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<!doctype html><html><head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><title>Afforestation - Our World in Data</title><meta name="description" content="See which countries are gaining forest though natural forest expansion and afforestation."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://ourworldindata.org/afforestation"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="/atom.xml"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="1149943818390250"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://ourworldindata.org/afforestation"/><meta property="og:title" content="Afforestation"/><meta property="og:description" content="See which countries are gaining forest though natural forest expansion and afforestation."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://ourworldindata.org/app/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-768x404.png"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Our World in Data"/><meta name="twitter:card" 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class="text"><strong>COVID-19 vaccinations, cases, excess mortality, and much more</strong></div><a href="/coronavirus#explore-the-global-situation" data-track-note="covid-banner-click">Explore our COVID-19 data</a></div></div><main><article class="page with-sidebar large-banner"><div class="offset-header"><header class="article-header"><div class="article-titles"><h1 class="entry-title">Afforestation</h1><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a><span class="separator"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="angle-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-angle-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M64 448c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L178.8 256L41.38 118.6c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-160 160C80.38 444.9 72.19 448 64 448z"></path></svg></span><a data-track-note="breadcrumb" href="/forests-and-deforestation">Forests</a><span class="separator"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="angle-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-angle-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M64 448c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L178.8 256L41.38 118.6c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-160 160C80.38 444.9 72.19 448 64 448z"></path></svg></span><span>Afforestation</span></div></div><div class="authors-byline"><a href="/team">by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser</a></div><div class="tools"><a href="#licence"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="creative-commons" class="svg-inline--fa fa-creative-commons " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M245.8 214.9l-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.1 0l-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.6 8.05C104.7 8.05 0 123.1 0 256c0 138.5 113.6 248 247.6 248 129.9 0 248.4-100.9 248.4-248 0-137.9-106.6-248-248.4-248zm.87 450.8c-112.5 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.8 0-105.4 85.43-203.3 203.7-203.3 112.5 0 202.8 89.46 202.8 203.3-.01 121.7-99.68 202.8-202.8 202.8z"></path></svg>Reuse our work freely</a><a href="#citation"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="book" class="svg-inline--fa fa-book " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M448 336v-288C448 21.49 426.5 0 400 0H96C42.98 0 0 42.98 0 96v320c0 53.02 42.98 96 96 96h320c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-31.1c0-11.72-6.607-21.52-16-27.1v-81.36C441.8 362.8 448 350.2 448 336zM143.1 128h192C344.8 128 352 135.2 352 144C352 152.8 344.8 160 336 160H143.1C135.2 160 128 152.8 128 144C128 135.2 135.2 128 143.1 128zM143.1 192h192C344.8 192 352 199.2 352 208C352 216.8 344.8 224 336 224H143.1C135.2 224 128 216.8 128 208C128 199.2 135.2 192 143.1 192zM384 448H96c-17.67 0-32-14.33-32-32c0-17.67 14.33-32 32-32h288V448z"></path></svg>Cite this research</a></div></header></div><div class="offset-subnavigation"><div class="site-subnavigation"><div class="site-subnavigation-scroll"><ul class="site-subnavigation-links"><li class=""><a href="/forests-and-deforestation" data-track-note="forests-subnav-forests">Forests<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="chevron-left" class="svg-inline--fa fa-chevron-left " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M224 480c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25l192-192c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25L77.25 256l169.4 169.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.75 0 45.25C240.4 476.9 232.2 480 224 480z"></path></svg></a></li><li class=""><a href="/forest-area" data-track-note="forests-subnav-forest-area">Forest area</a></li><li class=""><a href="/deforestation" data-track-note="forests-subnav-deforestation">Deforestation</a></li><li class="current"><a href="/afforestation" data-track-note="forests-subnav-afforestation">Afforestation</a></li><li class=""><a href="/drivers-of-deforestation" data-track-note="forests-subnav-drivers-of-deforestation">Drivers of Deforestation</a></li><li class=""><a href="/palm-oil" data-track-note="forests-subnav-palm-oil">Palm oil</a></li><li class=""><a href="/soy" data-track-note="forests-subnav-soy">Soy</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="toc-wrapper"><aside class="entry-sidebar"><div class="sticky-sentinel"></div><nav class="entry-toc"><ul><li><a href="#" data-track-note="toc-header">Afforestation</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#which-countries-are-gaining-and-which-are-losing-forest" data-track-note="toc-link">Which countries are gaining, and which are losing forest?</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#forest-expansion-and-afforestation" data-track-note="toc-link">Forest expansion and afforestation</a></li><li class="subsection"><a href="#forest-expansion" data-track-note="toc-link">Forest expansion</a></li><li class="subsection"><a href="#afforestation" data-track-note="toc-link">Afforestation</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#do-rich-countries-export-deforestation-to-other-countries" data-track-note="toc-link">Do rich countries export deforestation to other countries?</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#explore-more-of-our-work-on-forests-and-deforestation" data-track-note="toc-link">Explore more of our work on Forests and Deforestation</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#endnotes" data-track-note="toc-link">Endnotes</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#licence" data-track-note="toc-link">Licence</a></li><li class="section"><a href="#citation" data-track-note="toc-link">Citation</a></li></ul></nav><div class="toggle-toc"><button data-track-note="page-toggle-toc" aria-label="Open table of contents"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="bars" class="svg-inline--fa fa-bars " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M0 96C0 78.33 14.33 64 32 64H416C433.7 64 448 78.33 448 96C448 113.7 433.7 128 416 128H32C14.33 128 0 113.7 0 96zM0 256C0 238.3 14.33 224 32 224H416C433.7 224 448 238.3 448 256C448 273.7 433.7 288 416 288H32C14.33 288 0 273.7 0 256zM416 448H32C14.33 448 0 433.7 0 416C0 398.3 14.33 384 32 384H416C433.7 384 448 398.3 448 416C448 433.7 433.7 448 416 448z"></path></svg><span class="label">Contents</span></button></div></aside></div><div class="offset-content"><div class="content-and-footnotes"><div class="article-content"><section><div class="section-heading"><div class="wrapper"><div><h2 id="which-countries-are-gaining-and-which-are-losing-forest">Which countries are gaining, and which are losing forest?<a class="deep-link" href="#which-countries-are-gaining-and-which-are-losing-forest"></a></h2></div></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right">
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<p>Before we look at trends in afforestation across the world specifically, it’s useful to understand the <em>net</em> change in forest cover. The net change in forest cover measures any gains in forest cover – either through natural forest expansion or afforestation through tree-planting – minus deforestation.</p>
<p>This map shows the net change in forest cover across the world. Countries with a positive change (shown in green) are regrowing forest faster than they’re losing it. Countries with a negative change (shown in red) are losing more than they’re able to restore.</p>
<div class="wp-block-help"><div class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="lightbulb" class="svg-inline--fa fa-lightbulb " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M112.1 454.3c0 6.297 1.816 12.44 5.284 17.69l17.14 25.69c5.25 7.875 17.17 14.28 26.64 14.28h61.67c9.438 0 21.36-6.401 26.61-14.28l17.08-25.68c2.938-4.438 5.348-12.37 5.348-17.7L272 415.1h-160L112.1 454.3zM191.4 .0132C89.44 .3257 16 82.97 16 175.1c0 44.38 16.44 84.84 43.56 115.8c16.53 18.84 42.34 58.23 52.22 91.45c.0313 .25 .0938 .5166 .125 .7823h160.2c.0313-.2656 .0938-.5166 .125-.7823c9.875-33.22 35.69-72.61 52.22-91.45C351.6 260.8 368 220.4 368 175.1C368 78.61 288.9-.2837 191.4 .0132zM192 96.01c-44.13 0-80 35.89-80 79.1C112 184.8 104.8 192 96 192S80 184.8 80 176c0-61.76 50.25-111.1 112-111.1c8.844 0 16 7.159 16 16S200.8 96.01 192 96.01z"></path></svg></div><div><h4>A note on UN FAO forestry data</h4><div class="content">
<p>Data on net forest change, afforestation and deforestation is sourced from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization’s <a href="https://fra-data.fao.org/">Forest Resources Assessment</a>. Since year-to-year changes in forest cover can be volatile, the UN FAO provide this annual data averaged over five-year periods.</p>
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<div class="wp-block-column">
<figure data-grapher-src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-forest-area?stackMode=absolute&region=World" class="grapherPreview">
<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-change-forest-area?stackMode=absolute&region=World" target="_blank">
<div><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/exports/annual-change-forest-area-7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0_v9_850x600.svg" width="850" height="600" loading="lazy" data-no-lightbox="" alt="Annual change forest area 7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0 v9 850x600"></div>
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<span class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="hand-pointer" class="svg-inline--fa fa-hand-pointer fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 617">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M448,344.59v96a40.36,40.36,0,0,1-1.06,9.16l-32,136A40,40,0,0,1,376,616.59H168a40,40,0,0,1-32.35-16.47l-128-176a40,40,0,0,1,64.7-47.06L104,420.58v-276a40,40,0,0,1,80,0v200h8v-40a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v40h8v-24a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v24h8a40,40,0,1,1,80,0Zm-256,80h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
<path fill="currentColor" opacity="0.6" d="M239.76,234.78A27.5,27.5,0,0,1,217,192a87.76,87.76,0,1,0-145.9,0A27.5,27.5,0,1,1,25.37,222.6,142.17,142.17,0,0,1,1.24,143.17C1.24,64.45,65.28.41,144,.41s142.76,64,142.76,142.76a142.17,142.17,0,0,1-24.13,79.43A27.47,27.47,0,0,1,239.76,234.78Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
</svg></span>
<span class="label">Click to open interactive version</span>
</div>
</a>
</figure>
<h5>Related chart:</h5>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Annual change in forest area as a <em>share</em> of forest area"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/change-forest-area-share-total" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/change-forest-area-share-total.svg" alt="Change forest area share total" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="content">
</div><div class="title"><span>Annual change in forest area as a <em>share</em> of forest area</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div></div>
</div></section>
<section><div class="section-heading"><div class="wrapper"><div><h2 id="forest-expansion-and-afforestation">Forest expansion and afforestation<a class="deep-link" href="#forest-expansion-and-afforestation"></a></h2></div><div class="in-this-section"><div class="label">In this section</div><div class="border"></div></div><ul class="subheadings"><li><a href="#forest-expansion"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-down" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-down " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M374.6 310.6l-160 160C208.4 476.9 200.2 480 192 480s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L160 370.8V64c0-17.69 14.33-31.1 31.1-31.1S224 46.31 224 64v306.8l105.4-105.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0S387.1 298.1 374.6 310.6z"></path></svg><span>Forest expansion</span></a></li><li><a href="#afforestation"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-down" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-down " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M374.6 310.6l-160 160C208.4 476.9 200.2 480 192 480s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L160 370.8V64c0-17.69 14.33-31.1 31.1-31.1S224 46.31 224 64v306.8l105.4-105.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0S387.1 298.1 374.6 310.6z"></path></svg><span>Afforestation</span></a></li></ul></div></div><h3 id="forest-expansion">Forest expansion<a class="deep-link" href="#forest-expansion"></a></h3><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right">
<div class="wp-block-column">
<p>This interactive map shows rates of forest expansion across the world.</p>
<p>Forest expansion is the sum of natural forest expansion – trees that regrows on formerly forested land – and afforestation, which is deliberate seeding or tree-planting. Data on afforestation specifically is shown in the next section.</p>
<div class="wp-block-help"><div class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="lightbulb" class="svg-inline--fa fa-lightbulb " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M112.1 454.3c0 6.297 1.816 12.44 5.284 17.69l17.14 25.69c5.25 7.875 17.17 14.28 26.64 14.28h61.67c9.438 0 21.36-6.401 26.61-14.28l17.08-25.68c2.938-4.438 5.348-12.37 5.348-17.7L272 415.1h-160L112.1 454.3zM191.4 .0132C89.44 .3257 16 82.97 16 175.1c0 44.38 16.44 84.84 43.56 115.8c16.53 18.84 42.34 58.23 52.22 91.45c.0313 .25 .0938 .5166 .125 .7823h160.2c.0313-.2656 .0938-.5166 .125-.7823c9.875-33.22 35.69-72.61 52.22-91.45C351.6 260.8 368 220.4 368 175.1C368 78.61 288.9-.2837 191.4 .0132zM192 96.01c-44.13 0-80 35.89-80 79.1C112 184.8 104.8 192 96 192S80 184.8 80 176c0-61.76 50.25-111.1 112-111.1c8.844 0 16 7.159 16 16S200.8 96.01 192 96.01z"></path></svg></div><div><h4>A note on UN FAO forestry data</h4><div class="content">
<p>Data on net forest change, afforestation and deforestation is sourced from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization’s <a href="https://fra-data.fao.org/">Forest Resources Assessment</a>. Since year-to-year changes in forest cover can be volatile, the UN FAO provide this annual data averaged over five-year periods.</p>
</div></div></div></div>
<div class="wp-block-column">
<figure data-grapher-src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-forest-expansion?stackMode=absolute&region=World" class="grapherPreview">
<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-forest-expansion?stackMode=absolute&region=World" target="_blank">
<div><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/exports/annual-forest-expansion-7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0_v6_850x600.svg" width="850" height="600" loading="lazy" data-no-lightbox="" alt="Annual forest expansion 7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0 v6 850x600"></div>
<div class="interactionNotice">
<span class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="hand-pointer" class="svg-inline--fa fa-hand-pointer fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 617">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M448,344.59v96a40.36,40.36,0,0,1-1.06,9.16l-32,136A40,40,0,0,1,376,616.59H168a40,40,0,0,1-32.35-16.47l-128-176a40,40,0,0,1,64.7-47.06L104,420.58v-276a40,40,0,0,1,80,0v200h8v-40a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v40h8v-24a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v24h8a40,40,0,1,1,80,0Zm-256,80h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
<path fill="currentColor" opacity="0.6" d="M239.76,234.78A27.5,27.5,0,0,1,217,192a87.76,87.76,0,1,0-145.9,0A27.5,27.5,0,1,1,25.37,222.6,142.17,142.17,0,0,1,1.24,143.17C1.24,64.45,65.28.41,144,.41s142.76,64,142.76,142.76a142.17,142.17,0,0,1-24.13,79.43A27.47,27.47,0,0,1,239.76,234.78Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
</svg></span>
<span class="label">Click to open interactive version</span>
</div>
</a>
</figure>
<h5>Related chart:</h5>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Share of global forest expansion"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-global-forest-expansion?stackMode=absolute&region=Worldhttps://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-global-forest-expansion" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/share-global-forest-expansion.svg" alt="Share global forest expansion" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="content">
</div><div class="title"><span>Share of global forest expansion</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div></div>
</div><h3 id="afforestation">Afforestation<a class="deep-link" href="#afforestation"></a></h3><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right">
<div class="wp-block-column">
<p>One way that forest cover can increase is through natural forest expansion – when trees return to land that was previously forested but had been converted to an alternative land use. The other is through <em>afforestation</em> – deliberate restoration through seeding and tree-planting.</p>
<p>This interactive map shows the rates of afforestation across the world.</p>
<div class="wp-block-help"><div class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="lightbulb" class="svg-inline--fa fa-lightbulb " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M112.1 454.3c0 6.297 1.816 12.44 5.284 17.69l17.14 25.69c5.25 7.875 17.17 14.28 26.64 14.28h61.67c9.438 0 21.36-6.401 26.61-14.28l17.08-25.68c2.938-4.438 5.348-12.37 5.348-17.7L272 415.1h-160L112.1 454.3zM191.4 .0132C89.44 .3257 16 82.97 16 175.1c0 44.38 16.44 84.84 43.56 115.8c16.53 18.84 42.34 58.23 52.22 91.45c.0313 .25 .0938 .5166 .125 .7823h160.2c.0313-.2656 .0938-.5166 .125-.7823c9.875-33.22 35.69-72.61 52.22-91.45C351.6 260.8 368 220.4 368 175.1C368 78.61 288.9-.2837 191.4 .0132zM192 96.01c-44.13 0-80 35.89-80 79.1C112 184.8 104.8 192 96 192S80 184.8 80 176c0-61.76 50.25-111.1 112-111.1c8.844 0 16 7.159 16 16S200.8 96.01 192 96.01z"></path></svg></div><div><h4>A note on UN FAO forestry data</h4><div class="content">
<p>Data on net forest change, afforestation and deforestation is sourced from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization’s <a href="https://fra-data.fao.org/">Forest Resources Assessment</a>. Since year-to-year changes in forest cover can be volatile, the UN FAO provide this annual data averaged over five-year periods.</p>
</div></div></div></div>
<div class="wp-block-column">
<figure data-grapher-src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-afforestation?stackMode=absolute&region=World" class="grapherPreview">
<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/annual-afforestation?stackMode=absolute&region=World" target="_blank">
<div><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/exports/annual-afforestation-7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0_v7_850x600.svg" width="850" height="600" loading="lazy" data-no-lightbox="" alt="Annual afforestation 7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0 v7 850x600"></div>
<div class="interactionNotice">
<span class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="hand-pointer" class="svg-inline--fa fa-hand-pointer fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 617">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M448,344.59v96a40.36,40.36,0,0,1-1.06,9.16l-32,136A40,40,0,0,1,376,616.59H168a40,40,0,0,1-32.35-16.47l-128-176a40,40,0,0,1,64.7-47.06L104,420.58v-276a40,40,0,0,1,80,0v200h8v-40a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v40h8v-24a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v24h8a40,40,0,1,1,80,0Zm-256,80h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
<path fill="currentColor" opacity="0.6" d="M239.76,234.78A27.5,27.5,0,0,1,217,192a87.76,87.76,0,1,0-145.9,0A27.5,27.5,0,1,1,25.37,222.6,142.17,142.17,0,0,1,1.24,143.17C1.24,64.45,65.28.41,144,.41s142.76,64,142.76,142.76a142.17,142.17,0,0,1-24.13,79.43A27.47,27.47,0,0,1,239.76,234.78Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
</svg></span>
<span class="label">Click to open interactive version</span>
</div>
</a>
</figure>
</div>
</div></section>
<section><div class="section-heading"><div class="wrapper"><div><h2 id="do-rich-countries-export-deforestation-to-other-countries">Do rich countries export deforestation to other countries?<a class="deep-link" href="#do-rich-countries-export-deforestation-to-other-countries"></a></h2></div></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right"><div class="wp-block-column"><p>There is a marked divide in the state of the world’s forests. In most rich countries, across Europe, North America and East Asia, <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/change-forest-vs-gdp?tab=chart&stackMode=absolute&country=&region=World">forest cover is increasing</a>, whilst in many low-to-middle income countries it’s decreasing.</p><p>But, it would be wrong to think that the only impact rich countries have on global forests is through changes in their domestic forests. They also contribute to global deforestation through the foods they import from poorer countries.</p><p>Today, most deforestation occurs in the tropics. 71% of this is driven by demand in domestic markets, and the remaining 29% for the production of products that are traded. 40% of traded deforestation ends up in high-income countries, meaning they are responsible for 12% of deforestation.<a id="ref-1" class="ref" href="#note-1"><sup>1</sup></a></p><p>Let’s take a look at which countries are causing deforestation overseas and the size of this impact.</p></div><div class="wp-block-column"></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right"><div class="wp-block-column"><h4 id="which-countries-are-causing-deforestation-overseas">Which countries are causing deforestation overseas?<a class="deep-link" href="#which-countries-are-causing-deforestation-overseas"></a></h4></div><div class="wp-block-column"></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right">
<div class="wp-block-column">
<p>How much do people in rich countries contribute to deforestation overseas?</p>
<p>To investigate this question, researchers Florence Pendrill et al. (2019) quantified the deforestation embedded in traded goods between countries.<a id="ref-2" class="ref" href="#note-2"><sup>2</sup></a> They did this by calculating the amount of deforestation associated with specific food and forestry products, and combining it with a trade model.</p>
<p>In the map we see the <em>net</em> deforestation embedded in trade for each country. This is calculated by taking each country’s <em>imported</em> deforestation and subtracting its <em>exported</em> deforestation. Net importers of deforestation (shown in brown) are countries that contribute more to deforestation in other countries than they do in their home country. The consumption choices of people in these countries cause deforestation elsewhere in the world.</p>
<p>For example, after we adjust for all the goods that the UK imports and exports, it caused more deforestation elsewhere than it did domestically. It was a net importer. Brazil, in contrast, caused more deforestation domestically in the production of goods for other countries than it imported from elsewhere. It was a net exporter.</p>
<p>Although there is some year-to-year variability <em>[you can explore the data use the timeline on the bottom of the chart from 2005 to 2013]</em> we see a reasonably consistent divide: most countries across Europe and North America are net importers of deforestation i.e. they’re driving deforestation elsewhere; whilst many subtropical countries are partly cutting down trees to meet this demand from rich countries. </p>
<p>Most deforestation occurs for the production of goods that are consumed within domestic markets. 71% of deforestation is for domestic production. Less than one-third (29%) is for the production of goods that are traded.</p>
<p>High-income countries were the largest ‘importers’ of deforestation, accounting for 40% of it. This means they were responsible for 12% of global deforestation.<a id="ref-3" class="ref" href="#note-3"><sup>3</sup></a> It is therefore true that rich countries are causing deforestation in poorer countries.</p>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-column">
<figure data-grapher-src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/net-deforestation-in-trade?stackMode=absolute&region=World" class="grapherPreview">
<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/net-deforestation-in-trade?stackMode=absolute&region=World" target="_blank">
<div><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/exports/net-deforestation-in-trade-7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0_v8_850x600.svg" width="850" height="600" loading="lazy" data-no-lightbox="" alt="Net deforestation in trade 7a4f71bf69be1d8579832bd759b18cd0 v8 850x600"></div>
<div class="interactionNotice">
<span class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="hand-pointer" class="svg-inline--fa fa-hand-pointer fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 617">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M448,344.59v96a40.36,40.36,0,0,1-1.06,9.16l-32,136A40,40,0,0,1,376,616.59H168a40,40,0,0,1-32.35-16.47l-128-176a40,40,0,0,1,64.7-47.06L104,420.58v-276a40,40,0,0,1,80,0v200h8v-40a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v40h8v-24a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v24h8a40,40,0,1,1,80,0Zm-256,80h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
<path fill="currentColor" opacity="0.6" d="M239.76,234.78A27.5,27.5,0,0,1,217,192a87.76,87.76,0,1,0-145.9,0A27.5,27.5,0,1,1,25.37,222.6,142.17,142.17,0,0,1,1.24,143.17C1.24,64.45,65.28.41,144,.41s142.76,64,142.76,142.76a142.17,142.17,0,0,1-24.13,79.43A27.47,27.47,0,0,1,239.76,234.78Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
</svg></span>
<span class="label">Click to open interactive version</span>
</div>
</a>
</figure>
<h5>Related charts:</h5>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Imported deforestation"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/imported-deforestation" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/imported-deforestation.svg" alt="Imported deforestation" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="title"><span>Imported deforestation</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Exported deforestation"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exported-deforestation" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/exported-deforestation.svg" alt="Exported deforestation" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="title"><span>Exported deforestation</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Share of deforestation that is exported"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-deforestation-exported" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/share-deforestation-exported.svg" alt="Share deforestation exported" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="title"><span>Share of deforestation that is exported</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div>
<div class="block-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-owid-prominent-link with-image" data-no-lightbox="true" data-style="is-style-thin" data-title="Share of deforestation that is driven by domestic consumption"><a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-deforestation-domestic-consumption" target="_blank"><figure><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/exports/share-deforestation-domestic-consumption.svg" alt="Share deforestation domestic consumption" loading="lazy"></figure><div class="content-wrapper"><div class="title"><span>Share of deforestation that is driven by domestic consumption</span><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="arrow-right" class="svg-inline--fa fa-arrow-right " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M438.6 278.6l-160 160C272.4 444.9 264.2 448 256 448s-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25L338.8 288H32C14.33 288 .0016 273.7 .0016 256S14.33 224 32 224h306.8l-105.4-105.4c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0l160 160C451.1 245.9 451.1 266.1 438.6 278.6z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div></div></div>
</div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right"><div class="wp-block-column"><h4 id="are-countries-importing-more-deforestation-than-they-re-regrowing-domestically">Are countries importing more deforestation than they’re regrowing domestically?<a class="deep-link" href="#are-countries-importing-more-deforestation-than-they-re-regrowing-domestically"></a></h4></div><div class="wp-block-column"></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right">
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<p>Many rich countries are driving deforestation in other parts of the world, but are regrowing forests domestically. 79% of exported deforestation ended up in those countries that had stopped losing domestic forests.</p>
<p>How do these two measures compare? Are they causing more deforestation elsewhere than they are regenerating in forests at home? </p>
<p>Let’s take an example. Imagine some temperate country was responsible for the deforestation of 25,000 hectares in tropical countries but was restoring its own forests at a rate of 50,000 hectares per year. On balance, it would still have a positive impact on the size of global forests; its net contribution would be increasing forest area by 25,000 hectares.<a id="ref-4" class="ref" href="#note-4"><sup>4</sup></a> However, this country might still be causing more damage than this for a couple of reasons. Not all forest is equal. Tropical forests are often more productive than temperate forests, meaning they store more carbon. They are also richer sites of biodiversity. And, we might place more value on preserving primary, native forests that haven’t yet been deforested over regrowing forests that have lost their previous ecosystems. Hence, we should keep in mind that forest area is not the only aspect that matters – where that forest is and how rich in life it is matters too.</p>
<p>It would be good if there was data available that would capture these additional aspects. We manage to capture some of these differences in carbon in our related article on <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/deforestation#carbon-emissions-from-deforestation-are-they-driven-by-domestic-demand-or-international-trade"><strong>deforestation </strong><strong><em>emissions</em></strong><strong> embedded in trade</strong></a>. Without reliable metrics that capture all of these differences, we will have to stick with total changes in forest area for now. But we should keep these important aspects in mind when comparing forest losses and gains.</p>
<p>In the chart we see the comparison between the change in domestic forest area, and deforestation driven by imported goods.<a id="ref-5" class="ref" href="#note-5"><sup>5</sup></a> On the vertical axis we have the domestic change in forest area: this is shown only for countries where the forest area is increasing. Since there is often year-to-year variability in deforestation or reforestation rates, this is shown as the five-year average. On the x-axis we have imported deforestation. The grey line marks where the area of domestic regrowth of forests is exactly equal to imported deforestation. Countries that lie along this line would have a net-neutral impact on global forests: the area they are causing to deforestation overseas is exactly as large as the area they are regrowing at home.</p>
<p>Countries which lie <em>above</em> the grey line – such as the United States, Finland, China – restore more forest each year domestically than they import from elsewhere. For example, the US ‘imported’ 64,000 hectares of deforested land, but increased its domestic forest area by 275,000 hectares. More than four times as much. On balance, they add to the global forest stock. </p>
<p>Countries below the line – such as the UK and Germany – are not growing forests fast enough to offset the deforestation they’re creating elsewhere. The UK ‘imported’ 34,000 hectares of deforestation but increased its domestic forests by only 19,000 hectares. These countries might have high levels of afforestation at home, but they’re still having a net negative impact on the size of the world’s forests.</p>
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<figure data-grapher-src="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/domestic-forest-change-vs-imported-deforestation?tab=chart&stackMode=absolute&country=&region=World" class="grapherPreview">
<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/domestic-forest-change-vs-imported-deforestation?tab=chart&stackMode=absolute&country=&region=World" target="_blank">
<div><img src="https://ourworldindata.org/exports/domestic-forest-change-vs-imported-deforestation-cdcad393dd315f436a8ff2e1fb2cb677_v5_850x600.svg" width="850" height="600" loading="lazy" data-no-lightbox="" alt="Domestic forest change vs imported deforestation cdcad393dd315f436a8ff2e1fb2cb677 v5 850x600"></div>
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<span class="icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="hand-pointer" class="svg-inline--fa fa-hand-pointer fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 617">
<path fill="currentColor" d="M448,344.59v96a40.36,40.36,0,0,1-1.06,9.16l-32,136A40,40,0,0,1,376,616.59H168a40,40,0,0,1-32.35-16.47l-128-176a40,40,0,0,1,64.7-47.06L104,420.58v-276a40,40,0,0,1,80,0v200h8v-40a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v40h8v-24a40,40,0,1,1,80,0v24h8a40,40,0,1,1,80,0Zm-256,80h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Zm88,0h-8v96h8Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
<path fill="currentColor" opacity="0.6" d="M239.76,234.78A27.5,27.5,0,0,1,217,192a87.76,87.76,0,1,0-145.9,0A27.5,27.5,0,1,1,25.37,222.6,142.17,142.17,0,0,1,1.24,143.17C1.24,64.45,65.28.41,144,.41s142.76,64,142.76,142.76a142.17,142.17,0,0,1-24.13,79.43A27.47,27.47,0,0,1,239.76,234.78Z" transform="translate(0 -0.41)"></path>
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</div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right"><div class="wp-block-column"><h4 id="rich-countries-need-to-be-more-conscious-of-how-they-re-contributing-to-global-deforestation">Rich countries need to be more conscious of how they’re contributing to global deforestation<a class="deep-link" href="#rich-countries-need-to-be-more-conscious-of-how-they-re-contributing-to-global-deforestation"></a></h4></div><div class="wp-block-column"></div></div><div class="wp-block-columns is-style-sticky-right"><div class="wp-block-column"><p>After seeing this data, people might argue that we should cut back on trade. If poorer countries are cutting down forests to make food for rich consumers, then we should just stop trading these goods.</p><p>But the solution is not so simple. There are other aspects to consider. International trade is important for socioeconomic development. Many farmers rely on international buyers to earn a living and improve their livelihoods. Not only would this be bad for people, it might also be bad for forests. </p><p>One of the reasons poorer countries clear forest to make room for farmland is that they achieve low <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/crop-yields">crop yields</a>. If you struggle to increase crop yields but want to produce more food, then expanding your agricultural land is the only option. This often comes at the cost of forests. Improvements in agricultural productivity tends to both drive and follow <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/economic-growth">economic growth</a>. International trade plays an important role in this growth, and may allow farmers to see the yield gains they need to produce more food using less land.</p><p>So, what can we do? </p><p>One option is to adopt stricter guidelines on what suppliers to source from, and implementing zero-deforestation policies that stop the trade of goods that have been produced on deforested land. Another way that richer countries can contribute is by investing in technologies – such as improved seed varieties, fertilizers and agricultural practices – that allow farmers to increase yields. That’s both an economic and environmental win.</p><p>The first step in doing this is for rich countries to monitor their deforestation impacts overseas more closely. They should keep their domestic reforestation targets in perspective with their net impact on global forests. Sometimes these restoration programmes pale in comparison to the deforestation they’re driving elsewhere.</p></div><div class="wp-block-column"></div></div></section>
<section><div class="section-heading"><div class="wrapper"><div><h2 id="explore-more-of-our-work-on-forests-and-deforestation">Explore more of our work on Forests and Deforestation<a class="deep-link" href="#explore-more-of-our-work-on-forests-and-deforestation"></a></h2></div></div></div><div class="wp-block-owid-grid">
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/forest-area">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Forest area" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Forest-area.png"></figure>
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<p>See the distribution of global forests and which countries have the most forest cover.</p>
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/deforestation">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Deforestation" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Deforestation.png"></figure>
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<p>Explore long-term changes in deforestation, and deforestation rates across the world today.</p>
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/afforestation">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Afforestation" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Afforestation.png"></figure>
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<p>See which countries are gaining forest though natural forest expansion and afforestation.</p>
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/drivers-of-deforestation">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Drivers of deforestation" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Drivers-of-Deforestation.png"></figure>
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<p>The world loses 5 million hectares of forest to deforestation each year. What activities are driving this?</p>
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/palm-oil">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Palm oil" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Palm-Oil.png"></figure>
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<p>Explore palm oil production across the world, and its impacts on the environment.</p>
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<a href="https://ourworldindata.org/soy">
<figure><img width="768" height="404" src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy-768x404.png" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large" alt="Soy" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy-768x404.png 768w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy-400x210.png 400w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy-800x421.png 800w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy-150x79.png 150w, https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" data-high-res-src="https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2021/02/Soy.png"></figure>
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<p>Explore global data on soy production, how it’s used, and how much deforestation is caused by its expansion.</p>
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</div><footer class="article-footer"><div class="wp-block-columns"><div class="wp-block-column"><h3 id="endnotes">Endnotes</h3><ol class="endnotes"><li id="note-1"><p>If we sum countries’ <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/imported-deforestation">imported deforestation</a> by <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-banks-income-groups?time=2013&country=IND~IDN">World Bank income group</a>, we find that high-income countries were responsible for 40% of imported deforestation; upper-middle income for 25%; lower-middle income for 20%; and low income for 5%.<br><br>We then get high-income countries’ share of deforestation as: [40% of the 29% that is traded], which is equal to 12%.</p></li><li id="note-2"><p>Pendrill, F., Persson, U. M., Godar, J., & Kastner, T. (2019). <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab0d41">Deforestation displaced: trade in forest-risk commodities and the prospects for a global forest transition</a>. <em>Environmental Research Letters</em>, <em>14</em>(5), 055003.</p></li><li id="note-3"><p>If we sum countries’ <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/imported-deforestation">imported deforestation</a> by <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-banks-income-groups?time=2013&country=IND~IDN">World Bank income group</a>, we find that high-income countries were responsible for 40% of imported deforestation; upper-middle income for 25%; lower-middle income for 20%; and low income for 5%.</p>
<p>We then get high-income countries’ share of deforestation as: [40% of the 29% that is traded], which is equal to 12%.</p></li><li id="note-4"><p>We would subtract its deforestation (25,000 hectares) from its reforestation (50,000 hectares) to get 25,000 hectares net gain.</p></li><li id="note-5"><p>Data on the annual change in domestic forests is sourced from the UN FAO’s <a href="https://fra-data.fao.org/">Forest Resources Assessment</a>.</p></li></ol><h3 id="licence">Reuse our work freely</h3><p>All visualizations, data, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Creative Commons BY license</a>. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited.</p><p>The data produced by third parties and made available by Our World in Data is subject to the license terms from the original third-party authors. We will always indicate the original source of the data in our documentation, so you should always check the license of any such third-party data before use and redistribution.</p><p>All of <a href="/how-to-use-our-world-in-data#how-to-embed-interactive-charts-in-your-article">our charts can be embedded</a> in any site.</p><h3 id="citation">Citation</h3><p>Our articles and data visualizations rely on work from many different people and organizations. When citing this entry, please also cite the underlying data sources. This entry can be cited as:</p><pre class="citation">Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser (2021) - "Forests and Deforestation". <em>Published online at OurWorldInData.org.</em> Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/forests-and-deforestation' [Online Resource]</pre><p>BibTeX citation</p><pre class="citation">@article{owidforestsanddeforestation,
author = {Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser},
title = {Forests and Deforestation},
journal = {Our World in Data},
year = {2021},
note = {https://ourworldindata.org/forests-and-deforestation}
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runTableOfContents({"headings":[{"text":"Which countries are gaining, and which are losing forest?","slug":"which-countries-are-gaining-and-which-are-losing-forest","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Forest expansion and afforestation","slug":"forest-expansion-and-afforestation","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Forest expansion","slug":"forest-expansion","isSubheading":true},{"text":"Afforestation","slug":"afforestation","isSubheading":true},{"text":"Do rich countries export deforestation to other countries?","slug":"do-rich-countries-export-deforestation-to-other-countries","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Explore more of our work on Forests and Deforestation","slug":"explore-more-of-our-work-on-forests-and-deforestation","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Endnotes","slug":"endnotes","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Licence","slug":"licence","isSubheading":false},{"text":"Citation","slug":"citation","isSubheading":false}],"pageTitle":"Afforestation"})
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