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Pentesting Web checklist

Recon phase

  • Large: a whole company with multiple domains
  • Medium: a single domain
  • Small: a single website

Large scope

Medium scope

Small scope

Network

Preparation

  • Study site structure
  • Make a list with all possible test cases
  • Understand the business area and what their customer needs
  • Get a list of every asset (all_subdomains.txt, live_subdomains.txt, waybackurls.txt, hidden_directories.txt, nmap_results.txt, GitHub_search.txt, altdns_subdomain.txt, vulnerable_links.txt, js_files.txt)

User management

Registration

  • Duplicate registration (try with uppercase, +1@..., dots in name, etc)
  • Overwrite existing user (existing user takeover)
  • Username uniqueness
  • Weak password policy (user=password, password=123456,111111,abcabc,qwerty12)
  • Insufficient email verification process (also my%[email protected] for account tko)
  • Weak registration implementation or allows disposable email addresses
  • Fuzz after user creation to check if any folder have been overwritten or created with your profile name
  • Add only spaces in password
  • Long password (>200) leads to DoS
  • Corrupt authentication and session defects: Sign up, don't verify, request change password, change, check if account is active.
  • Try to re-register repeating same request with same password and different password too
  • If JSON request, add comma {“email”:“[email protected]”,”[email protected]”,“token”:”xxxxxxxxxx”}
  • Lack of confirmation -> try to register with company email.
  • Check OAuth with social media registration
  • Check state parameter on social media registration
  • Try to capture integration url leading integration takeover
  • Check redirections in register page after login
  • Rate limit on account creation
  • XSS on name or email

Authentication

  • Username enumeration
  • Resilience to password guessing
  • Account recovery function
  • "Remember me" function
  • Impersonation function
  • Unsafe distribution of credentials
  • Fail-open conditions
  • Multi-stage mechanisms
  • SQL Injections
  • Auto-complete testing
  • Lack of password confirmation on change email, password or 2FA (try change response)
  • Weak login function over HTTP and HTTPS if both are available
  • User account lockout mechanism on brute force attack
  • Check for password wordlist (cewl and burp-goldenNuggets)
  • Test 0auth login functionality for Open Redirection
  • Test response tampering in SAML authentication
  • In OTP check guessable codes and race conditions
  • OTP, check response manipulation for bypass
  • OTP, try bruteforce
  • If JWT, check common flaws
  • Browser cache weakness (eg Pragma, Expires, Max-age)
  • After register, logout, clean cache, go to home page and paste your profile url in browser, check for "login?next=accounts/profile" for open redirect or XSS with "/login?next=javascript:alert(1);//"
  • Try login with common credentials

Session

  • Session handling
  • Test tokens for meaning
  • Test tokens for predictability
  • Insecure transmission of tokens
  • Disclosure of tokens in logs
  • Mapping of tokens to sessions
  • Session termination
  • Session fixation
  • Cross-site request forgery
  • Cookie scope
  • Decode Cookie (Base64, hex, URL etc.)
  • Cookie expiration time
  • Check HTTPOnly and Secure flags
  • Use same cookie from a different effective IP address or system
  • Access controls
  • Effectiveness of controls using multiple accounts
  • Insecure access control methods (request parameters, Referer header, etc)
  • Check for concurrent login through different machine/IP
  • Bypass AntiCSRF tokens
  • Weak generated security questions
  • Path traversal on cookies
  • Reuse cookie after session closed
  • Logout and click browser "go back" function (Alt + Left arrow)
  • 2 instances open, 1st change or reset password, refresh 2nd instance
  • With privileged user perform privileged actions, try to repeat with unprivileged user cookie.

Profile/Account details

  • Find parameter with user id and try to tamper in order to get the details of other users
  • Create a list of features that are pertaining to a user account only and try CSRF
  • Change email id and update with any existing email id. Check if its getting validated on server or not.
  • Check any new email confirmation link and what if user doesn't confirm.
  • File upload: eicar, No Size Limit, File extension, Filter Bypass, burp extension, RCE
  • CSV import/export: Command Injection, XSS, macro injection
  • Check profile picture URL and find email id/user info or EXIF Geolocation Data
  • Imagetragick in picture profile upload
  • Metadata of all downloadable files (Geolocation, usernames)
  • Account deletion option and try to reactivate with "Forgot password" feature
  • Try bruteforce enumeration when change any user unique parameter.
  • Check application request re-authentication for sensitive operations
  • Try parameter pollution to add two values of same field
  • Check different roles policy

Forgot/reset password

  • Invalidate session on Logout and Password reset
  • Uniqueness of forget password reset link/code
  • Reset links expiration time
  • Find user id or other sensitive fields in reset link and tamper them
  • Request 2 reset passwords links and use the older
  • Check if many requests have sequential tokens
  • Use username@burp_collab.net and analyze the callback
  • Host header injection for token leakage
  • Add X-Forwarded-Host: evil.com to receive the reset link with evil.com
  • Email crafting like victim@[email protected]
  • IDOR in reset link
  • Capture reset token and use with other email/userID
  • No TLD in email parameter
  • User carbon copy email=[email protected]%0a%0dcc:[email protected]
  • Long password (>200) leads to DoS
  • No rate limit, capture request and send over 1000 times
  • Check encryption in reset password token
  • Token leak in referer header
  • Append second email param and value
  • Understand how token is generated (timestamp, username, birthdate,...)
  • Response manipulation

Input handling

  • Fuzz all request parameters (if got user, add headers to fuzzer)
  • Identify all reflected data
  • Reflected XSS
  • HTTP header injection in GET & POST (X Forwarded Host)
  • RCE via Referer Header
  • SQL injection via User-Agent Header
  • Arbitrary redirection
  • Stored attacks
  • OS command injection
  • Path traversal, LFI and RFI
  • Script injection
  • File inclusion
  • SMTP injection
  • Native software flaws (buffer overflow, integer bugs, format strings)
  • SOAP injection
  • LDAP injection
  • SSI Injection
  • XPath injection
  • XXE in any request, change content-type to text/xml
  • Stored XSS
  • SQL injection with ' and '--+-
  • NoSQL injection
  • HTTP Request Smuggling
  • Open redirect
  • Code Injection (<h1>six2dez</h1> on stored param)
  • SSRF in previously discovered open ports
  • xmlrpc.php DOS and user enumeration
  • HTTP dangerous methods OPTIONS PUT DELETE
  • Try to discover hidden parameters (arjun or parameth)
  • Insecure deserialization

Error handling

  • Access custom pages like /whatever_fake.php (.aspx,.html,.etc)
  • Add multiple parameters in GET and POST request using different values
  • Add "[]", "]]", and "[[" in cookie values and parameter values to create errors
  • Generate error by giving input as "/~randomthing/%s" at the end of URL
  • Use Burp Intruder "Fuzzing Full" List in input to generate error codes
  • Try different HTTP Verbs like PATCH, DEBUG or wrong like FAKE

Application Logic

  • Identify the logic attack surface
  • Test transmission of data via the client
  • Test for reliance on client-side input validation
  • Thick-client components (Java, ActiveX, Flash)
  • Multi-stage processes for logic flaws
  • Handling of incomplete input
  • Trust boundaries
  • Transaction logic
  • Implemented CAPTCHA in email forms to avoid flooding
  • Tamper product id, price or quantity value in any action (add, modify, delete, place, pay...)
  • Tamper gift or discount codes
  • Reuse gift codes
  • Try parameter pollution to use gift code two times in same request
  • Try stored XSS in non-limited fields like address
  • Check in payment form if CVV and card number is in clear text or masked
  • Check if is processed by the app itself or sent to 3rd parts
  • IDOR from other users details ticket/cart/shipment
  • Check for test credit card number allowed like 4111 1111 1111 1111 (sample1 sample2)
  • Check PRINT or PDF creation for IDOR
  • Check unsubscribe button with user enumeration
  • Parameter pollution on social media sharing links
  • Change POST sensitive requests to GET

Other checks

Infrastructure

  • Segregation in shared infrastructures
  • Segregation between ASP-hosted applications
  • Web server vulnerabilities
  • Dangerous HTTP methods
  • Proxy functionality
  • Virtual hosting misconfiguration (VHostScan)
  • Check for internal numeric IP's in request
  • Check for external numeric IP's and resolve it
  • Test cloud storage
  • Check the existence of alternative channels (www.web.com vs m.web.com)

CAPTCHA

  • Send old captcha value.
  • Send old captcha value with old session ID.
  • Request captcha absolute path like www.url.com/captcha/1.png
  • Remove captcha with any adblocker and request again
  • Bypass with OCR tool (easy one)
  • Change from POST to GET
  • Remove captcha parameter
  • Convert JSON request to normal
  • Try header injections

Security Headers

  • X-XSS-Protection
  • Strict-Transport-Security
  • Content-Security-Policy
  • Public-Key-Pins
  • X-Frame-Options
  • X-Content-Type-Options
  • Referer-Policy
  • Cache-Control
  • Expires