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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#222" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#222" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/apple-touch-icon-next.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/images/favicon-32x32-next.png">
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<link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/logo.svg" color="#222">
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="5AUIVYTbHIAuz-eQtxSfZbWW5eg9_EVZMSQycIuXrG0">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-HtsXJanqjKTc8vVQjO4YMhiqFoXkfBsjBWcX91T1jr8=" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/animate.css/3.1.1/animate.min.css" integrity="sha256-PR7ttpcvz8qrF57fur/yAx1qXMFJeJFiA6pSzWi0OIE=" crossorigin="anonymous">
<script class="next-config" data-name="main" type="application/json">{"hostname":"example.com","root":"/","images":"/images","scheme":"Gemini","darkmode":true,"version":"8.18.0","exturl":true,"sidebar":{"position":"left","display":"always","padding":10,"offset":5},"copycode":{"enable":true,"style":"default"},"fold":{"enable":false,"height":500},"bookmark":{"enable":false,"color":"#222","save":"auto"},"mediumzoom":true,"lazyload":false,"pangu":false,"comments":{"style":"tabs","active":null,"storage":true,"lazyload":true,"nav":null},"stickytabs":false,"motion":{"enable":true,"async":true,"transition":{"menu_item":"fadeInDown","post_block":"fadeIn","post_header":"fadeInDown","post_body":"fadeInDown","coll_header":"fadeInLeft","sidebar":"fadeInUp"}},"prism":false,"i18n":{"placeholder":"搜索...","empty":"没有找到任何搜索结果：${query}","hits_time":"找到 ${hits} 个搜索结果（用时 ${time} 毫秒）","hits":"找到 ${hits} 个搜索结果"},"path":"/search.xml","localsearch":{"enable":true,"trigger":"auto","top_n_per_article":1,"unescape":false,"preload":false}}</script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/hexo-theme-next/8.18.0/config.min.js"></script>
<meta name="description" content="GXG">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:title" content="Oh, Tony">
<meta property="og:url" content="http://example.com/index.html">
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<meta property="og:locale" content="zh_CN">
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<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
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<script class="next-config" data-name="page" type="application/json">{"sidebar":"","isHome":true,"isPost":false,"lang":"zh-CN","comments":"","permalink":"","path":"index.html","title":""}</script>
<script class="next-config" data-name="calendar" type="application/json">""</script>
<title>Oh, Tony</title>
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-43861RVV8R"></script>
<script class="next-config" data-name="google_analytics" type="application/json">{"tracking_id":"G-43861RVV8R","only_pageview":false}</script>
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<div class="site-meta">
<a href="/" class="brand" rel="start">
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<h1 class="site-title">Oh, Tony</h1>
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</a>
</div>
<div class="site-nav-right">
<div class="toggle popup-trigger" aria-label="搜索" role="button">
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<nav class="site-nav">
<ul class="main-menu menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-home"><a href="/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-bell fa-fw"></i>首页</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-categories"><a href="/categories/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa fa-th fa-fw"></i>分类<span class="badge">11</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-archives"><a href="/archives/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-archive fa-fw"></i>归档<span class="badge">35</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-tags"><a href="/tags/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-tags fa-fw"></i>标签<span class="badge">42</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-about"><a href="/about/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-user fa-fw"></i>关于</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-search">
<a role="button" class="popup-trigger"><i class="fa fa-search fa-fw"></i>搜索
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</ul>
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<input autocomplete="off" autocapitalize="off" maxlength="80"
placeholder="搜索..." spellcheck="false"
type="search" class="search-input">
</div>
<span class="popup-btn-close" role="button">
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<div class="search-result-container no-result">
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<aside class="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-inner sidebar-overview-active">
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文章目录
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<img class="site-author-image" itemprop="image" alt="Tony"
src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/46778179?v=4">
<p class="site-author-name" itemprop="name">Tony</p>
<div class="site-description" itemprop="description">GXG</div>
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<div class="site-state-wrap animated">
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</a>
</div>
<div class="site-state-item site-state-categories">
<a href="/categories/">
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</div>
<div class="site-state-item site-state-tags">
<a href="/tags/">
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<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL25ldy1Ub255V2FuZw==" title="GitHub → https://github.com/new-TonyWang"><i class="fab fa-github fa-fw"></i>GitHub</span>
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<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9uZXctdG9ueXdhbmcuZ2l0aHViLmlvL3dhbmd0b255eXUyMjJAZ21haWwuY29t" title="Email → https://new-tonywang.github.io/[email protected]"><i class="fa fa-envelope fa-fw"></i>Email</span>
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<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9udWFhLXMzbGFiLmdpdGh1Yi5pby9kYWlseVBhcGVyLw==" title="S3Lab论文推荐 → https://nuaa-s3lab.github.io/dailyPaper/">S3Lab论文推荐</span>
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<header class="post-header">
<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a href="/2024/04/14/Lookahead-Decoding/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Lookahead-Decoding</a>
</h2>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
<time title="创建时间：2024-04-14 16:25:32" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2024-04-14T16:25:32+08:00">2024-04-14</time>
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</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h2 id="背景">背景</h2>
<p>Lookahead Decoding 是一种并行解码算法，它的主要目标是加速大型语言模型（LLM）的推理过程。</p>
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<header class="post-header">
<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">
<a href="/2024/01/18/learm-rope/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">RoPE 学习总结</a>
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<time title="创建时间：2024-01-18 01:27:27" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2024-01-18T01:27:27+08:00">2024-01-18</time>
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</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<h2 id="简介">简介</h2>
<p>Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE)是一种用于为序列模型引入位置信息的技术。它使用旋转编码来表示序列中的中绝对位置信息，并且这种表示方式也蕴含了序列中相对位置的依赖关系。这种方法常在llm在注意力机制中使用，用于标识注意力机制中Query和Key的位置信息。</p>
<p>Rotary Position Embedding 的主要优势在于能够更好地处理序列中元素之间的关系，也可以灵活地扩展到任何序列长度，有助于提升模型的表示能力。</p>
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<a href="/2023/08/05/android-dlopen%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">android_dlopen流程</a>
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<p>在android里面，所有的so文件在链接的时候最终都会调用到find_libraries()中。</p>
<p>链接时的名称空间：防止（Framework）和供应商（Vendor）的库中有相同符号，使用名称空间进行隔离。</p>
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<h1 id="renderdoc-hook原理">renderdoc Hook原理</h1>
<p>针对android 10 剖析renderdoc 工作原理</p>
<h2 id="renderdoc-简介">renderdoc 简介</h2>
<p> 该项目是一个纯c++的项目，通过cmakelists设置针对不同平台的抓帧方案。</p>
<p> 该项目分为三大部分:</p>
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<li><strong>renderdoc：</strong> 提供了针对android,ios,windows,unix四个平台不同的gpu的api的抽帧方案；</li>
<li><strong>qrenderdoc：</strong>使用Qt编写的pc端的界面和控制程序；</li>
<li><strong>renderdoccmd：</strong> 提供了qrenderdoc和android或者ios的通讯程序。对于android来说它负责接收qrenderdoc发出的adb 命令和存储用于hook gles api的动态链接库VkLayer_GLES_RenderDoc。</li>
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<h1 id="cuda计算优化和访存优化">CUDA计算优化和访存优化</h1>
<h2 id="gpu架构概述">GPU架构概述</h2>
<p>GPU架构是围绕一个流式多处理器（SM）的扩展阵列搭建的。通过复制这种结构来实现GPU的硬件并行。</p>
<p>下图是 A100 (GA100) SM 架构<img src="/2023/08/05/CUDA%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96/安培架构SMpng.png" alt="安培架构SMpng"></p>
<p>GPU中每个SM都能支持数百个线程并发执行，每个GPU通常有多个SM，当一个核函数的网格被启动的时候，多个block会被同时分配给可用的SM上执行。</p>
<p>当一个blcok被分配给一个SM后，他就只能在这个SM上执行了，不可能重新分配到其他SM上了，多个线程块可以被分配到同一个SM上。</p>
<p>在SM上同一个块内的多个线程进行线程级别并行，而同一线程内，指令利用指令级并行将单个线程处理成流水线。</p>
<h2 id="线程束warp">线程束(warp)</h2>
<p>CUDA 采用单指令多线程SIMT架构管理执行线程，不同设备有不同的线程束大小，但是到目前为止基本所有设备都是维持在32，也就是说每个SM上有多个block，一个block有多个线程（可以是几百个，但不会超过某个最大值），但是从机器的角度，在某时刻T，SM上只执行一个线程束，也就是32个线程在同时同步执行，线程束中的每个线程执行同一条指令，包括有分支的部分。</p>
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