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Snapshot Tool for Amazon Aurora

The Snapshot Tool for Amazon Aurora automates the task of creating manual snapshots, copying them into a different account and a different region, and deleting them after a specified number of days. It also allows you to specify the backup schedule (at what times and how often) and a retention period in days. This version will only work with Amazon Aurora MySQL and PostgreSQL instances. For a version that works with other Amazon RDS instances, please visit the Snapshot Tool for Amazon RDS.

Getting Started

Building From Source and Deploying

You will need also to build from source and deploy the code for the Lambda functions to your own bucket in your own account. To build, you need to be on a unix-like system (e.g., macOS or some flavour of Linux) and you need to have make and zip.

  1. Create an S3 bucket to hold the Lambda function zip files. The bucket must be in the same region where the Lambda functions will run. And the Lambda functions must run in the same region as the RDS instances.

  2. Clone the repository using git or downloading from Github

  3. Edit the Makefile file and set S3DEST to be the bucket name where you want the functions to go. Set the AWSARGS, AWSCMD and ZIPCMD variables as well.

  4. Type make at the command line. It will call zip to make the zip files, and then it will call aws s3 cp to copy the zip files to the bucket you named.

  5. Be sure to use the correct bucket name in the CodeBucket parameter when launching the stack in both accounts.

To deploy on your accounts, you will need to use the Cloudformation templates provided. snapshot_tool_aurora_source.json needs to run in the source account (or the account that runs the Aurora clusters) snapshot_tool_aurora_dest.json needs to run in the destination account (or the account where you'd like to keep your snapshots)

IMPORTANT Run the Cloudformation templates on the same region where your Aurora clusters run (both in the source and destination accounts). If that is not possible because AWS Step Functions is not available, you will need to use the SourceRegionOverride parameter explained below.

Source Account

Components

The following components will be created in the source account:

  • 3 Lambda functions (TakeSnapshotsAurora, ShareSnapshotsAurora, DeleteOldSnapshotsAurora)
  • 3 State Machines (Amazon Step Functions) to trigger execution of each Lambda function (stateMachineTakeSnapshotAurora, stateMachineShareSnapshotAurora, stateMachineDeleteOldSnapshotsAurora)
  • 3 Cloudwatch Event Rules to trigger the state functions
  • 3 Cloudwatch Alarms and 1 associated SNS Topic to alert on State Machines failures
  • A Cloudformation stack containing all these resources

Installing in the source account

Run snapshot_tool_aurora_source.json on the Cloudformation console. You wil need to specify the different parameters. The default values will back up all Aurora clusters in the region at 1AM UTC, once a day. If your clusters are encrypted, you will need to provide access to the KMS Key to the destination account. You can read more on how to do that here: https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/share-cmk-account/

Here is a break down of each parameter for the source template:

  • BackupInterval - how many hours between backup

  • BackupSchedule - at what times and how often to run backups. Set in accordance with BackupInterval. For example, set BackupInterval to 8 hours and BackupSchedule 0 0,8,16 * * ? * if you want backups to run at 0, 8 and 16 UTC. If your backups run more often than BackupInterval, snapshots will only be created when the latest snapshot is older than BackupInterval

  • ClusterNamePattern - set to the names of the clusters you want this tool to back up. You can use a Python regex that will be searched in the cluster identifier. For example, if your clusters are named prod-01, prod-02, etc, you can set ClusterNamePattern to prod. The string you specify will be searched anywhere in the name unless you use an anchor such as ^ or $. In most cases, a simple name like "prod" or "dev" will suffice. More information on Python regular expressions here: https://docs.python.org/2/howto/regex.html

  • DestinationAccount - the account where you want snapshots to be copied to

  • LogLevel - The log level you want as output to the Lambda functions. ERROR is usually enough. You can increase to INFO or DEBUG.

  • RetentionDays - the amount of days you want your snapshots to be kept. Snapshots created more than RetentionDays ago will be automatically deleted (only if they contain a tag with Key: CreatedBy, Value: Snapshot Tool for Aurora)

  • ShareSnapshots - Set to TRUE if you are sharing snapshots with a different account. If you set to FALSE, StateMachine, Lambda functions and associated Cloudwatch Alarms related to sharing across accounts will not be created. It is useful if you only want to take backups and manage the retention, but do not need to copy them across accounts or regions.

  • SourceRegionOverride - if you are running Aurora on a region where Step Functions is not available, this parameter will allow you to override the source region. For example, at the time of this writing, you may be running Aurora in Northern California (us-west-1) and would like to copy your snapshots to Montreal (ca-central-1). Neither region supports Step Functions at the time of this writing so deploying this tool there will not work. The solution is to run this template in a region that supports Step Functions (such as North Virginia or Ohio) and set SourceRegionOverride to us-west-1. IMPORTANT: deploy to the closest regions for best results.

  • CodeBucket - this parameter specifies the bucket where the code for the Lambda functions is located. The Lambda function code is located in the lambda directory. These files need to be zipped and on the *root of the bucket or the CloudFormation templates will fail. Please see instructions below on how to build this file hierarchy

  • DeleteOldSnapshots - Set to TRUE to enable functionanility that will delete snapshots after RetentionDays. Set to FALSE if you want to disable this functionality completely. (Associated Lambda and State Machine resources will not be created in the account). WARNING If you decide to enable this functionality later on, bear in mind it will delete all snapshots, older than RetentionDays, created by this tool; not just the ones created after DeleteOldSnapshots is set to TRUE.

  • ShareSnapshots - Set to TRUE to enable functionality that will share snapshots with DestAccount. Set to FALSE to completely disable sharing. (Associated Lambda and State Machine resources will not be created in the account.)

  • SnapshotNamePrefix - Set a name that will be added to the front of the snapshot identifiers when created, so that they are formatted as Addname-ClusterIdentifier-Timestamp. Useful if you need to share snapshots from multiple accounts and need to identify from which account they came from. Use 'NONE' or leave empty if you do not need a prefix (default)

Destination Account

Components

The following components will be created in the destination account:

  • 2 Lambda functions (CopySnapshotsDestAurora, DeleteOldSnapshotsDestAurora)
  • 2 State Machines (Amazon Step Functions) to trigger execution of each Lambda function (stateMachineCopySnapshotsDestAurora, stateMachineDeleteOldSnapshotsDestAurora)
  • 2 Cloudwatch Event Rules to trigger the state functions
  • 2 Cloudwatch Alarms and associated 1 SNS Topic to alert on State Machines failures
  • A Cloudformation stack containing all these resources

On your destination account, you will need to run snapshot_tool_aurora_dest.json on the Cloudformation. As before, you will need to run it in a region where Step Functions is available. The following parameters are available:

  • DestinationRegion - the region where you want your snapshots to be copied. If you set it to the same as the source region, the snapshots will be copied from the source account but will be kept in the source region. This is useful if you would like to keep a copy of your snapshots in a different account but would prefer not to copy them to a different region.
  • CrossAccountCopy - if you only need to copy snapshots across regions and not to a different account, set this to FALSE. When set to FALSE, any snapshots shared with the account will be ignored.
  • SnapshotPattern - similar to ClusterNamePattern. See above
  • DeleteOldSnapshots - Set to TRUE to enable functionanility that will delete snapshots after RetentionDays. Set to FALSE if you want to disable this functionality completely. (Associated Lambda and State Machine resources will not be created in the account). WARNING If you decide to enable this functionality later on, bear in mind it will delete ALL SNAPSHOTS older than RetentionDays created by this tool, not just the ones created after DeleteOldSnapshots is set to TRUE.
  • KmsKeySource KMS Key to be used for copying encrypted snapshots on the source region. If you are copying to a different region, you will also need to provide a second key in the destination region.
  • KmsKeyDestination KMS Key to be used for copying encrypted snapshots to the destination region. If you are not copying to a different region, this parameter is not necessary.
  • RetentionDays - as in the source account, the amount of days you want your snapshots to be kept. Do not set this parameter to a value lower than the source account. Snapshots created more than RetentionDays ago will be automatically deleted (only if they contain a tag with Key: CopiedBy, Value: Snapshot Tool for Aurora)

Updating

This tool is fundamentally stateless. The state is mainly in the tags on the snapshots themselves and the parameters to the CloudFormation stack. If you make changes to the parameters or make changes to the Lambda function code, it is best to delete the stack and then launch the stack again.

Authors

License

This project is licensed under the Apache License - see the LICENSE.txt file for details