diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/block.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/block.rs
index 6b9a0543f..6f3374bdc 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/block.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/block.rs
@@ -175,9 +175,8 @@ impl<T: TransactionTrait> Block<T> {
     mut locally_provided: HashMap<&'static str, VecDeque<T>>,
     get_and_increment_nonce: &mut G,
     schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
-    commit: impl Fn(u32) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
-    unsigned_in_chain: impl Fn([u8; 32]) -> bool,
-    provided_in_chain: impl Fn([u8; 32]) -> bool, // TODO: merge this with unsigned_on_chain?
+    commit: impl Fn(u64) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
+    provided_or_unsigned_in_chain: impl Fn([u8; 32]) -> bool,
     allow_non_local_provided: bool,
   ) -> Result<(), BlockError> {
     #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ impl<T: TransactionTrait> Block<T> {
 
       let current_tx_order = match tx.kind() {
         TransactionKind::Provided(order) => {
-          if provided_in_chain(tx_hash) {
+          if provided_or_unsigned_in_chain(tx_hash) {
             Err(BlockError::ProvidedAlreadyIncluded)?;
           }
 
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ impl<T: TransactionTrait> Block<T> {
         }
         TransactionKind::Unsigned => {
           // check we don't already have the tx in the chain
-          if unsigned_in_chain(tx_hash) || included_in_block.contains(&tx_hash) {
+          if provided_or_unsigned_in_chain(tx_hash) || included_in_block.contains(&tx_hash) {
             Err(BlockError::UnsignedAlreadyIncluded)?;
           }
           included_in_block.insert(tx_hash);
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/blockchain.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/blockchain.rs
index 7063cea9b..1664860bb 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/blockchain.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/blockchain.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub(crate) struct Blockchain<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> {
   db: Option<D>,
   genesis: [u8; 32],
 
-  block_number: u32,
+  block_number: u64,
   tip: [u8; 32],
   participants: HashSet<<Ristretto as Ciphersuite>::G>,
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
   fn block_key(genesis: &[u8], hash: &[u8; 32]) -> Vec<u8> {
     D::key(b"tributary_blockchain", b"block", [genesis, hash].concat())
   }
-  fn block_hash_key(genesis: &[u8], block_number: u32) -> Vec<u8> {
+  fn block_hash_key(genesis: &[u8], block_number: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
     D::key(b"tributary_blockchain", b"block_hash", [genesis, &block_number.to_le_bytes()].concat())
   }
   fn commit_key(genesis: &[u8], hash: &[u8; 32]) -> Vec<u8> {
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
       let db = res.db.as_ref().unwrap();
       db.get(res.block_number_key()).map(|number| (number, db.get(Self::tip_key(genesis)).unwrap()))
     } {
-      res.block_number = u32::from_le_bytes(block_number.try_into().unwrap());
+      res.block_number = u64::from_le_bytes(block_number.try_into().unwrap());
       res.tip.copy_from_slice(&tip);
     }
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
     self.tip
   }
 
-  pub(crate) fn block_number(&self) -> u32 {
+  pub(crate) fn block_number(&self) -> u64 {
     self.block_number
   }
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
     db.get(Self::commit_key(&genesis, block))
   }
 
-  pub(crate) fn block_hash_from_db(db: &D, genesis: [u8; 32], block: u32) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
+  pub(crate) fn block_hash_from_db(db: &D, genesis: [u8; 32], block: u64) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
     db.get(Self::block_hash_key(&genesis, block)).map(|h| h.try_into().unwrap())
   }
 
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
     Self::commit_from_db(self.db.as_ref().unwrap(), self.genesis, block)
   }
 
-  pub(crate) fn block_hash(&self, block: u32) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
+  pub(crate) fn block_hash(&self, block: u64) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
     Self::block_hash_from_db(self.db.as_ref().unwrap(), self.genesis, block)
   }
 
-  pub(crate) fn commit_by_block_number(&self, block: u32) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+  pub(crate) fn commit_by_block_number(&self, block: u64) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
     self.commit(&self.block_hash(block)?)
   }
 
@@ -160,16 +160,16 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
     let db = self.db.as_ref().unwrap();
     let genesis = self.genesis;
 
-    let commit = |block: u32| -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>> {
+    let commit = |block: u64| -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>> {
       let hash = Self::block_hash_from_db(db, genesis, block)?;
       // we must have a commit per valid hash
       let commit = Self::commit_from_db(db, genesis, &hash).unwrap();
       // commit has to be valid if it is coming from our db
       Some(Commit::<N::SignatureScheme>::decode(&mut commit.as_ref()).unwrap())
     };
-
     let unsigned_in_chain =
       |hash: [u8; 32]| db.get(Self::unsigned_included_key(&self.genesis, &hash)).is_some();
+
     self.mempool.add::<N, _>(
       |signer, order| {
         if self.participants.contains(&signer) {
@@ -233,11 +233,11 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
     allow_non_local_provided: bool,
   ) -> Result<(), BlockError> {
     let db = self.db.as_ref().unwrap();
-    let unsigned_in_chain =
-      |hash: [u8; 32]| db.get(Self::unsigned_included_key(&self.genesis, &hash)).is_some();
-    let provided_in_chain =
-      |hash: [u8; 32]| db.get(Self::provided_included_key(&self.genesis, &hash)).is_some();
-    let commit = |block: u32| -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>> {
+    let provided_or_unsigned_in_chain = |hash: [u8; 32]| {
+      db.get(Self::unsigned_included_key(&self.genesis, &hash)).is_some() ||
+        db.get(Self::provided_included_key(&self.genesis, &hash)).is_some()
+    };
+    let commit = |block: u64| -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>> {
       let commit = self.commit_by_block_number(block)?;
       // commit has to be valid if it is coming from our db
       Some(Commit::<N::SignatureScheme>::decode(&mut commit.as_ref()).unwrap())
@@ -263,8 +263,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Blockchain<D, T> {
       },
       schema,
       &commit,
-      unsigned_in_chain,
-      provided_in_chain,
+      provided_or_unsigned_in_chain,
       allow_non_local_provided,
     );
     // Drop this TXN's changes as we're solely verifying the block
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/lib.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/lib.rs
index dac7f4beb..5a5df1a7a 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/lib.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/lib.rs
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> Tributary<D, T, P> {
     let validators = Arc::new(Validators::new(genesis, validators)?);
 
     let mut blockchain = Blockchain::new(db.clone(), genesis, &validators_vec);
-    let block_number = BlockNumber(blockchain.block_number().into());
+    let block_number = BlockNumber(blockchain.block_number());
 
     let start_time = if let Some(commit) = blockchain.commit(&blockchain.tip()) {
       Commit::<Validators>::decode(&mut commit.as_ref()).unwrap().end_time
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> Tributary<D, T, P> {
     self.genesis
   }
 
-  pub async fn block_number(&self) -> u32 {
+  pub async fn block_number(&self) -> u64 {
     self.network.blockchain.read().await.block_number()
   }
   pub async fn tip(&self) -> [u8; 32] {
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> Tributary<D, T, P> {
       return false;
     }
 
-    let number = BlockNumber((block_number + 1).into());
+    let number = BlockNumber(block_number + 1);
     self.synced_block.write().await.send(SyncedBlock { number, block, commit }).await.unwrap();
     result.next().await.unwrap()
   }
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/mempool.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/mempool.rs
index 344d45436..7558bae07 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/mempool.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/mempool.rs
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait> Mempool<D, T> {
     tx: Transaction<T>,
     schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
     unsigned_in_chain: impl Fn([u8; 32]) -> bool,
-    commit: impl Fn(u32) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
+    commit: impl Fn(u64) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
   ) -> Result<bool, TransactionError> {
     match &tx {
       Transaction::Tendermint(tendermint_tx) => {
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/mod.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/mod.rs
index 36f381c97..dc62c798a 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/mod.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/mod.rs
@@ -275,9 +275,31 @@ pub struct TendermintNetwork<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> {
 
 pub const BLOCK_PROCESSING_TIME: u32 = 999;
 pub const LATENCY_TIME: u32 = 1667;
-// TODO: Add test asserting this
 pub const TARGET_BLOCK_TIME: u32 = BLOCK_PROCESSING_TIME + (3 * LATENCY_TIME);
 
+#[test]
+fn assert_target_block_time() {
+  use serai_db::MemDb;
+
+  #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+  pub struct DummyP2p;
+
+  #[async_trait::async_trait]
+  impl P2p for DummyP2p {
+    async fn broadcast(&self, _: [u8; 32], _: Vec<u8>) {
+      unimplemented!()
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Type paremeters don't matter here since we only need to call the block_time()
+  // and it only relies on the constants of the trait implementation. block_time() is in seconds,
+  // TARGET_BLOCK_TIME is in milliseconds.
+  assert_eq!(
+    <TendermintNetwork<MemDb, TendermintTx, DummyP2p> as Network>::block_time(),
+    TARGET_BLOCK_TIME / 1000
+  )
+}
+
 #[async_trait]
 impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> Network for TendermintNetwork<D, T, P> {
   type ValidatorId = [u8; 32];
@@ -342,7 +364,6 @@ impl<D: Db, T: TransactionTrait, P: P2p> Network for TendermintNetwork<D, T, P>
     };
 
     // add tx to blockchain and broadcast to peers
-    // TODO: Make a function out of this following block
     let mut to_broadcast = vec![TRANSACTION_MESSAGE];
     tx.write(&mut to_broadcast).unwrap();
     if self.blockchain.write().await.add_transaction::<Self>(
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/tx.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/tx.rs
index 328ff3868..5f5102d31 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/tx.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/tendermint/tx.rs
@@ -12,14 +12,11 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 use tendermint::{
-  SignedMessageFor, Data,
-  round::RoundData,
-  time::CanonicalInstant,
-  commit_msg,
-  ext::{Network, Commit, RoundNumber, SignatureScheme},
+  verify_tendermint_evience,
+  ext::{Network, Commit},
 };
 
-pub use tendermint::Evidence;
+pub use tendermint::{Evidence, decode_signed_message};
 
 #[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
@@ -63,127 +60,16 @@ impl Transaction for TendermintTx {
   }
 }
 
-pub fn decode_signed_message<N: Network>(
-  mut data: &[u8],
-) -> Result<SignedMessageFor<N>, TransactionError> {
-  SignedMessageFor::<N>::decode(&mut data).map_err(|_| TransactionError::InvalidContent)
-}
-
-fn decode_and_verify_signed_message<N: Network>(
-  data: &[u8],
-  schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
-) -> Result<SignedMessageFor<N>, TransactionError> {
-  let msg = decode_signed_message::<N>(data)?;
-
-  // verify that evidence messages are signed correctly
-  if !msg.verify_signature(schema) {
-    Err(TransactionError::InvalidSignature)?
-  }
-  Ok(msg)
-}
-
-// TODO: Move this into tendermint-machine
-// TODO: Strongly type Evidence, instead of having two messages and no idea what's supposedly
-// wrong with them. Doing so will massively simplify the auditability of this (as this
-// re-implements an entire foreign library's checks for malicious behavior).
 pub(crate) fn verify_tendermint_tx<N: Network>(
   tx: &TendermintTx,
   schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
-  commit: impl Fn(u32) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
+  commit: impl Fn(u64) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
 ) -> Result<(), TransactionError> {
   tx.verify()?;
 
   match tx {
-    // TODO: Only allow one evidence per validator, since evidence is fatal
-    TendermintTx::SlashEvidence(ev) => {
-      match ev {
-        Evidence::ConflictingMessages(first, second) => {
-          let first = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(first, schema)?.msg;
-          let second = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(second, schema)?.msg;
-
-          // Make sure they're distinct messages, from the same sender, within the same block
-          if (first == second) || (first.sender != second.sender) || (first.block != second.block) {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?;
-          }
-
-          // Distinct messages within the same step
-          if !((first.round == second.round) && (first.data.step() == second.data.step())) {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?;
-          }
-        }
-        Evidence::ConflictingPrecommit(first, second) => {
-          let first = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(first, schema)?.msg;
-          let second = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(second, schema)?.msg;
-
-          if (first.sender != second.sender) || (first.block != second.block) {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?;
-          }
-
-          // check whether messages are precommits to different blocks
-          // The inner signatures don't need to be verified since the outer signatures were
-          // While the inner signatures may be invalid, that would've yielded a invalid precommit
-          // signature slash instead of distinct precommit slash
-          if let Data::Precommit(Some((h1, _))) = first.data {
-            if let Data::Precommit(Some((h2, _))) = second.data {
-              if h1 == h2 {
-                Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?;
-              }
-              return Ok(());
-            }
-          }
-
-          // No fault identified
-          Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?
-        }
-        Evidence::InvalidPrecommit(msg) => {
-          let msg = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(msg, schema)?.msg;
-
-          let Data::Precommit(Some((id, sig))) = &msg.data else {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?
-          };
-          // TODO: We need to be passed in the genesis time to handle this edge case
-          if msg.block.0 == 0 {
-            todo!("invalid precommit signature on first block")
-          }
-
-          // get the last commit
-          // TODO: Why do we use u32 when Tendermint uses u64?
-          let prior_commit = match u32::try_from(msg.block.0 - 1) {
-            Ok(n) => match commit(n) {
-              Some(c) => c,
-              // If we have yet to sync the block in question, we will return InvalidContent based
-              // on our own temporal ambiguity
-              // This will also cause an InvalidContent for anything using a non-existent block,
-              // yet that's valid behavior
-              // TODO: Double check the ramifications of this
-              _ => Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?,
-            },
-            _ => Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?,
-          };
-
-          // calculate the end time till the msg round
-          let mut last_end_time = CanonicalInstant::new(prior_commit.end_time);
-          for r in 0 ..= msg.round.0 {
-            last_end_time = RoundData::<N>::new(RoundNumber(r), last_end_time).end_time();
-          }
-
-          // verify that the commit was actually invalid
-          if schema.verify(msg.sender, &commit_msg(last_end_time.canonical(), id.as_ref()), sig) {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?
-          }
-        }
-        Evidence::InvalidValidRound(msg) => {
-          let msg = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(msg, schema)?.msg;
-
-          let Data::Proposal(Some(vr), _) = &msg.data else {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?
-          };
-          if vr.0 < msg.round.0 {
-            Err(TransactionError::InvalidContent)?
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    TendermintTx::SlashEvidence(ev) => verify_tendermint_evience::<N>(ev, schema, commit)
+      .map_err(|_| TransactionError::InvalidContent)?,
   }
 
   Ok(())
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/block.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/block.rs
index 0df72e6da..c5bf19c64 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/block.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/block.rs
@@ -78,11 +78,10 @@ fn empty_block() {
   const GENESIS: [u8; 32] = [0xff; 32];
   const LAST: [u8; 32] = [0x01; 32];
   let validators = Arc::new(Validators::new(GENESIS, vec![]).unwrap());
-  let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
-  let unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
-  let provided_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
+  let provided_or_unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
   Block::<NonceTransaction>::new(LAST, vec![], vec![])
     .verify::<N, _>(
       GENESIS,
@@ -91,8 +90,7 @@ fn empty_block() {
       &mut |_, _| None,
       &validators,
       commit,
-      unsigned_in_chain,
-      provided_in_chain,
+      provided_or_unsigned_in_chain,
       false,
     )
     .unwrap();
@@ -113,11 +111,10 @@ fn duplicate_nonces() {
     insert(NonceTransaction::new(0, 0));
     insert(NonceTransaction::new(i, 1));
 
-    let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+    let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
       Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
     };
-    let unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
-    let provided_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
+    let provided_or_unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
 
     let mut last_nonce = 0;
     let res = Block::new(LAST, vec![], mempool).verify::<N, _>(
@@ -131,8 +128,7 @@ fn duplicate_nonces() {
       },
       &validators,
       commit,
-      unsigned_in_chain,
-      provided_in_chain,
+      provided_or_unsigned_in_chain,
       false,
     );
     if i == 1 {
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/mempool.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/mempool.rs
index 34ed4cf98..66148cf30 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/mempool.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/mempool.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn new_mempool<T: TransactionTrait>() -> ([u8; 32], MemDb, Mempool<MemDb, T>) {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn mempool_addition() {
   let (genesis, db, mut mempool) = new_mempool::<SignedTransaction>();
-  let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
   let unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ async fn mempool_addition() {
 fn too_many_mempool() {
   let (genesis, _, mut mempool) = new_mempool::<SignedTransaction>();
   let validators = Arc::new(Validators::new(genesis, vec![]).unwrap());
-  let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
   let unsigned_in_chain = |_: [u8; 32]| false;
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/transaction/tendermint.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/transaction/tendermint.rs
index e701f1361..0397674e2 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/transaction/tendermint.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/tests/transaction/tendermint.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ async fn serialize_tendermint() {
 async fn invalid_valid_round() {
   // signer
   let (_, signer, signer_id, validators) = tendermint_meta().await;
-  let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ async fn invalid_valid_round() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn invalid_precommit_signature() {
   let (_, signer, signer_id, validators) = tendermint_meta().await;
-  let commit = |i: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |i: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     assert_eq!(i, 0);
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ async fn invalid_precommit_signature() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn evidence_with_prevote() {
   let (_, signer, signer_id, validators) = tendermint_meta().await;
-  let commit = |_: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |_: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
 
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ async fn evidence_with_prevote() {
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn conflicting_msgs_evidence_tx() {
   let (genesis, signer, signer_id, validators) = tendermint_meta().await;
-  let commit = |i: u32| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
+  let commit = |i: u64| -> Option<Commit<Arc<Validators>>> {
     assert_eq!(i, 0);
     Some(Commit::<Arc<Validators>> { end_time: 0, validators: vec![], signature: vec![] })
   };
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/src/transaction.rs b/coordinator/tributary/src/transaction.rs
index a773daa7a..8e9342d70 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/src/transaction.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/src/transaction.rs
@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@ pub enum TransactionKind<'a> {
   /// If a supermajority of validators produce a commit for a block with a provided transaction
   /// which isn't locally held, the block will be added to the local chain. When the transaction is
   /// locally provided, it will be compared for correctness to the on-chain version
+  ///
+  /// In order to ensure TXs aren't accidentally provided multiple times, all provided transactions
+  /// must have a unique hash which is also unique to all Unsigned transactions.
   Provided(&'static str),
 
   /// An unsigned transaction, only able to be included by the block producer.
@@ -129,6 +132,8 @@ pub enum TransactionKind<'a> {
   /// Once an Unsigned transaction is included on-chain, it may not be included again. In order to
   /// have multiple Unsigned transactions with the same values included on-chain, some distinct
   /// nonce must be included in order to cause a distinct hash.
+  ///
+  /// The hash must also be unique with all Provided transactions.
   Unsigned,
 
   /// A signed transaction.
diff --git a/coordinator/tributary/tendermint/src/lib.rs b/coordinator/tributary/tendermint/src/lib.rs
index c54160997..fd9b89d28 100644
--- a/coordinator/tributary/tendermint/src/lib.rs
+++ b/coordinator/tributary/tendermint/src/lib.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod time;
 use time::{sys_time, CanonicalInstant};
 
 pub mod round;
+use round::RoundData;
 
 mod block;
 use block::BlockData;
@@ -103,10 +104,11 @@ impl<V: ValidatorId, B: Block, S: Signature> SignedMessage<V, B, S> {
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
-enum TendermintError<N: Network> {
+pub enum TendermintError<N: Network> {
   Malicious(N::ValidatorId, Option<Evidence>),
   Temporal,
   AlreadyHandled,
+  InvalidEvidence,
 }
 
 // Type aliases to abstract over generic hell
@@ -139,6 +141,113 @@ pub enum Evidence {
   InvalidValidRound(Vec<u8>),
 }
 
+pub fn decode_signed_message<N: Network>(mut data: &[u8]) -> Option<SignedMessageFor<N>> {
+  SignedMessageFor::<N>::decode(&mut data).ok()
+}
+
+fn decode_and_verify_signed_message<N: Network>(
+  data: &[u8],
+  schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
+) -> Result<SignedMessageFor<N>, TendermintError<N>> {
+  let msg = decode_signed_message::<N>(data).ok_or(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+
+  // verify that evidence messages are signed correctly
+  if !msg.verify_signature(schema) {
+    Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+  }
+
+  Ok(msg)
+}
+
+pub fn verify_tendermint_evience<N: Network>(
+  evidence: &Evidence,
+  schema: &N::SignatureScheme,
+  commit: impl Fn(u64) -> Option<Commit<N::SignatureScheme>>,
+) -> Result<(), TendermintError<N>> {
+  match evidence {
+    Evidence::ConflictingMessages(first, second) => {
+      let first = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(first, schema)?.msg;
+      let second = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(second, schema)?.msg;
+
+      // Make sure they're distinct messages, from the same sender, within the same block
+      if (first == second) || (first.sender != second.sender) || (first.block != second.block) {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+      }
+
+      // Distinct messages within the same step
+      if !((first.round == second.round) && (first.data.step() == second.data.step())) {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+      }
+    }
+    Evidence::ConflictingPrecommit(first, second) => {
+      let first = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(first, schema)?.msg;
+      let second = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(second, schema)?.msg;
+
+      if (first.sender != second.sender) || (first.block != second.block) {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+      }
+
+      // check whether messages are precommits to different blocks
+      // The inner signatures don't need to be verified since the outer signatures were
+      // While the inner signatures may be invalid, that would've yielded a invalid precommit
+      // signature slash instead of distinct precommit slash
+      if let Data::Precommit(Some((h1, _))) = first.data {
+        if let Data::Precommit(Some((h2, _))) = second.data {
+          if h1 == h2 {
+            Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+          }
+          return Ok(());
+        }
+      }
+
+      // No fault identified
+      Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?;
+    }
+    Evidence::InvalidPrecommit(msg) => {
+      let msg = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(msg, schema)?.msg;
+
+      let Data::Precommit(Some((id, sig))) = &msg.data else {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?
+      };
+      // TODO: We need to be passed in the genesis time to handle this edge case
+      if msg.block.0 == 0 {
+        todo!("invalid precommit signature on first block")
+      }
+
+      // get the last commit
+      let prior_commit = match commit(msg.block.0 - 1) {
+        Some(c) => c,
+        // If we have yet to sync the block in question, we will return InvalidContent based
+        // on our own temporal ambiguity
+        // This will also cause an InvalidContent for anything using a non-existent block,
+        // yet that's valid behavior
+        // TODO: Double check the ramifications of this
+        _ => Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?,
+      };
+
+      // calculate the end time till the msg round
+      let mut last_end_time = CanonicalInstant::new(prior_commit.end_time);
+      for r in 0 ..= msg.round.0 {
+        last_end_time = RoundData::<N>::new(RoundNumber(r), last_end_time).end_time();
+      }
+
+      // verify that the commit was actually invalid
+      if schema.verify(msg.sender, &commit_msg(last_end_time.canonical(), id.as_ref()), sig) {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?
+      }
+    }
+    Evidence::InvalidValidRound(msg) => {
+      let msg = decode_and_verify_signed_message::<N>(msg, schema)?.msg;
+
+      let Data::Proposal(Some(vr), _) = &msg.data else { Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)? };
+      if vr.0 < msg.round.0 {
+        Err(TendermintError::InvalidEvidence)?
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  Ok(())
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub enum SlashEvent {
   Id(SlashReason, u64, u32),
@@ -543,7 +652,11 @@ impl<N: Network + 'static> TendermintMachine<N> {
 
             self.slash(sender, slash).await
           }
-          Err(TendermintError::Temporal | TendermintError::AlreadyHandled) => (),
+          Err(
+            TendermintError::Temporal |
+            TendermintError::AlreadyHandled |
+            TendermintError::InvalidEvidence,
+          ) => (),
         }
       }
     }