hepparticles.sty

\def\fileversion{1.4}
\def\filedate{2005/02/22}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{hepparticles}[\filedate\space HEP particle typesetting (v\fileversion)]
\RequirePackage{maybemath}
%\RequirePackage{xspace}

%% Package options
\def\@italicNames{}%
\def\@forceItalic{}%
\def\@maybeSansSerif{yes}% default is ON
\def\@emptyOption{}%
\def\@empty{}%

%% Make particle symbols behave as for generic math mode
\DeclareOption{italic}{%
  \def\@italicNames{yes}%
}
%% Force particle symbols to behave as for italic math mode
\DeclareOption{itforce}{%
  \def\@italicNames{yes}%
  \def\@forceItalic{yes}%
}
%% Force upright particle names (default)
\DeclareOption{notitalic}{%
  \def\@italicNames{}%
  \def\@forceItalic{}%
}
%% Allow particle names to be sans-serif in context (no italics, even for generic particles)
\DeclareOption{maybess}{%
  \def\@maybeSansSerif{yes}%
}
\DeclareOption{noss}{%
  \def\@maybeSansSerif{}%
}
\ProcessOptions

%% A set of macros for typesetting high energy particle names, to
%% meet the following criteria:
%%
%% 1. The main particle name is a Roman or Greek symbol, to be 
%%    typeset in upright font in normal contexts. Note that this
%%    follows from the mathematical convention that italics are 
%%    only used to designate *variables* and that concrete particle
%%    names are not variables. However, if a symbol is being used 
%%    to represent a whole class of possible concrete particles then
%%    that symbol should be italicised as befits a genuine variable.
%%
%% 2. Additionally a superscript and/or subscript may follow the
%%    main symbol.
%%
%% 3. Particle resonances may also have a resonance mass specifier
%%    which is typeset in parentheses following the main symbol
%%    e.g. (1440) and a spectroscopic term, e.g. P_11.
%%    In general these may also be followed by sub- and
%%    super-scripts.
%%
%% 4. The particle names are expected to be used both in and out
%%    of mathematical contexts.
%%
%% 5. If the surrounding text is bold or italic then the particle 
%%    name should adapt to that context as best as possible (this
%%    may not be possible for Greek symbols).
%%
%% 6. Over-lines and over-tildes are used to indicate anti-particles
%%    and supersymmetric (SUSY) particles respectively. The line and/or
%%    tilde are only placed above the main symbol, NOT the accompanying 
%%    sub- and super-scripts.
%%
%% 7. Sub- and super-scripts should be at the same heights for particles,
%%    anti-particles, SUSY particles and SUSY-anti-particles.
%%
%% A consequence of point 5 is that the well-known problems with
%% boldness of particle names in section titles, headers and
%% tables of contents automatically disappear if these macros are 
%% used.
%%
%%
%% The macros provided are as follows:
%%
%% For generic particle names e.g. all positively charged leptons:
%%   \HepGenParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepGenAntiParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%
%% For concrete particle names:
%%   \HepParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepAntiParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%
%% For supersymmetric "sparticles":
%%   \HepSusyParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepGenSusyParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepSusyAntiParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepGenSusyAntiParticle{main}{subscript}{superscript}
%% 
%% For resonance specifiers (just the extra terms):
%%   \HepResonanceMassTerm{mainTermInParenths}{subscript}{superscript}
%%   \HepResonanceSpecTerm{mainSpecTerm}{subscript}{superscript}
%% 
%% For the total particle name and resonance specifications: the
%% ``formal'' definitions include the spectroscopic term and the 
%% ``full'' versions pf each require the main particle name to be
%% explicitly specified rather than just pass a \HepParticle as the first arg:
%%   \HepParticleResonance{name}{mass}{massSub}{massSup}
%%   \HepParticleResonanceFormal{name}{mass}{massSub}\
%%                              {massSup}{spec}{specSub}{specSup}
%%   \HepParticleResonanceFull{name}{sub}{sup}{mass}{massSub}{massSup}
%%   \HepParticleResonanceFormalFull{name}{sub}{sup}\
%%                                  {mass}{massSub}{massSup}\
%%                                  {spec}{specSub}{specSup}
%% 
%% And finally, for containing processes describing the evolution 
%% of these particles:
%%   \HepProcess{iParticles \HepTo fParticles}
%% where \HepTo is a normal \to arrow with a bit of extra space.
%% Help on increasing horizontal math spacing in this environment 
%% would be welcome!
%% 
%% There are probably some missing cases but they can be handled
%% as explicit exceptions. You might also be interested in the
%% ``heppennames'' package, which updates the "pennames" set of 
%% typeset concrete particle names to use this more flexible scheme.
%%
%%
%% This material is subject to the LaTeX Project Public License. 
%% See http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/licenses.lppl.html
%% for the details of that license.
%%
%% Author: Andy Buckley <andy@insectnation.org>


%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Styling commands (exported)
%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------

%% Undecorated particle style (boldness and sans-serif handling)
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepNormStyle}[1]{%
  \ifx\@maybeSansSerif\@emptyOption%
    {\ensuremath{\maybebm{#1}}}%
    %{\ensuremath{#1}}% lots of problems with the bold math nesting... cocks up in italic mode
  \else%
    {\ensuremath{\maybebm{\maybesf{#1}}}}%
  \fi%
}

%% Generic particle style (normal style with optional forced italics)
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepGenStyle}[1]{%
  \ifx\@forceItalic\@emptyOption%
    {\HepNormStyle{#1}}%
  \else%
    {\HepNormStyle{\mathit{#1}}}%
  \fi%
}

%% Concrete particle style (normal style with upright and forced italic handling)
%% HepNormStyle can't be used in the first portion as it's important that sf be the 
%% innermost operator and that bm is the outermost so the rm must be sandwiched.
%% The choice has been made to have forced-italics override the sf option, as you
%% presumably have no sense of style if you use forced-it anyway :P
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepConStyle}[1]{%
  \ifx\@forceItalic\@emptyOption%
    \ifx\@maybeSansSerif\@emptyOption%
      {\ensuremath{\maybebm{\mayberm{#1}}}}%
    \else%
      {\ensuremath{\maybebm{\mayberm{\maybesf{#1}}}}}%
    \fi%
  \else%
    {\HepNormStyle{\maybeitrm{#1}}}%
  \fi%
}

%\setcounter{errorcontextlines}{10}

%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Internal commands
%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------

%% Spacer used for filling in superscripts to stabilise placement
\DeclareRobustCommand{\@dummysuper}{{\vphantom{\ast}}}
%\DeclareRobustCommand{\@dummysuper}{\ast}

%% Internal command for typesetting conditionally-bold terms with optional 
%% following sub- and super-scripts. Used by most other commands
\DeclareRobustCommand{\@HepMainSubSupTerm}[3]{%
  {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
  {\def\myargthree{#3}}%
  \ensuremath{%
    \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
      \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
        {#1}%
      \else%
        {{#1}^{#3}}%
      \fi%
    \else%
      \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
        {{#1}_{#2}}%
      \else%
        {{#1}_{#2}^{#3}}%
      \fi%
    \fi%
    \mspace{-0.6mu}% I don't know why, but a 0.6mu space was arising compared to pure text names
  }%
}

\DeclareRobustCommand{\@HepGenericSubSupTerm}[3]{%
  {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
  \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
    {\HepGenStyle{\@HepMainSubSupTerm{#1}{}{#3}}}%
  \else%
    {\HepGenStyle{\@HepMainSubSupTerm{#1}{\mspace{-2mu}{#2}}{#3}}}%
  \fi%
}

\DeclareRobustCommand{\@HepConcreteSubSupTerm}[3]{%
  {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
  \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
    {\HepConStyle{\@HepMainSubSupTerm{#1}{}{#3}}}%
  \else%
    {\HepConStyle{\@HepMainSubSupTerm{#1}{\maybeitsubscript{#2}}{#3}}}%
  \fi%
}

%% Internal command for shifting sub- and super-scripts vertically to counter the effects of overlines etc.
\DeclareRobustCommand{\@VerticalScriptShift}[2]{%
  {\raisebox{#1}{\HepNormStyle{\scriptstyle{#2}}}}%
}

%% Generic version of the above
\DeclareRobustCommand{\@GenericVerticalScriptShift}[2]{%
  {\@VerticalScriptShift{#1}{\HepGenStyle{#2}}}%
}

%% Concrete version of the above
\DeclareRobustCommand{\@ConcreteVerticalScriptShift}[2]{%
  {\@VerticalScriptShift{#1}{\HepConStyle{#2}}}%
}


%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Exported (public) commands
%% -----------------------------------------------------------------------

%% Alias for the internal particle (main-sub-sup) structure
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticleStruct}[3]{\@HepMainSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{#3}}


%% For generic particles like "lepton", "quark" etc (no upright font)
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepGenParticle}[3]{%
  {\def\myargthree{#3}}%
  \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
    {\@HepGenericSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{\@dummysuper}}% unmatched subscripts are very unstable
  \else%
    {\@HepGenericSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
  \fi%
}

%% For concrete HEP particle names like "B", "J/psi" etc
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticle}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    {\def\myargthree{#3}}%
    \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
      {\@HepConcreteSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{\@dummysuper}}% unmatched subscripts are very unstable
    \else%
      {\@HepConcreteSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
    \fi%
  \else%
    {\HepGenParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
  \fi%
}

%% For generic antiparticles
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepGenAntiParticle}[3]{%
  {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
  {\def\myargthree{#3}}% 
  \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
    \HepGenParticle%
    {\overline{#1}}%
    {}%
    {\mspace{1mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{-0.6ex}{#3}}%
  \else%
    \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
      {\HepGenParticle%
      {\overline{#1}}%
      {\mspace{0mu}{#2}}%
      {\mspace{1mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{-0.55ex}{\@dummysuper}}}%
    \else%
      {\HepGenParticle%
      {\overline{#1}}%
      {\mspace{1mu}{#2}}%
      {\mspace{1mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{-0.55ex}{#3}}}%
    \fi%
  \fi%
}


%% For antiparticles
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepAntiParticle}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
    {\def\myargthree{#2}}%
    \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
      {\HepParticle%
      {\overline{#1}}%
      {}%
      {\mspace{1mu}\@ConcreteVerticalScriptShift{-0.6ex}{#3}}}%
    \else%
      \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
        {\HepParticle%
        {\overline{#1}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}#2}%
        {\mspace{1mu}\@ConcreteVerticalScriptShift{-0.55ex}{\@dummysuper}}}%
      \else%
        {\HepParticle%
        {\overline{#1}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}#2}%
        {\mspace{1mu}\@ConcreteVerticalScriptShift{-0.55ex}{#3}}}%
      \fi%
    \fi%
  \else%
    {\HepGenAntiParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
  \fi%
}

%% For generic SUSY particles e.g. slepton, squark
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepGenSusyParticle}[3]{%
  {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
  {\def\myargthree{#3}}%
  \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
    {\HepGenParticle%
    {\widetilde{#1}}%
    {}%
    {\mspace{1mu}{#3}}}%
  \else%
    \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
      {\HepGenParticle%
      {\widetilde{#1}}%
      {\mspace{0mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{0.0ex}{#2}}%
      {}}%
    \else%
      {\HepGenParticle%
      {\widetilde{#1}}%
      {\mspace{0mu}#2}%
      {\mspace{1mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{-0.02ex}{#3}}}%
    \fi%
  \fi%
}

%% For SUSY particles
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepSusyParticle}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    {\def\myargtwo{#2}}%
    {\def\myargthree{#3}}%
    \ifx\myargtwo\@empty%
      {\HepParticle%
      {\widetilde{#1}}%
      {}%
      {\mspace{1mu}{#3}}}%
    \else%
      \ifx\myargthree\@empty%
        {\HepParticle%
        {\widetilde{#1}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}{#2}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}{\@dummysuper}}}%
      \else%
        {\HepParticle%
        {\widetilde{#1}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}{#2}}%
        {\mspace{1mu}{#3}}}%
      \fi%
    \fi%
  \else%
    {\HepGenSusyParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
  \fi%
}

%% For generic SUSY anti-particles e.g. slepton, squark
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepGenSusyAntiParticle}[3]{%
    {\HepGenParticle%
    {\overline{\widetilde{#1}}}%
    {\mspace{0mu}{#2}}%
    {\mspace{1mu}\@GenericVerticalScriptShift{-1.25ex}{#3}}}%
}

%% For SUSY anti-particles
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepSusyAntiParticle}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    {\HepParticle%
    {\overline{\widetilde{#1}}}%
    {\mspace{0mu}{#2}}%
    {\mspace{1mu}\@ConcreteVerticalScriptShift{-1.25ex}{#3}}}%
  \else%
    {\HepGenSusyAntiParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
  \fi%
}


%% Resonances and other such structures. These are actually pretty 
%% complicated since the most general structure has a main particle 
%% term, a mass term and a spectroscopic term: in total 9 possible arguments
%% if we let each main term have optional following sub- and super-scripts!
%% The mass and spectroscopic terms seem to be mixed up quite often... *sigh*
%%
%% Apologies for the interface changing yet again as I learn how general
%% these terms can be! Hopefully stable now (touch wood)...

%% For resonance mass specifications like the bracket in "J/psi(1S)"
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepResonanceMassTerm}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    \@HepConcreteSubSupTerm{\left({#1}\right)}{#2}{#3}%
  \else%
    \@HepGenericSubSupTerm{\left({#1}\right)}{#2}{#3}%
  \fi%
}

%% For resonance spectroscopic specifications like the P_11 in "N(1440)P_11"
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepResonanceSpecTerm}[3]{%
  \ifx\@italicNames\@emptyOption%
    \@HepConcreteSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{#3}%
  \else%
    \@HepGenericSubSupTerm{#1}{#2}{#3}%
  \fi%
}

%% For resonances like "J/psi(1S)" (first arg is a whole \HepParticle)
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticleResonance}[4]{%
  \ensuremath{%
    {#1}{\HepResonanceMassTerm{#2}{#3}{#4}}%
  }%
}

%% For resonances like "N(1440)P_11" (first arg is a whole \HepParticle)
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticleResonanceFormal}[7]{%
  \ensuremath{%
    {\HepParticleResonance{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}\,{\HepResonanceSpecTerm{#5}{#6}{#7}}%
  }%
}

%% For resonances like "J/psi(1S)" (all arguments ``spelt out'')
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticleResonanceFull}[6]{%
  \HepParticleResonance{\HepParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}{#4}{#5}{#6}%
}

%% For resonances like "N(1440)P_11" (all arguments ``spelt out'')
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepParticleResonanceFormalFull}[9]{%
  \HepParticleResonanceFormal{\HepParticle{#1}{#2}{#3}}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}{#8}{#9}%
}


%% For typesetting HEP processes with these particle names.
%% Help on how to widen the math spacing would be nice: I always
%% find myself putting \, between particle names to make it look good.
\let\@HepOldto\to
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepTo}{\ensuremath{\to}}%
\DeclareRobustCommand{\HepProcess}[1]{%
\ifx\pdfoutput\@empty%
  \begingroup%
  \renewcommand{\to}{\mspace{2mu}\@HepOldto\mspace{2mu}}% %this defn makes PDFTeX do bad things
  \ensuremath{#1}%
  \renewcommand{\to}{\@HepOldto}%
  \endgroup%
\else%
  \ensuremath{#1}%
\fi%
}

%% For reference purposes :-)
%\DeclareRobustCommand{\hepparticles}{\texttt{hepparticles}\xspace}