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{
"name": "Awesome-competitive-programming",
"tagline": ":gem: A curated list of awesome Competitive Programming, Algorithm and Data Structure resources",
"body": "# Awesome Competitive Programming [](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome)\r\n\r\nA curated list of awesome `Competitive Programming`, `Algorithm` and `Data Structure` resources.\r\n\r\nThis list is aimed to provide a complete reference and guidance for everyone. \r\nNo matter who you are, I hope you'll find this list helpful.\r\n\r\n[What is competitive programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-is-competitive-programming-2)\r\n\r\n\r\n## Contributing\r\nPlease kindly follow [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) to get started.\r\n\r\nYou can also contribute by sharing! \r\nShare the list with your classmates, your friends and everyone :)\r\n\r\n> By connecting more people to information, \r\n> You, are doing not me, but everyone a HUGE favor! \r\n> \r\n> I really hope that more people can benefit from this list :)\r\n\r\n\r\n## Table of Contents\r\n* [Awesome Reference Materials](#awesome-reference-materials)\r\n * [Algorithms and Data Structures](#algorithms-and-data-structures)\r\n * [Syllabuses](#syllabuses)\r\n * [List of Lists](#list-of-lists)\r\n * [Implementations / Notebooks](#implementations--notebooks)\r\n * [Language Specifics](#language-specifics)\r\n * [C/C++](#cc)\r\n * [Java](#java)\r\n * [Miscellaneous](#miscellaneous)\r\n * [Tools](#tools)\r\n * [IDEs](#ides)\r\n * [Personal use](#personal-use)\r\n * [Contest Preparation](#contest-preparation)\r\n\r\n* [Awesome Learning Materials](#awesome-learning-materials)\r\n * [Open Courses](#open-courses)\r\n * [Open Courses for Algorithms and Data Structures](#open-courses-for-algorithms-and-data-structures)\r\n * [Books](#books)\r\n * [Books for Algorithms](#books-for-algorithms)\r\n * [Books for Mathematics](#books-for-mathematics)\r\n * [Sites to Practice](#sites-to-practice)\r\n * [Problem Classifiers](#problem-classifiers)\r\n * [Contest Calendars](#contest-calendars)\r\n * [Sites to ask Questions](#sites-to-ask-questions)\r\n\r\n* [Community](#community)\r\n * [Blogs](#blogs)\r\n * [Youtube and Livestreams](#youtube-and-livestreams)\r\n * [Quora](#quora)\r\n\r\n* [Other Awesome Resources](#other-awesome-resources)\r\n * [Articles](#articles)\r\n * [FAQs](#faqs)\r\n * [Awesome Lists](#awesome-lists)\r\n * [Interview Questions](#interview-questions)\r\n\r\n* [License](#license)\r\n\r\n\r\n## Awesome Reference Materials\r\n\r\n### Algorithms and Data Structures\r\n> Awesome websites to lookup and learn algorithms and data structures.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [topcoder Data Science Tutorials](https://www.topcoder.com/community/data-science/data-science-tutorials/) | A list of tutorials written by respected topcoder members. Many top programmers started learning data sciences from here. |\r\n| ★★★ | [E-Maxx (Russian)](http://e-maxx.ru/algo/), [(English)](http://e-maxx-eng.appspot.com/) | A tutorial website widely used and referenced in the Russian-speaking competitive programming community. Only a small fraction of the original site is translated into English, but Google Translate would work okay.\r\n| ★★☆ | [Algorithms - GeeksforGeeks](http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/fundamentals-of-algorithms/) | A website with a large archive of nicely written articles on different topics. It is a great complimentary resource for algorithm courses. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [PEGWiki](http://wcipeg.com/wiki/Special:AllPages) | A website with amazing in-depth wiki-like writeups on many topics. It's far better than those on Wikipedia in my opinion. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Notes - HackerEarth](https://www.hackerearth.com/practice/notes/trending/) | A great crowdsourcing platform for tutorials. Also visit [Code Monk](https://www.hackerearth.com/practice/codemonk/). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [USA Computing Olympiad (USACO)](http://www.usaco.org/) | Contains several training pages on its website which are designed to develop one's skills in programming solutions to difficult and varied algorithmic problems at one's own pace. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [OLYMPIADS IN INFORMATICS](http://www.mii.lt/olympiads_in_informatics/index.html) | An international journal focused on the research and practice of professionals who are working in the field of teaching and learning informatics to talented student. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [algolist (Russian)](http://algolist.manual.ru/) | A Russian website devoted to algorithms of all sorts. Some topics listed on this website seems pretty interesting. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [演算法筆記 (Algorithm Notes) (Chinese)](http://www.csie.ntnu.edu.tw/~u91029/) | One of the most popular tutorial websites among the Taiwanese competitive programming community. The maintainer for this website spends immense efforts on researching algorithms. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [国家集训队论文 1999-2015 (Papers from Chinese IOI training camps) (Chinese)](http://download.csdn.net/album/detail/657/1/1) | Papers from the Chinese IOI training camps. It's interesting for the fact that one can tell different regions emphasize different things. |\r\n\r\n#### Syllabuses\r\n> Find out what topics you need to learn.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [IOI Syllabus](https://people.ksp.sk/~misof/ioi-syllabus/) | A detailed syllabus on which IOI contestants will be tested. This is still somewhat relevant to ACM-ICPC. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Programming Camp Syllabus](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_dc3Ifg7Gg1LxhiqMMmE9UbTsXpdRiYh4pKILYG2eA4/edit) | A list of important topics in competitive programming with exercise problems. |\r\n\r\n#### List of Lists\r\n> Awesome curated lists classified by topics.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Good Blog Post Resources about Algorithm and Data Structures - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/13529) | A collection of fantastic tutorial blog posts written by Codeforces users. Some intriguing ones include Palindromic Trees, Policy Based Data Structures, and a lot more. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Data Structures and Algorithms - CodeChef Discuss](https://discuss.codechef.com/questions/48877/data-structures-and-algorithms) | A very complete list of competitive programming resources. A must-have in your browser bookmark. |\r\n| ★★★ | [How to prepare for ACM - ICPC? - GeeksforGeeks](http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-prepare-for-acm-icpc/) | A detailed walk-through of the preparations for ACM-ICPC. |\r\n\r\n### Implementations / Notebooks\r\n> Algorithm / Data structure implementations. \r\nIt is advised that you write yours first before looking at others'.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [CodeLibrary](http://code-library.herokuapp.com/), by Andrey Naumenko (indy256) | CodeLibrary contains a large collection of implementations for algorithms and data structures in Java and C++. You may also visit his [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/indy256/codelibrary). |\r\n| ★★★ | [spaghetti-source/algorithm](https://github.com/spaghetti-source/algorithm), by Takanori MAEHARA (@tmaehara) | High-quality implementations of many hard algorithms and data structures. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [jaehyunp/stanfordacm](https://github.com/jaehyunp/stanfordacm) | Stanford's team notebook is well maintained and the codes within are of high-quality. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [ngthanhtrung23/ACM_Notebook_new](https://github.com/ngthanhtrung23/ACM_Notebook_new), by team RR Watameda (I_love_Hoang_Yen, flashmt, nguyenhungtam) from National University of Singapore | RR Watameda represented National University of Singapore for the 2016 ACM-ICPC World Finals. The items in this notebook are pretty standard and well-organized. | \r\n| ★★☆ | [bobogei81123/bcw_codebook](https://github.com/bobogei81123/bcw_codebook), by team bcw0x1bd2 (darkhh, bobogei81123, step5) from National Taiwan University | bcw0x1bd2 represented National Taiwan University for the 2016 ACM-ICPC World Finals. This notebook contains robust implementations for advanced data structures and algorithms. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [foreverbell/acm-icpc-cheat-sheet](https://github.com/foreverbell/acm-icpc-cheat-sheet), by foreverbell (foreverbell) | A notebook with some advanced data structures and algorithms including some from the China informatics scene. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [igor's code archive](http://shygypsy.com/tools/), by Igor Naverniouk (Abednego) | A good notebook by Igor Naverniouk who is currently a software engineer at Google and part of the Google Code Jam team. |\r\n\r\n### Language Specifics\r\n> Languages and other miscellaneous knowledge.\r\n\r\n#### C/C++\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Power up C++ with the Standard Template Library - topcoder: Part 1](https://www.topcoder.com/community/data-science/data-science-tutorials/power-up-c-with-the-standard-template-library-part-1/), [Part 2](https://www.topcoder.com/community/data-science/data-science-tutorials/power-up-c-with-the-standard-template-library-part-2/) | An introductory tutorial on basic C++ STLs. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Yet again on C++ input/output - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/5217) | Learn more about C++ I/O optimizations. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [C++ Tricks - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/15643) ... [What are some cool C++ tricks to use in a programming contest? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/Competitive-Programming/What-are-some-cool-C++-tricks-to-use-in-a-programming-contest) | Plentiful C++ tricks for competitive programming. Note that some should be used with care. |\r\n| ★★★ | [C++ STL: Policy based data structures - Codeforces: Part 1](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/11080), [Part 2](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/13279) | Detailed introduction to the extra data structures implemented in GNU C++. The official documentation can be found [here](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/ext/pb_ds/). |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [C++11 FAQ (English, Chinese, Russian, Japanese, Korean)](http://www.stroustrup.com/C++11FAQ.html) | A list of FAQs regarding C++11 collected and written by Bjarne Stroustrup, the creator of C++. |\r\n\r\n#### Java\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★☆ | [How to read input in Java — tutorial - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/7018) | Learn how to read input faster. This is a must-read for those who intend to use Java for competitive programming |\r\n| ★★☆ | [How to sort arrays in Java and avoid TLE - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/7108) | Some tips on how to avoid hitting the worst case of quick sort |\r\n| ★★☆ | [BigNum arithmetic in Java — Let's outperform BigInteger! - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/17235) | A basic but faster custom BigInteger class |\r\n| ★★☆ | [EZ Collections, EZ Life (new Java library for contests) - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/14328) | A Java library for contests written by Alexey Dergunov (dalex). ArrayList, ArrayDeque, Heap, Sort, HashSet, HashMap, TreeSet, TreeMap, TreeList and pair classes are implemented |\r\n\r\n#### Miscellaneous\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Bit Twiddling Hacks](https://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html) | A huge compiled list of bit manipulation tricks. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Comparing Floating Point Numbers, 2012 Edition - Random ASCII](https://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/) | Everything you need to know about floating point numbers. A must read especially for geometry topics. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Object-Oriented C Style Languages: C++, Objective-C, Java, C# - a side-by-side reference sheet](http://hyperpolyglot.org/cpp) | A detailed side-by-side reference sheet for common syntaxes. |\r\n\r\n### Tools\r\n> Awesome tools that will make your life easier.\r\n\r\n\r\n#### IDEs\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Platform | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Vim](http://www.vim.org/download.php) | CLI / Cross-Platform | Vim is one of the most popular text editors among advanced programmers. It allows text-editing to be done very efficiently with solely keystrokes. Vim is also highly configurable, extensible and integrates with shells (command lines) really well. The only setback about Vim is that it has a high learning curve for beginners. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Emacs](https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/download.html) | CLI / Cross-Platform | Emacs is another popular text editor (or development environment to be more precise). The debate on \"Vim vs. Emacs\" is constantly brought up due to their popularity. Basically Emacs is more than just a text editor. It has plugins like file managers, web browsers, mail clients and news clients that allows users to performs these tasks directly inside Emacs. Emacs is \"heavier\" because of this, but it arguably has a relatively easier learning curve for beginners. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Far Manager](http://www.farmanager.com/download.php?l=en) | Hybrid / Windows | Far Manager is the most widely-used editor in the RU/CIS competitive programming community. It's actually a file manager in its bare bones, but you can install [FarColorer](http://colorer.sourceforge.net/farplugin.html) - a syntax highlighter plugin to program on it. Properly configured, Far Manager allows you to navigate between files very efficiently while writing your codes. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Code::Blocks](http://codeblocks.org/downloads) | GUI / Cross-Platform | Code::Blocks is the go-to IDE for C/C++. It's a full-fledged, versatile IDE with numerous great features. Code::Blocks is usually provided along with Vim in programming contests. |\r\n| ★★★ | [IntelliJ IDEA](https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/#chooseYourEdition) | GUI / Cross-Platform | IntelliJ IDEA is certainly one of the best IDEs for Java. It's used by most competitive programmers who use Java as their main language. Be sure to check out [CHelper](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7091?pr=), a very handy plugin written for programming contests. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Sublime Text](https://www.sublimetext.com/3) | GUI / Cross-Platform | Sublime Text is an extraordinary text editor. Packed with powerful and innovative features like Multiple Carets, Minimaps and Command Palletes, it attracts a strong and engaging community. Sublime Text is highly extensible, so be sure to have [Package Control](https://packagecontrol.io/) installed and explore perhaps one of the largest catalogue of plugins! |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Eclipse](https://eclipse.org/downloads/) | GUI / Cross-Platform | Eclipse is another good IDE for Java. It's an okay alternative to Intellij IDEA (A tad inferior to IDEA by today's standards). Sometimes contests only provide Eclipse for some reason, so this might be a good incentive to try and use Eclipse. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [CLion](https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/download/) | GUI / Cross-Platform | CLion, produced by JetBrains - the same company who made Intellij IDEA, is a powerful IDE for C++. Free educational licenses are available OR you can try out their [EAP (Early Access Program)](https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/CLION/Early+Access+Program) which is still free as of Aug, 2016. You may want to turn off its code inspection feature as it will cause quite a bit of lag. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | Other IDEs | Mixed | [Visual Studio](https://www.visualstudio.com/vs/community/) is the IDE to use in case you want to code in C#, but beware that it will be a 7GB installation. ... Both [Atom](https://atom.io/) and [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) are built with Electron (written in JavaScript) and therefore somewhat resource-hogging. ... [CodeLite](http://codelite.org/) is a newly rising IDE. Beware that the load-up and project-creation times can be extraordinary. | \r\n\r\n#### Personal use\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [VisuAlgo](https://visualgo.net/) | A website featuring a large collection of visualization tools for algorithms and data structures. |\r\n| ★★★ | General Practice Helpers: ... [CHelper](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/7091?pr=idea) (IntelliJ IDEA) ([manual](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3273)) ... [caide](https://github.com/slycelote/caide) (Visual Studio, CodeLite) ... [JHelper](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/13369) (AppCode, CLion) | Great tools that parse contests, inline library codes and provide testing frameworks. They save you from spending your precious time on switching windows and copy-pasting back and forth. |\r\n| ★★☆ | Codeforces Parsers: ... [Codeforces Parser](https://github.com/johnathan79717/codeforces-parser) ... [GoCF](https://github.com/sukeesh/GoCF) ... [cfparser](https://github.com/gnull/cfparser) (emacs) | These tools parse Codeforces contest problems and help run sample tests. |\r\n| ★★★ | [The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (OEIS)](https://oeis.org/) | A stunning encyclopedia with a database of countless integer sequences. It also features a powerful search engine. Sometimes a seemingly difficult combinatorics problem could be equivalent to a simple or studied integer sequence. |\r\n| ★★☆ | Syntax Highlighters: ... [tohtml.com](https://tohtml.com/) ... [markup.su](http://markup.su/highlighter/) ... [hilite.me](http://hilite.me/) | Very handy for creating slides or team notebooks with pretty, formatted code snippets. Just copy the highlighted code snippets and paste them in your favorite WYSIWYG (What-You-See-Is-What-You-Get) editor! |\r\n| ★★☆ | Code Sharing: ... [Ideone.com](http://ideone.com/) ... [Pastebin.com](http://pastebin.com/) ... [Ubuntu Pastebin](http://paste.ubuntu.com/) | These tools generate semi-permanent pages for code sharing. Very useful especially when you're trying to get someone else to look into your code. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Ineffable](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/19083) | A simple command-line grader for local grading. |\r\n\r\n#### Contest Preparation\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [polygon](https://polygon.codeforces.com/) | polygon provides a platform and a rich set of tools for professional contest preparation. ... An example: [Validators with testlib.h - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/18426) |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Graph Editor](https://csacademy.com/app/graph_editor/) | A fantasic tool to create and visualize graphs. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [tcframe](http://tcframe.org/) | A C++ framework for generating test cases of competitive programming problems. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Virtual Judge (vjudge)](http://vjudge.net) | Virtual Judge (vjudge) allows users to create virtual contests with problems from notable problem archives. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [BNU Online Judge](https://www.bnuoj.com/v3/) | BNU Online Judge also allows users to create virtual contests. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Kattis](https://open.kattis.com/) | Kattis assists in contest preparation (E-mail them for assistance). |\r\n\r\n## Awesome Learning Materials\r\n\r\n### Open Courses\r\n> Consider beginning your competitive programming journey with these awesome courses!\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Code Monk](https://www.hackerearth.com/practice/codemonk/), by HackerEarth | A fantastic step-by-step tutorial on the essential topics in competitive programming. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Stanford CS 97SI: Introduction to Competitive Programming Contests](http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs97si/) | Offers comprehensive lecture slides and a short list of exercise problems. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [How to Win Coding Competitions: Secrets of Champions](https://www.edx.org/course/how-win-coding-competitions-secrets-itmox-i2cpx) | A course by ITMO University on competitive coding on edX.|\r\n| ★★☆ | [Codechef's Indian Programming Camp](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLi0ZM-RCX5nsTc2Z6woHr5qoF6n3b-thO) | Video Lectures from [Codechef's Indian Programming Camp 2016](https://blog.codechef.com/2016/08/03/lectures-from-indian-coding-camp/). Lectures given by top competitive programmers like Sergey Kulik, Kevin Charles Atienza and Anudeep Nekkanti. Primarily focused on exploring these concepts by applying them to actual competitive contest problems. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Reykjavik T-414-ÁFLV: A Competitive Programming Course](https://algo.is/competitive-programming-course/) | An awesome course taught by [Bjarki Ágúst Guðmundsson (SuprDewd)](https://algo.is). These lectures feature neat slides and a nice list of problems to practice. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [NCTU DCP4631: Problem Solving and Programming Techniques](https://sites.google.com/site/mzshieh/courses/problem-solving-and-programming-techniques-spring-2014) | A course on basic topics featuring good lecture slides.\r\n| ★☆☆ | [Materials (English)](https://github.com/mostafa-saad/ArabicCompetitiveProgramming) from [Arabic Competitive Programming Channel](https://www.youtube.com/user/nobody123497) | Some materials (slides & source codes) covering a broad range of algorithmic topics |\r\n\r\n#### Open Courses for Algorithms and Data Structures\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [prakhar1989/awesome-courses#algorithms](https://github.com/prakhar1989/awesome-courses#algorithms) | A fantastic list of open courses offered by notable institutions (MIT, Stanford, UC Berkeley ... etc.). |\r\n| ★★★ | [MIT SMA 5503: Introduction to Algorithms](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-046j-introduction-to-algorithms-sma-5503-fall-2005/) | Lectured by Prof. Charles Leiserson (one of the coauthors of Introduction to Algorithms) and Prof. Erik Demaine (a brilliant professor who has made remarkable breakthroughs in data science), the course offers great materials, accompanied by intuitive and comprehensive analyses. |\r\n\r\n### Books\r\n> A list of recommended books for competitive programming.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Competitive Programming](https://cpbook.net/), by Steven and Felix Halim | This book contains a collection of relevant data structures, algorithms, and programming tips. It's a well-received book. ... The first edition is free for [download (pdf)](http://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~stevenha/myteaching/competitive_programming/cp1.pdf). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Programming Challenges: The Programming Contest Training Manual](https://www.amazon.com/Programming-Challenges-Contest-Training-Computer/dp/0387001638), by Steven Skiena and Miguel Revilla | This book includes more than 100 programming challenges, as well as the theory and key concepts necessary for approaching them. Problems are organized by topic, and supplemented by complete tutorial material. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Looking for a Challenge](http://www.lookingforachallengethebook.com/), written by a group of authors associated with the Polish Olympiads | Most of the problems described in the book are really hard but they are explained in such a way that even beginners can understand. It appears to be out of stock (as of Aug, 2016), but you can reserve one on their [official website](http://www.lookingforachallengethebook.com). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Computational Geometry: Algorithms and Applications](https://www.amazon.com/Computational-Geometry-Applications-Mark-Berg/dp/3540779736), by Mark de Berg, Otfried Cheong, Marc van Kreveld, Mark Overmars | This is a well-written book which covers a broad range of computational geometry problems. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Programming Contests](http://comscigate.com/Books/contests/icpc.pdf), by Nite Nimajneb | This book is free for [download (pdf)](http://comscigate.com/Books/contests/icpc.pdf). This book covers various topics relevant to competitive programming. |\r\n| ★★★ | [プログラミングコンテストチャレンジブック (Japanese)](http://goo.gl/M4yfbr), by 秋葉拓哉, 岩田陽一, 北川宜稔 | An absolutely phenomenal book. The contents, organized in a very coherent manner, are nothing short of amazing. ... 培養與鍛鍊程式設計的邏輯腦：世界級程式設計大賽的知識、心得與解題分享 (Chinese Traditional) |\r\n| ★★☆ | [算法竞赛入门经典 (Chinese)](http://www.tup.com.cn/booksCenter/book_05568701.html), by 刘汝佳 | The Art of Algorithms and Programming Contests (English), 打下好基礎：程式設計與演算法競賽入門經典 (Chinese Traditional) |\r\n| ★★☆ | [算法竞赛入门经典——训练指南 (Chinese)](https://www.amazon.cn/算法竞赛入门经典-训练指南-刘汝佳/dp/B009SJJGOU), by 刘汝佳, 陈锋 | 提升程式設計的解題思考力─國際演算法程式設計競賽訓練指南 (Chinese Traditional) |\r\n| ★★★ | [算法艺术与信息学竞赛 (Chinese)](http://goo.gl/O1tr8v), by 刘汝佳, 黄亮 | An old-time classic. It's old but the contents in this book are still considered to be very difficult by today's standards. |\r\n\r\n#### Books for Algorithms\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Introduction to Algorithms](https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/introduction-algorithms), by Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest and Clifford Stein | Also known as CLRS (taken from name initials), this book is often referred to as the \"bible\" for algorithms and data structures. It's one of the most popular textbooks for university algorithm courses. This book covered various algorithms and data structures in great detail. The writing is more rigorous and can be difficult to some. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Algorithm Design](http://amzn.to/VjhioK), by Jon Kleinberg and Éva Tardos | This book revolves around techniques for designing algorithms. It's well-organized and written in a clear, understandable language. Each chapter is backed with practical examples and helpful exercises. The chapter on network flow is highly praised by lots. ... The lecture slides that accompany the textbook are available on its [official website](http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~wayne/kleinberg-tardos/). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [The Algorithm Design Manual](https://www.amazon.com/Algorithm-Design-Manual-Steven-Skiena/dp/1848000693), by Steven S. Skiena | The book is written in more readable text. Some find it comprehensive than other books. You can also find some good resources (including the author's own video lectures) on its [official website](http://www.algorist.com). |\r\n| ★★★ | [Algorithms](https://www.amazon.com/Algorithms-4th-Robert-Sedgewick/dp/032157351X), by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne | This book is neatly categorized, coupled with elaborate explanations and fantastic illustrations. It is used in some IOI training camps as a textbook. |\r\n\r\n#### Books for Mathematics\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications](https://www.amazon.com/Discrete-Mathematics-Applications-Kenneth-Rosen/dp/0072899050), by Kenneth H. Rosen | Discrete Mathematics is closely relevant to competitive programming. This book provides comprehensive materials on a wide range of topics including: Logics and Proofs, Sets, Functions, Sequences, Matrices, Number Theory, Recursion, Counting, Probablity, Graphs, Trees and Boolean Alegra to name but a few. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science](https://www.amazon.com/Concrete-Mathematics-Foundation-Computer-Science/dp/0201558025), by Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth, Oren Patashnik | The book offers a deeper insight into Discrete Mathematics with more emphases on number-related topics. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Linear Algebra and Its Applications](https://www.amazon.com/Linear-Algebra-Its-Applications-5th/dp/032198238X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1455475253&sr=8-1&keywords=Linear+Algebra+and+Its+Applications), by David C. Lay, Steven R. Lay, Judi J. McDonald | The book does a brilliant job at bridging the gap between a physical system (for scientists and engineers) and an abstract system (for mathematicians). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Introduction to Probability](http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/teaching_aids/books_articles/probability_book/book.html), by Charles M. Grinstead, J. Laurie Snell | This is a well-written introductory probabilities book. ... It's free for [download (pdf)](http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/teaching_aids/books_articles/probability_book/amsbook.mac.pdf) (released under GNU Free Documentation License). |\r\n| ★★☆ | [How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical Method](https://www.amazon.com/How-Solve-It-Mathematical-Princeton/dp/069111966X), by G. Polya | An old-time classic. In this book, the author provides a systematic way to solve problems creatively. |\r\n\r\n### Sites to Practice\r\n> Good online judge systems / contest platforms to practice.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/) | Codeforces is one of, if not, the most popular contest platforms out there. Currently maintained by Saratov State University, it features regular contests and countless awesome original problems. Additionally, every contest provides immediate helpful tutorials (usually) written by the authors themselves. Codeforces also houses a strong and engaging community. All in all, one would indeed learn and improve tremendously here. |\r\n| ★★★ | [topcoder](https://www.topcoder.com/) | topcoder has been around since 2001. Rich in history, It's considered to be one of the most prestigious organizations when it comes to technology competitions. Hundreds of SRMs gave birth to an abundant problemset. Problems here are typically more challenging than others and topcoder therefore appeals to many elite programmers. The annual topcoder Open (TCO) is also a widely-discussed event. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Google Code Jam](https://code.google.com/codejam) | Google Code Jam is certainly one of the most highly-esteemed programming competitions. The competition consists of unique programming challenges which must be solved in a fixed amount of time. Competitors may use any programming language and development environment to obtain their solutions. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [CodeChef](https://www.codechef.com/) | CodeChef is a non-profit educational initiative of Directi. It's a global competitive programming platform and has a large community of programmers that helps students and professionals test and improve their coding skills. Its objective is to provide a platform for practice, competition and improvement for both students and professional software developers. Apart from this, it aims to reach out to students while they are young and inculcate a culture of programming in India. |\r\n| ★★★ | [SPOJ](http://www.spoj.com/) | The SPOJ platform is centered around an online judge system. It holds a staggering amount of problems prepared by its community of problem setters or taken from previous programming contests, some of which are great problems for practice (refer to the [Problem classifiers](#problem-classifiers) section). SPOJ also allows advanced users to organize contests under their own rules. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Timus](http://acm.timus.ru/) | Timus Online Judge is the largest Russian archive of programming problems with automatic judging system. Problems are mostly collected from contests held at the Ural Federal University, Ural Championships, Ural ACM ICPC Subregional Contests, and Petrozavodsk Training Camps. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [HDU](http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/) | HDU is an online judge maintained by Hangzhou Dianzi University. It's home to many classic problems from the Chinese IOI scene. |\r\n| ★★★ | [AtCoder](https://atcoder.jp) | AtCoder is a new but phenomenal contest platform created by a team of highly-rated Japanese competitive programmers. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Aizu Online Judge](http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/index.jsp) | Aizu online judge is a contest platform and problem archive hosted by The University of Aizu. It has a lot of great problems from programming competitions in Japan. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [UVa](https://uva.onlinejudge.org/) | An old-school problem archive / online judge with rich history. Thousands of problems, including many classic ones, are featured here. However, it is strongly advised that you practice with [uHunt](http://uhunt.felix-halim.net/id/0) following its \"Competitive Programming Exercise\" section. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com) | HackerRank is a company that focuses on competitive programming challenges for both consumers and businesses. HackerRank's programming challenges can be solved in a variety of programming languages and span multiple computer science domains. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [POJ](http://poj.org/) | POJ is an online judge with many great problems maintained by Peking University. Most Chinese competitive programmers began their journey here. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Project Euler](https://projecteuler.net/) | Project Euler features a stunning set of good math problems. It also hosts a forum where people can discuss. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [Hackerearth](https://www.hackerearth.com/) | HackerEarth is a startup technology company based in Bangalore, India that provides recruitment solutions. |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [Caribbean Online Judge](http://coj.uci.cu/index.xhtml) | COJ is hosted by University of Informatics Sciences (UCI, by its acronym in Spanish), located in Cuba. Feature ACM ICPC and Progresive constest styles, mostly from Caribbean and Latin American problem setters, also has problem classifier and contest calendar. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [CS Academy](https://csacademy.com) | New in the competitive programming scene, CS Academy is a growing online judge that hosts competitions once every two weeks. It supports live chat, interactive lessons and an integrated online editor (that actually works). |\r\n\r\n#### Problem Classifiers\r\n> Sites classifying programming problems. \r\nChoose a category (eg. DP) of interest and practice problems on that topic.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [A2 Online Judge](https://a2oj.com/Categories.jsp) | Mixed |\r\n| ★★★ | [Problem Classifier](http://problemclassifier.appspot.com/) | SPOJ |\r\n| ★★☆ | [UVa Online Judge](https://uva.onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudge&Itemid=8) | CP Book |\r\n| ★☆☆ | [Codeforces Tags](http://codeforces.com/problemset/tags/dp) | CF (DP) |\r\n| ★★☆ | [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/domains/algorithms/warmup) | HackerRank |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Juniors Training Sheet](https://goo.gl/unDETI), by [Mostafa Saad Ibrahim](https://sites.google.com/site/mostafasibrahim/) | Simple problems for newcomers |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Lucky貓的 UVA（ACM）園地 (Chinese)](http://luckycat.kshs.kh.edu.tw/) | UVa |\r\n\r\n#### Contest Calendars\r\n> Calendars for impending programming contests. \r\n(Never miss another contest!)\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Programming Contest Calendar - HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/calendar) | Google Calendar export available |\r\n| ★★☆ | [clist.by](http://clist.by/) | API available for use |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Coding Calendar (Android App)](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.limitskyapps.CodingCalendar) | |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Coder's Calendar](https://github.com/nishanthvijayan/CoderCalendar): [Android App](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.corphots.coderscalendar), [Chrome Extension](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/coders-calendar/bageaffklfkikjigoclfgengklfnidll), [Firefox Add-on](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/coder-calendar/) | |\r\n| ★★★ | [CodeHorizon](http://codehorizon.star-lord.me/): [iOS App](https://itunes.apple.com/in/app/codehorizon/id925056167?mt=8), [Android App](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.chintanghate.CodeHorizon) | |\r\n\r\n### Sites to ask Questions\r\n> These are great sites to ask questions. \r\nPaste your codes at [ideone](http://ideone.com), [pastebin](http://pastebin.com) or other sites to avoid formatting issues.\r\n\r\n| ☆ | Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- | --- |\r\n| ★★★ | [Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/) | For quick answers, Codeforces is definitely the go-to place to ask about anything competition-related. |\r\n| ★★★ | [Competitive Programming - Quora](https://www.quora.com/topic/Competitive-Programming) | You would typically get more elaborate answers on Quora, but you might not have your questions answered straightaway. |\r\n| ★★☆ | [Theoretical Computer Science Stack Exchange](http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/) | This place is generally for the academics, so don't ask questions about contest problems here. |\r\n\r\n\r\n## Community\r\n> Meet the god-like competitive programmers! \r\nLearn helpful tips, tutorials and insights from these people :)\r\n\r\n### Blogs\r\n\r\n| Name (Handle) | Blog Name |\r\n| --- | --- |\r\n| | [Codeforces blogs](http://codeforces.com/) |\r\n| Petr Mitrichev (Petr) | [Algorithms Weekly](http://petr-mitrichev.blogspot.com/) |\r\n| Bruce Merry (bmerry) | [Entropy always increases](http://blog.brucemerry.org.za/) |\r\n| Przemysław Dębiak (Psyho) | [Psyho's blog](http://psyho.gg/) |\r\n| Anudeep Nekkanti (anudeep2011) | [Namespace Anudeep ;)](https://blog.anudeep2011.com/) |\r\n| vexorian (vexorian) | [vexorian's blog](http://www.vexorian.com/) |\r\n| Ashar Fuadi (fushar) | [Fushar's blog](http://fusharblog.com/) |\r\n| LiJie Chen (WJMZBMR) | [WJMZBMR (Chinese)](http://wjmzbmr.com/) |\r\n| Huang I-Wen (dreamoon) | [小月的耍廢日誌 (Chinese)](http://dreamoon4.blogspot.tw/) |\r\n| Shiang-Yun Yang (morris1028) | [Morris' Blog (Chinese)](http://morris821028.github.io/) |\r\n| Yuhao Du (TooDifficuIt, TooSimple, xudyh) | [xudyh (Chinese)](http://xudyh.github.io/) |\r\n\r\n### Youtube and Livestreams\r\n\r\n| Name (Handle) | Link |\r\n| --- | --- |\r\n| | [HackerRank Live Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmyXobPA1T5Vsf28lrBkiSw) |\r\n| Petr Mitrichev (Petr) | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdmeooqNtlN7IhrKlq7hGDA)\r\n| Egor Kulikov (Egor) | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjlLfxSPkYluCDetlwbLpjQ) |\r\n| Adam Bardashevich (subscriber) | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCc4jWVeWjUfpUo8z4PHfopw) |\r\n| Bohdan Pryshchenko (I_love_Tanya_Romanova) | [Twitch](https://www.twitch.tv/lebron_stream), [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWqqnonyL7aVeUYl5Yp8TrQ) |\r\n| Vladimir Smykalov (enot.1.10) | [Twitch](https://www.twitch.tv/enot110), [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWEVsnIXiD5mgWM0LFwZBzA) |\r\n| Aleksandar Abas (Alex7) | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQ5k0-BMFhfvfJQik1r5ZVw) |\r\n| Mostafa Saad Ibrahim (mostafa.saad.fci) | [Competitive Programming Youtube (Arabic Speech-English Text)](https://www.youtube.com/user/nobody123497) |\r\n| Tushar Roy | [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/user/tusharroy2525), with many tutorial videos. |\r\n\r\n### Quora\r\n> Visit [Competitive Programming - Quora](https://www.quora.com/topic/Competitive-Programming) ([Top 10 Most Viewed Writers](https://www.quora.com/topic/Competitive-Programming/writers)).\r\n\r\n| Important Community Figures | Description |\r\n| --- | --- |\r\n| [Bill Poucher](https://www.quora.com/profile/Bill-Poucher) | Executive Director of [ACM-ICPC](https://icpc.baylor.edu). CS Professor at Baylor University. | \r\n| [Michal Forišek (misof)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Michal-Fori%C5%A1ek) | Organizer of [IPSC](https://ipsc.ksp.sk) and [IOI](http://ioinformatics.org/). CS Teacher at Comenius University in Slovakia. Algorithm and CS Education Researcher. Former highly-rated competitive programmer. |\r\n| [Ahmed Aly (ahmed_aly)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Ahmed-Aly) | Founder of [A2OJ](https://www.quora.com/profile/Ahmed-Aly). [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com) Lead Software Engineer. Former member of the [Google Code Jam](https://code.google.com/codejam/) team. |\r\n\r\n| Competitive Programmers | | | \r\n| --- | --- | --- | \r\n| [Thanh Trung Nguyen (I_love_Hoang_Yen)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Thanh-Trung-Nguyen) | [Brian Bi (bbi5291)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Brian-Bi) | [Jonathan Paulson (jonathanpaulson)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Jonathan-Paulson) | \r\n| [Miguel Oliveira (mogers)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Miguel-Oliveira-2) | [Egor Suvorov (yeputons)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Egor-Suvorov) | [Michal Danilák (Mimino)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Michal-Danil%C3%A1k) | \r\n| [Bohdan Pryshchenko (I_love_Tanya_Romanova)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Bohdan-Pryshchenko) | [Vladimir Novakovski (vnovakovski)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Vladimir-Novakovski) | [Nick Wu (xiaowuc1)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Nick-Wu-4) | \r\n| [Cosmin Negruseri](https://www.quora.com/profile/Cosmin-Negruseri) | [Lalit Kundu (darkshadows)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Lalit-Kundu) | [Ashish Kedia (ashish1294)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Ashish-Kedia) | \r\n| [Johnny Ho (random.johnnyh)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Johnny-Ho) | [Joshua Pan (lonerz)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Joshua-Pan-1) | [Anudeep Nekkanti (anudeep2011)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Anudeep-Nekkanti) | \r\n| [Steven Hao (stevenkplus)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Steven-Hao) | [Raziman T.V. (razimantv)](https://www.quora.com/profile/Raziman-T-V) | |\r\n\r\n\r\n## Other Awesome Resources\r\n\r\n### Articles\r\n> Informative and helpful articles\r\n\r\n| Subject |\r\n| --- |\r\n| [Overview of Programming Contests](http://psyho.gg/overview-of-programming-contests/), by Przemysław Dębiak (Psyho) |\r\n| [The 'science' of training in competitive programming - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/17842), by Thanh Trung Nguyen (I_love_Hoang_Yen) |\r\n| [If you ask me how to improve your algorithm competition skill, I will give you the link of this blog. - Codeforces](http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/16599), by Huang I-Wen (dreamoon) |\r\n| [How to prepare for ACM - ICPC? - GeeksforGeeks](http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-prepare-for-acm-icpc/), by Vishwesh Shrimali |\r\n\r\n### FAQs\r\n> Fine answers to frequently-asked questions \r\n\r\n| Question |\r\n| --- |\r\n| [How do I start competitive programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-start-competitive-programming-5) |\r\n| [How can I become good at competitive programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-become-good-at-competitive-programming-Are-there-any-courses-that-will-take-me-one-step-forward-before-I-start-doing-SPOJ-or-TopCoder-problems) ... [What is the best strategy to improve my skills in competitive programming in 2-3 months? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-strategy-to-improve-my-skills-in-competitive-programming-in-2-3-months) ... [What is a good 6 month plan to start and progress through competitive programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-is-a-good-6-month-plan-to-start-and-progress-through-competitive-programming) |\r\n| [How is competitive programming different from real-life programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/How-is-competitive-programming-different-from-real-life-programming) |\r\n| [What have you gained from competitive programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-have-you-gained-from-competitive-programming) |\r\n\r\n### Awesome Lists\r\n> Relevant awesome lists\r\n\r\n| Name | Link |\r\n| --- | --- |\r\n| C++ Books | [The Definitive C++ Book Guide and List - Stack Overflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/388242/the-definitive-c-book-guide-and-list)\r\n| Java Books | [What are the best books to learn Java? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-best-books-to-learn-Java) |\r\n| Advanced Java Books | [What is the best book for advanced Java programming? - Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-book-for-advanced-Java-programming) |\r\n| Algorithms | [tayllan/awesome-algorithms](https://github.com/tayllan/awesome-algorithms) |\r\n| Algorithm Visualization | [enjalot/algovis](https://github.com/enjalot/algovis) |\r\n| Math | [rossant/awesome-math](https://github.com/rossant/awesome-math) |\r\n| C++ | [fffaraz/awesome-cpp](https://github.com/fffaraz/awesome-cpp) |\r\n| Java | [akullpp/awesome-java](https://github.com/akullpp/awesome-java) |\r\n| Courses | [prakhar1989/awesome-courses](https://github.com/prakhar1989/awesome-courses) |\r\n| Free Programming Books | [vhf/free-programming-books](https://github.com/vhf/free-programming-books) |\r\n\r\n### Interview Questions\r\n| Name | Description |\r\n| --- | --- |\r\n| [CareerCup](https://www.careercup.com) | The most popular website for software engineering interview preparation. | \r\n| [InterviewBit](https://www.interviewbit.com) | Features intriguing and refreshing game-play designs which are designed to invoke one's interest in practicing. |\r\n| [Awesome Interviews](https://github.com/MaximAbramchuck/awesome-interview-questions) | A curated list of awesome interview questions |\r\n| [LeetCode Video Tutorials](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLGvfHSgImk4ZR3v2drDwHrmwu2a645sxL) | A set of videos explaining LeetCode problems. |\r\n\r\n## License\r\n\r\n[](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)\r\n\r\nAwesome Competitive Programming is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\r\n",
"note": "Don't delete this file! It's used internally to help with page regeneration."
}