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powa.c
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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* powa.c: PoWA background worker
*
* This program is open source, licensed under the PostgreSQL license.
* For license terms, see the LICENSE file.
*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2017, DALIBO
* Copyright (c) 2018-2024, The PoWA-team
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 90500
#error "PoWA requires PostgreSQL 9.5 or later"
#endif
/* For a bgworker */
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "postmaster/bgworker.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h"
#include "storage/latch.h"
#include "storage/lwlock.h"
#include "storage/proc.h"
#include "storage/shmem.h"
/* Access a database */
#include "access/xact.h"
#include "executor/spi.h"
#include "fmgr.h"
#include "lib/stringinfo.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/snapmgr.h"
/* Some catalog elements */
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "utils/timestamp.h"
/* For CacheMemoryContext */
#include "utils/catcache.h"
/* There is a GUC */
#include "utils/guc.h"
/* We use tuplestore */
#include "funcapi.h"
/* pgsats access */
#include "pgstat.h"
/* rename process */
#include "utils/ps_status.h"
PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
#define POWA_STAT_FUNC_COLS 4 /* # of cols for functions stat SRF */
#define POWA_STAT_TAB_COLS 21 /* # of cols for relations stat SRF */
#define MIN_POWA_FREQUENCY 5000 /* minimum ms between two snapshots */
#define QUERY_NSP "SELECT quote_ident(nspname) FROM pg_extension e" \
" JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = e.extnamespace" \
" WHERE e.extname = 'powa'"
#define QUERY_APPNAME "SET application_name = 'PoWA - collector'"
typedef enum
{
POWA_STAT_FUNCTION,
POWA_STAT_TABLE
} PowaStatKind;
void _PG_init(void);
static bool powa_check_frequency_hook(int *newval, void **extra, GucSource source);
static void compute_powa_frequency(void);
static int64 compute_next_wakeup(void);
static void powa_get_snapshot_query(StringInfo query);
Datum powa_stat_user_functions(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
Datum powa_stat_all_rel(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
static Datum powa_stat_common(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PowaStatKind kind);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(powa_stat_user_functions);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(powa_stat_all_rel);
#if (PG_VERSION_NUM >= 90500)
PGDLLEXPORT void powa_main(Datum main_arg) pg_attribute_noreturn();
#else
PGDLLEXPORT void powa_main(Datum main_arg) __attribute__((noreturn));
#endif
static void powa_sighup(SIGNAL_ARGS);
static void powa_process_sighup(void);
static instr_time last_start; /* last snapshot start */
static int powa_frequency; /* powa.frequency GUC */
static instr_time time_powa_frequency; /* same in instr_time format */
static bool force_snapshot = false; /* used to force snapshot after enabling powa */
static int powa_retention; /* powa.retention GUC */
static int powa_coalesce; /* powa.coalesce GUC */
static char *powa_database = NULL; /* powa.database GUC */
static char *powa_ignored_users = NULL; /* powa.ignored_users GUC */
static bool powa_debug = false; /* powa.debug GUC */
/* flags set by signal handlers */
static volatile sig_atomic_t got_sighup = false;
static bool
powa_check_frequency_hook(int *newval, void **extra, GucSource source)
{
if (*newval >= MIN_POWA_FREQUENCY || *newval == -1)
return true;
return false;
}
static void
compute_powa_frequency(void)
{
int local_frequency = powa_frequency;
/*
* If PoWA is deactivated, arbitrarily set a sleep time of one hour to save
* resources. The actual sleep time is not problematic since the
* reactivation can only be done with a sighup, which will set the latch
* used for the sleep.
*/
if (powa_frequency == -1)
local_frequency = 3600000;
/* Initialize time_powa_frequency to do maths with it */
#if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 160000
time_powa_frequency.ticks = local_frequency / 1000 * NS_PER_S;
#else
#ifndef WIN32
INSTR_TIME_SET_ZERO(time_powa_frequency);
time_powa_frequency.tv_sec = local_frequency / 1000; /* Seconds */
#else
time_powa_frequency.QuadPart = local_frequency / 1000 * GetTimerFrequency();
#endif /* WIN32 */
#endif /* pg16+ */
}
static int64
compute_next_wakeup(void)
{
instr_time time_to_wait, now;
/*
* If powa was deactivated and is now reactivated, we force an immediate
* snapshot, and start usual interval sleep. In order to do that, we have
* to setup a new last_start reference to now minus powa_frequency so that
* the next calls to this function will return expected sleep time.
*/
if (force_snapshot)
{
force_snapshot = false;
INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(last_start);
INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(last_start, time_powa_frequency);
return 0;
}
memcpy(&time_to_wait, &last_start, sizeof(last_start));
INSTR_TIME_ADD(time_to_wait, time_powa_frequency);
INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(now);
INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(time_to_wait, now);
return INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(time_to_wait);
}
/*
* Generate the needed statement to perform a local snapshot.
* The only needed dynamic part is the powa schema to qualify the function.
*/
static void
powa_get_snapshot_query(StringInfo query)
{
char *nsp = NULL;
int ret;
SetCurrentStatementStartTimestamp();
StartTransactionCommand();
SPI_connect();
PushActiveSnapshot(GetTransactionSnapshot());
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_RUNNING, QUERY_NSP);
ret = SPI_execute(QUERY_NSP, false, 0);
if ((ret == SPI_OK_SELECT) && (SPI_processed == 1))
{
MemoryContext oldcxt;
SPITupleTable *spi_tuptable = SPI_tuptable;
TupleDesc spi_tupdesc = spi_tuptable->tupdesc;
HeapTuple spi_tuple = spi_tuptable->vals[0];
char *tmp;
Assert(spi_tupdesc->natts == 1);
tmp = SPI_getvalue(spi_tuple, spi_tupdesc, 1);
/* There should always be a value */
Assert(tmp);
oldcxt = MemoryContextSwitchTo(CacheMemoryContext);
nsp = pstrdup(tmp);
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);
}
else
elog(ERROR, "Could not find PoWA schema");
SPI_finish();
PopActiveSnapshot();
CommitTransactionCommand();
pgstat_report_stat(false);
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
set_ps_display("idle"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 130000
, false
#endif
);
Assert(nsp);
elog(LOG,"Found PoWA in schema %s", nsp);
initStringInfo(query);
appendStringInfoString(query, "SET search_path TO pg_catalog;");
appendStringInfo(query, "SELECT %s.powa_take_snapshot()", nsp);
pfree(nsp);
}
/*
* As of powa 4, this extension can be with a remote snapshot daemon instead of
* the dedicated background worker. In order to allow this daemon to use the
* statistic functions powa provide, we now allow to load the extension from
* outside shared_preload_libraries.
*/
void
_PG_init(void)
{
BackgroundWorker worker;
/*
* This setting can be used for datasource function, so we always define
* this GUC
*/
DefineCustomStringVariable("powa.ignored_users",
"Defines a coma-separated list of users to ignore when taking activity snapshot",
NULL,
&powa_ignored_users,
NULL, PGC_SIGHUP, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
DefineCustomBoolVariable("powa.debug",
"Provide logs to help troubleshooting issues",
NULL,
&powa_debug,
false, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
/*
* The rest of the GUCs are not required when the bgworker isn't active,
* but it can be useful when manually calling powa_take_snapshot(), and
* defining them doesn't hurt anyway
*/
DefineCustomIntVariable("powa.frequency",
"Defines the frequency in seconds of the snapshots",
NULL,
&powa_frequency,
300000,
-1,
INT_MAX / 1000,
PGC_SUSET, GUC_UNIT_MS,
powa_check_frequency_hook,
NULL,
NULL);
DefineCustomIntVariable("powa.coalesce",
"Defines the amount of records to group together in the table (more compact)",
NULL,
&powa_coalesce,
100, 5, INT_MAX, PGC_SUSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
DefineCustomIntVariable("powa.retention",
"Automatically purge data older than N minutes",
NULL,
&powa_retention,
HOURS_PER_DAY * MINS_PER_HOUR,
0,
INT_MAX / SECS_PER_MINUTE,
PGC_SUSET, GUC_UNIT_MIN, NULL, NULL, NULL);
EmitWarningsOnPlaceholders("powa");
/*
* Following code is only needed for the bgworker, so only used when powa
* is loaded in shared_preload_libraries.
*/
if (!process_shared_preload_libraries_in_progress)
return;
DefineCustomStringVariable("powa.database",
"Defines the database of the workload repository",
NULL,
&powa_database,
"powa", PGC_POSTMASTER, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
/*
* Register the worker processes
*/
memset(&worker, 0, sizeof(worker));
worker.bgw_flags =
BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS | BGWORKER_BACKEND_DATABASE_CONNECTION;
worker.bgw_start_time = BgWorkerStart_RecoveryFinished; /* Must write to the
* database */
#if (PG_VERSION_NUM >= 100000)
snprintf(worker.bgw_library_name, BGW_MAXLEN, "powa");
snprintf(worker.bgw_function_name, BGW_MAXLEN, "powa_main");
#else
worker.bgw_main = powa_main;
#endif
snprintf(worker.bgw_name, BGW_MAXLEN, "powa");
worker.bgw_restart_time = 10;
worker.bgw_main_arg = (Datum) 0;
#if (PG_VERSION_NUM >= 90400)
worker.bgw_notify_pid = 0;
#endif
RegisterBackgroundWorker(&worker);
}
void
powa_main(Datum main_arg)
{
StringInfoData query_snapshot;
int64 us_to_wait; /* Should be uint64 per postgresql's spec, but we
may have negative result, in our tests */
if (IsBinaryUpgrade)
{
elog(LOG, "Binary upgrade mode detected, PoWA worker will exit");
proc_exit(0);
}
/* check powa_frequency validity, and if powa is enabled */
compute_powa_frequency();
/*
* Set up signal handler, then unblock signals
*/
pqsignal(SIGHUP, powa_sighup);
BackgroundWorkerUnblockSignals();
if (powa_frequency == -1)
{
elog(LOG, "PoWA is deactivated");
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
}
/*
* First check if local snapshot is disabled, and sleep at that point if
* that's the case. This avoids spurious logging if powa is in
* shared_preload_libraries but the target database hasn't been created.
*/
while (powa_frequency == -1)
{
/* Check if a SIGHUP has been received */
powa_process_sighup();
if (powa_frequency != -1)
break;
/* sleep */
WaitLatch(&MyProc->procLatch,
WL_LATCH_SET | WL_TIMEOUT | WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH,
3600000
#if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 100000
,PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
#endif
);
ResetLatch(&MyProc->procLatch);
}
/* Define the snapshot reference time when the bgworker start */
INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(last_start);
/* Connect to POWA database */
#if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 110000
BackgroundWorkerInitializeConnection(powa_database, NULL, 0);
#else
BackgroundWorkerInitializeConnection(powa_database, NULL);
#endif
elog(LOG, "POWA connected to database %s", quote_identifier(powa_database));
set_ps_display("init"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 130000
, false
#endif
);
StartTransactionCommand();
SetCurrentStatementStartTimestamp();
SPI_connect();
PushActiveSnapshot(GetTransactionSnapshot());
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_RUNNING, QUERY_APPNAME);
SPI_execute(QUERY_APPNAME, false, 0);
SPI_finish();
PopActiveSnapshot();
CommitTransactionCommand();
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
set_ps_display("idle"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 130000
, false
#endif
);
/* Generate the schema-qualified snapshot query. */
powa_get_snapshot_query(&query_snapshot);
/*------------------
* Main loop of POWA
* We exit from here if:
* - we got a SIGINT (default bgworker sig handlers)
* - powa.frequency becomes < 0 (change config and SIGHUP)
*/
for (;;)
{
/* Check if a SIGHUP has been received */
powa_process_sighup();
if (powa_frequency != -1)
{
set_ps_display("snapshot"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 130000
, false
#endif
);
SetCurrentStatementStartTimestamp();
StartTransactionCommand();
SPI_connect();
PushActiveSnapshot(GetTransactionSnapshot());
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_RUNNING, query_snapshot.data);
SPI_execute(query_snapshot.data, false, 0);
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_RUNNING, QUERY_APPNAME);
SPI_execute(QUERY_APPNAME, false, 0);
SPI_finish();
PopActiveSnapshot();
CommitTransactionCommand();
pgstat_report_stat(false);
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, NULL);
set_ps_display("idle"
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 130000
, false
#endif
);
}
/* sleep loop */
for (;;)
{
StringInfoData buf;
/* Check if a SIGHUP has been received */
powa_process_sighup();
/*
* We might be in this loop for a long time, so we need to call
* CFI() to promptly respond to any pending event
*/
CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
/*
* Compute if there is still some time to wait (we could have been
* woken up by a latch, or snapshot took more than frequency)
*/
us_to_wait = compute_next_wakeup();
if (us_to_wait <= 0)
break;
/* Tell the world we are waiting */
elog(DEBUG1, "Waiting for %li milliseconds", us_to_wait/1000);
initStringInfo(&buf);
appendStringInfo(&buf, "-- sleeping for %li seconds",
us_to_wait / 1000000);
pgstat_report_activity(STATE_IDLE, buf.data);
pfree(buf.data);
/* sleep */
WaitLatch(&MyProc->procLatch,
WL_LATCH_SET | WL_TIMEOUT | WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH,
us_to_wait/1000
#if PG_VERSION_NUM >= 100000
,PG_WAIT_EXTENSION
#endif
);
ResetLatch(&MyProc->procLatch);
} /* end of sleep loop */
/*
* We've stop waiting. Let's increment the snapshot reference time to
* it's ideal target, not to now, so errors don't add up
*/
INSTR_TIME_ADD(last_start, time_powa_frequency);
} /* end of snapshot loop */
}
/*
* Signal handler for SIGHUP
* Set a flag to tell the main loop to reread the config file, do sanity
* check, recompute the frequency and set our latch to wake it up.
*/
static void
powa_sighup(SIGNAL_ARGS)
{
int save_errno = errno;
got_sighup = true;
if (MyProc)
SetLatch(&MyProc->procLatch);
errno = save_errno;
}
/*
* Do all the needed work if a SIGHUP has been received
* - reread the config file
* - exit the bgworker if the frequency is invalid
* - compute the time_powa_frequency var
*/
static void
powa_process_sighup(void)
{
if (got_sighup)
{
int old_powa_frequency = powa_frequency;
got_sighup = false;
ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
/* setup force_snapshot if powa is reactivated */
if (old_powa_frequency == -1 && powa_frequency != -1)
{
elog(LOG, "PoWA is activated");
force_snapshot = (old_powa_frequency == -1 && powa_frequency != -1);
}
else if (old_powa_frequency != -1 && powa_frequency == -1)
elog(LOG, "PoWA is deactivated");
compute_powa_frequency();
}
}
Datum
powa_stat_user_functions(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
return powa_stat_common(fcinfo, POWA_STAT_FUNCTION);
}
Datum
powa_stat_all_rel(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
return powa_stat_common(fcinfo, POWA_STAT_TABLE);
}
static Datum
powa_stat_common(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, PowaStatKind kind)
{
ReturnSetInfo *rsinfo = (ReturnSetInfo *) fcinfo->resultinfo;
MemoryContext per_query_ctx;
MemoryContext oldcontext;
TupleDesc tupdesc;
Tuplestorestate *tupstore;
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 150000
Oid dbid = PG_GETARG_OID(0);
Oid backend_dbid;
PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
HASH_SEQ_STATUS hash_seq;
#endif
/* check to see if caller supports us returning a tuplestore */
if (rsinfo == NULL || !IsA(rsinfo, ReturnSetInfo))
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
errmsg("set-valued function called in context that cannot accept a set")));
if (!(rsinfo->allowedModes & SFRM_Materialize))
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
errmsg("materialize mode required, but it is not " \
"allowed in this context")));
per_query_ctx = rsinfo->econtext->ecxt_per_query_memory;
oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(per_query_ctx);
/* Build a tuple descriptor for our result type */
if (get_call_result_type(fcinfo, NULL, &tupdesc) != TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE)
elog(ERROR, "return type must be a row type");
tupstore = tuplestore_begin_heap(true, false, work_mem);
rsinfo->returnMode = SFRM_Materialize;
rsinfo->setResult = tupstore;
rsinfo->setDesc = tupdesc;
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 150000
/* -----------------------------------------------------
* Force deep statistics retrieval of specified database.
*
* Deep means to also include tables and functions HTAB, which is what we
* want here.
*
* The stat collector isn't suppose to act this way, since a backend can't
* access data outside the database it's connected to. It's not a problem
* here since we only need the identifier that are stored in the pgstats,
* the UI will connect to the database to do the lookup.
*
* So, to ensure we'll have fresh statitics of the wanted database, we have
* to do following (ugly) tricks:
*
* - clear the current statistics cache. If a previous function already
* asked for statistics in the same transaction, calling
* pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry would() just return the cache, which would
* probably belong to another database. As the powa snapshot works inside
* a function, we have the guarantee that this function will be called for
* all the databases in a single transaction anyway.
*
* - change the global var MyDatabaseId to the wanted databaseid. pgstat
* is designed to only retrieve statistics for current database, so we
* need to fool it.
*
* - call pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry().
*
* - restore MyDatabaseId.
*
* - and finally clear again the statistics cache, to make sure any further
* statement in the transaction will see the data related to the right
* database.
*
* The pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry() has to be done inside a PG_TRY bloc so
* we make sure that MyDatabaseId is restored and the statistics cache is
* cleared if an error happens during the call.
*/
pgstat_clear_snapshot();
backend_dbid = MyDatabaseId;
MyDatabaseId = dbid;
PG_TRY();
{
dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(dbid);
}
PG_CATCH();
{
MyDatabaseId = backend_dbid;
pgstat_clear_snapshot();
PG_RE_THROW();
}
PG_END_TRY();
MyDatabaseId = backend_dbid;
if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL &&
dbentry->tables != NULL)
{
switch (kind)
{
case POWA_STAT_FUNCTION:
{
PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
hash_seq_init(&hash_seq, dbentry->functions);
while ((funcentry = hash_seq_search(&hash_seq)) != NULL)
{
Datum values[POWA_STAT_FUNC_COLS];
bool nulls[POWA_STAT_FUNC_COLS];
int i = 0;
memset(values, 0, sizeof(values));
memset(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(funcentry->functionid);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum(funcentry->f_numcalls);
values[i++] = Float8GetDatum(((double) funcentry->f_total_time) / 1000.0);
values[i++] = Float8GetDatum(((double) funcentry->f_self_time) / 1000.0);
Assert(i == POWA_STAT_FUNC_COLS);
tuplestore_putvalues(tupstore, tupdesc, values, nulls);
}
break;
}
case POWA_STAT_TABLE:
{
PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry = NULL;
hash_seq_init(&hash_seq, dbentry->tables);
while ((tabentry = hash_seq_search(&hash_seq)) != NULL)
{
Datum values[POWA_STAT_TAB_COLS];
bool nulls[POWA_STAT_TAB_COLS];
int i = 0;
memset(values, 0, sizeof(values));
memset(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));
/* Oid of the table (or index) */
values[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(tabentry->tableid);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->numscans);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_returned);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_fetched);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_inserted);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_updated);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_deleted);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->tuples_hot_updated);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->n_live_tuples);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->n_dead_tuples);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->changes_since_analyze);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) (tabentry->blocks_fetched - tabentry->blocks_hit));
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->blocks_hit);
/* last vacuum */
if (tabentry->vacuum_timestamp == 0)
nulls[i++] = true;
else
values[i++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(tabentry->vacuum_timestamp);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->vacuum_count);
/* last_autovacuum */
if (tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp == 0)
nulls[i++] = true;
else
values[i++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(tabentry->autovac_vacuum_timestamp);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->autovac_vacuum_count);
/* last_analyze */
if (tabentry->analyze_timestamp == 0)
nulls[i++] = true;
else
values[i++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(tabentry->analyze_timestamp);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->analyze_count);
/* last_autoanalyze */
if (tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp == 0)
nulls[i++] = true;
else
values[i++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(tabentry->autovac_analyze_timestamp);
values[i++] = Int64GetDatum((int64) tabentry->autovac_analyze_count);
Assert(i == POWA_STAT_TAB_COLS);
tuplestore_putvalues(tupstore, tupdesc, values, nulls);
}
break;
}
}
}
/*
* Make sure any subsequent statistic retrieving will not see the one we
* just fetched
*/
pgstat_clear_snapshot();
#endif
return (Datum) 0;
}