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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<title>Pilot study A: Application of the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera for surface water quality assesment</title>
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<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Pilot study A: Application of the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera for surface water quality assesment</h1>
<h3 class="subtitle"><em>Deriving turbidity and suspended matter from surface water</em></h3>
</div>
<p><img src="drone.PNG" width="100%" /></p>
<p>Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera mounted under a drone.</p>
<hr />
<div id="approach" class="section level3">
<h3>Approach</h3>
<div class="figure">
<img src="flowchart.PNG" style="width:100.0%" />
</div>
<p>*10 validation points (w1~w10)</p>
<p><strong>Study area Lollebeek (lat: 51.489167,long: 6.055111)</strong></p>
<div class="figure">
<img src="lollebeek.png" style="width:75.0%" />
</div>
<p>Field campaign were carried out on April 10, 2018.</p>
<hr />
</div>
<div id="reflectance-maps" class="section level3">
<h3>Reflectance maps</h3>
<div class="figure">
<img src="monoc.PNG" alt="Reflectance maps of Green, Red, Red Edge and NIR bands (scale is based on specific percentile range )" style="width:74.0%" />
<p class="caption">Reflectance maps of Green, Red, Red Edge and NIR bands (scale is based on specific percentile range )</p>
</div>
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<img src="ratindx_1.PNG" style="width:70.0%" />
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<img src="ratindx_2.PNG" style="width:70.0%" />
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<p>Calculated band ratio and band index reflectance maps (scale is based on specific percentile range )</p>
<hr />
</div>
<div id="data-analysis" class="section level3">
<h3>Data analysis</h3>
<p><strong>Descriptive statistics</strong></p>
<p><img src="studya_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png" width="672" /></p>
<p>Boxplots from 10 validation points. M = median</p>
<p><strong>Best prediction model</strong></p>
<p>No relationship can be found between turbidity and suspended matter in our case. However, there is a relationship between turbidity and the Red/ NIR ratio. Three validation points (w2, w4, w7) were excluded to create the linear regression model below.</p>
<p><img src="studya_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png" width="672" /></p>
<p><strong>Turbidity equation</strong></p>
<p>Based on the previous regression model the following turbidity equation can be derived:</p>
<p><span class="math inline">\(Turbidity (NTU) = 5.6 +13.4(\frac{Red}{NIR}) \pm 0.7\)</span></p>
<hr />
</div>
<div id="turbidity-map" class="section level3">
<h3>Turbidity map</h3>
<p>Applying the turbidity equation to the Red/ NIR ratio reflectance map resulted into the turbidity coverage map below. The turbidity range scales from 14 to 19 NTU. Notice the patterns of similarity between the stream bed and turbidity layer.</p>
<p><strong>Interactive turbidity map</strong></p>
<iframe width="100%" height="650px" src="turbidity.html" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen>
</iframe>
<p><a href="https://williamtjiong.github.io/remotesensing/turbidity.html">Click here for a full screen preview</a></p>
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