features.cc

// AUTORIGHTS
// -------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Ross Girshick
// Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010 Pedro Felzenszwalb, Ross Girshick
// Copyright (C) 2007 Pedro Felzenszwalb, Deva Ramanan
//
// This file is part of the voc-releaseX code
// (http://people.cs.uchicago.edu/~rbg/latent/)
// and is available under the terms of an MIT-like license
// provided in COPYING. Please retain this notice and
// COPYING if you use this file (or a portion of it) in
// your project.
// -------------------------------------------------------

#include <math.h>
#include "mex.h"

// small value, used to avoid division by zero
#define eps 0.0001

// unit vectors used to compute gradient orientation
double uu[9] = {1.0000,
                0.9397,
                0.7660,
                0.500,
                0.1736,
                -0.1736,
                -0.5000,
                -0.7660,
                -0.9397};
double vv[9] = {0.0000,
                0.3420,
                0.6428,
                0.8660,
                0.9848,
                0.9848,
                0.8660,
                0.6428,
                0.3420};

static inline float min(float x, float y) { return (x <= y ? x : y); }
static inline float max(float x, float y) { return (x <= y ? y : x); }

static inline int min(int x, int y) { return (x <= y ? x : y); }
static inline int max(int x, int y) { return (x <= y ? y : x); }

// main function:
// takes a double color image and a bin size
// returns HOG features
mxArray *process(const mxArray *mximage, const mxArray *mxsbin) {
  double *im = (double *)mxGetPr(mximage);
  const int *dims = mxGetDimensions(mximage);
  if (mxGetNumberOfDimensions(mximage) != 3 ||
      dims[2] != 3 ||
      mxGetClassID(mximage) != mxDOUBLE_CLASS)
    mexErrMsgTxt("Invalid input");

  int sbin = (int)mxGetScalar(mxsbin);

  // memory for caching orientation histograms & their norms
  int cells[2];
  cells[0] = (int)round((double)dims[0]/(double)sbin);
  cells[1] = (int)round((double)dims[1]/(double)sbin);
  float *hist = (float *)mxCalloc(cells[0]*cells[1]*18, sizeof(float));
  float *norm = (float *)mxCalloc(cells[0]*cells[1], sizeof(float));

  // memory for HOG features
  int out[3];
  out[0] = max(cells[0]-2, 0);
  out[1] = max(cells[1]-2, 0);
  out[2] = 27+4+1;
  mxArray *mxfeat = mxCreateNumericArray(3, out, mxSINGLE_CLASS, mxREAL);
  float *feat = (float *)mxGetPr(mxfeat);
  
  int visible[2];
  visible[0] = cells[0]*sbin;
  visible[1] = cells[1]*sbin;
  
  for (int x = 1; x < visible[1]-1; x++) {
    for (int y = 1; y < visible[0]-1; y++) {
      // first color channel
      double *s = im + min(x, dims[1]-2)*dims[0] + min(y, dims[0]-2);
      double dy = *(s+1) - *(s-1);
      double dx = *(s+dims[0]) - *(s-dims[0]);
      double v = dx*dx + dy*dy;

      // second color channel
      s += dims[0]*dims[1];
      double dy2 = *(s+1) - *(s-1);
      double dx2 = *(s+dims[0]) - *(s-dims[0]);
      double v2 = dx2*dx2 + dy2*dy2;

      // third color channel
      s += dims[0]*dims[1];
      double dy3 = *(s+1) - *(s-1);
      double dx3 = *(s+dims[0]) - *(s-dims[0]);
      double v3 = dx3*dx3 + dy3*dy3;

      // pick channel with strongest gradient
      if (v2 > v) {
        v = v2;
        dx = dx2;
        dy = dy2;
      }
      if (v3 > v) {
        v = v3;
        dx = dx3;
        dy = dy3;
      }

      // snap to one of 18 orientations
      double best_dot = 0;
      int best_o = 0;
      for (int o = 0; o < 9; o++) {
        double dot = uu[o]*dx + vv[o]*dy;
        if (dot > best_dot) {
          best_dot = dot;
          best_o = o;
        } else if (-dot > best_dot) {
          best_dot = -dot;
          best_o = o+9;
        }
      }
      
      // add to 4 histograms around pixel using bilinear interpolation
      double xp = ((double)x+0.5)/(double)sbin - 0.5;
      double yp = ((double)y+0.5)/(double)sbin - 0.5;
      int ixp = (int)floor(xp);
      int iyp = (int)floor(yp);
      double vx0 = xp-ixp;
      double vy0 = yp-iyp;
      double vx1 = 1.0-vx0;
      double vy1 = 1.0-vy0;
      v = sqrt(v);

      if (ixp >= 0 && iyp >= 0) {
        *(hist + ixp*cells[0] + iyp + best_o*cells[0]*cells[1]) +=
          vx1*vy1*v;
      }

      if (ixp+1 < cells[1] && iyp >= 0) {
        *(hist + (ixp+1)*cells[0] + iyp + best_o*cells[0]*cells[1]) +=
          vx0*vy1*v;
      }

      if (ixp >= 0 && iyp+1 < cells[0]) {
        *(hist + ixp*cells[0] + (iyp+1) + best_o*cells[0]*cells[1]) +=
          vx1*vy0*v;
      }

      if (ixp+1 < cells[1] && iyp+1 < cells[0]) {
        *(hist + (ixp+1)*cells[0] + (iyp+1) + best_o*cells[0]*cells[1]) +=
          vx0*vy0*v;
      }
    }
  }

  // compute energy in each block by summing over orientations
  for (int o = 0; o < 9; o++) {
    float *src1 = hist + o*cells[0]*cells[1];
    float *src2 = hist + (o+9)*cells[0]*cells[1];
    float *dst = norm;
    float *end = norm + cells[1]*cells[0];
    while (dst < end) {
      *(dst++) += (*src1 + *src2) * (*src1 + *src2);
      src1++;
      src2++;
    }
  }

  // compute features
  for (int x = 0; x < out[1]; x++) {
    for (int y = 0; y < out[0]; y++) {
      float *dst = feat + x*out[0] + y;
      float *src, *p, n1, n2, n3, n4;

      p = norm + (x+1)*cells[0] + y+1;
      n1 = 1.0 / sqrt(*p + *(p+1) + *(p+cells[0]) + *(p+cells[0]+1) + eps);
      p = norm + (x+1)*cells[0] + y;
      n2 = 1.0 / sqrt(*p + *(p+1) + *(p+cells[0]) + *(p+cells[0]+1) + eps);
      p = norm + x*cells[0] + y+1;
      n3 = 1.0 / sqrt(*p + *(p+1) + *(p+cells[0]) + *(p+cells[0]+1) + eps);
      p = norm + x*cells[0] + y;
      n4 = 1.0 / sqrt(*p + *(p+1) + *(p+cells[0]) + *(p+cells[0]+1) + eps);

      float t1 = 0;
      float t2 = 0;
      float t3 = 0;
      float t4 = 0;

      // contrast-sensitive features
      src = hist + (x+1)*cells[0] + (y+1);
      for (int o = 0; o < 18; o++) {
        float h1 = min(*src * n1, 0.2);
        float h2 = min(*src * n2, 0.2);
        float h3 = min(*src * n3, 0.2);
        float h4 = min(*src * n4, 0.2);
        *dst = 0.5 * (h1 + h2 + h3 + h4);
        t1 += h1;
        t2 += h2;
        t3 += h3;
        t4 += h4;
        dst += out[0]*out[1];
        src += cells[0]*cells[1];
      }

      // contrast-insensitive features
      src = hist + (x+1)*cells[0] + (y+1);
      for (int o = 0; o < 9; o++) {
        float sum = *src + *(src + 9*cells[0]*cells[1]);
        float h1 = min(sum * n1, 0.2);
        float h2 = min(sum * n2, 0.2);
        float h3 = min(sum * n3, 0.2);
        float h4 = min(sum * n4, 0.2);
        *dst = 0.5 * (h1 + h2 + h3 + h4);
        dst += out[0]*out[1];
        src += cells[0]*cells[1];
      }

      // texture features
      *dst = 0.2357 * t1;
      dst += out[0]*out[1];
      *dst = 0.2357 * t2;
      dst += out[0]*out[1];
      *dst = 0.2357 * t3;
      dst += out[0]*out[1];
      *dst = 0.2357 * t4;

      // truncation feature
      dst += out[0]*out[1];
      *dst = 0;
    }
  }

  mxFree(hist);
  mxFree(norm);
  return mxfeat;
}

// matlab entry point
// F = features(image, bin)
// image should be color with double values
void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray *plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray *prhs[]) {
  if (nrhs != 2)
    mexErrMsgTxt("Wrong number of inputs");
  if (nlhs != 1)
    mexErrMsgTxt("Wrong number of outputs");
  plhs[0] = process(prhs[0], prhs[1]);
}