2. Fill out the following pre-review checklist:

   • I am adding a new automated test(s) to verify correctness of my new code
     • If this test skips Local Testing mode, I'm requesting review from @snowflakedb/local-testing
   • I am adding new logging messages
   • I am adding a new telemetry message
   • I am adding new credentials
   • I am adding a new dependency
   • If this is a new feature/behavior, I'm adding the Local Testing parity changes.

3. Please describe how your code solves the related issue.

   Please write a short description of how your code change solves the related issue.

Support indexing with Timedelta data columns:

• Added sufficient tests cases for indexing including get and set values with the same timedelta type or different types.
• To achieve this, I updated several util methods related to transpose, join too.
• Also, I need to refactor SnowparkPandasType since there are some confusing on type object and class there.

This pull request includes several changes to enhance support for Timedelta and improve type safety in the Snowflake Snowpark Modin plugin. The most important changes are summarized below:

Enhancements to Timedelta Support:

• Added support for indexing with Timedelta data columns. (CHANGELOG.md: CHANGELOG.mdR30-L37)

Type Safety Improvements:

• Added assertions to check that data_column_types and index_column_types are instances of SnowparkPandasType in _create_snowflake_quoted_identifier_to_snowpark_pandas_type. (src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/frame.py: src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/frame.pyR92-R106)
• Updated project_columns to include an optional column_types parameter and ensure its length matches pandas_labels. (src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/frame.py: [1] [2] [3]
• Modified set_frame_2d_labels and set_frame_2d_positional to handle SnowparkPandasColumn and SnowparkPandasType correctly. (src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/indexing_utils.py: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
• Updated get_item_series_as_single_row_frame to include SnowparkPandasType. (src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/indexing_utils.py: src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/indexing_utils.pyR3065)
• Enhanced _create_internal_frame_with_join_or_align_result to handle data_column_types and index_column_types during joins. (src/snowflake/snowpark/modin/plugin/_internal/join_utils.py: [1] [2] [3]

[sfc-gh-mvashishtha]

some minor comments.

[sfc-gh-nkrishna]

LGTM! Nice :)

[sfc-gh-mvashishtha]

@sfc-gh-azhan I restarted CI on this pr because I assumed it was a flake, but it looks legitimate: https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowpark-python/actions/runs/10512030861/job/29124497386?pr=2141

[sfc-gh-azhan]

@sfc-gh-azhan I restarted CI on this pr because I assumed it was a flake, but it looks legitimate: https://github.com/snowflakedb/snowpark-python/actions/runs/10512030861/job/29124497386?pr=2141

It was a window specific failure. Fixed.