Given that the update() function is called by pygame zero 60 times per second (so your game can have 60fps), make a "game" that adds a new actor every 1 second.
this is what she wrote
import pgzrun
import random
HEIGHT = 500
WIDTH = 500
actors=[]
counter = 0
def update():
global counter
counter += 1
if counter > 60:
act = Actor("c1")
act.y = random.randint(0,HEIGHT)
act.x = random.randint(0,WIDTH)
actors.append(act)
counter = 0
def draw():
screen.clear()
for actor in actors:
actor.draw()
pgzrun.go()
Write the fizzbuzz output to a file instead of the standard output
this is what she wrote
f = open("zzz.txt","w")
for i in range(100):
if i % 15 == 0:
f.write("fizzbuzz\n")
elif i % 3 == 0:
f.write("fizz\n")
elif i % 5 == 0:
f.write("buzz\n")
else:
a = str(i)
f.write(a + "\n")
f.close()
When you press P write the actor's position in a file, and when you press L, read the position from the file and move the actor to that position
import pgzrun
HEIGHT = 800
WIDTH = 800
elf = Actor("c1")
def update():
if keyboard.W:
elf.y-=5
if keyboard.D:
elf.x+=5
if keyboard.S:
elf.y+=5
if keyboard.A:
elf.x-=5
if keyboard.L:
f = open("zzz.txt","r")
data = f.read()
xy = data.split(" ")
x = float(xy[0])
elf.x = x
y = float(xy[1])
elf.y = y
f.close()
if keyboard.P:
f = open("zzz.txt","w")
f.write(str(elf.x) + " " + str(elf.y))
f.close()
def draw():
screen.clear()
elf.draw()
pgzrun.go()
Make a function writeFile which takes 2 parameters, the file name and a string to be written to the file, and a function readFile which takes one parameter, the name of the file, and returns the file's contents. Use those two functions in the program from day 321
def writeFile(name, s):
# write the string s to a file with the given name
pass
# example usage of the functin
# pos = str(elf.x) + " " + str(elf.y)
# writeFile("zzz.txt", pos)
# -------------------------
def readFile(name):
# return the total contents of the file
pass
# example usage of the functin
# s = readFile("zzz.txt")
Make a calculator where every operation is in its own function, complete the following code to support division, multiplication and subtraction:
def add(a,b):
return a + b
def calculate(n1, n2, op):
v = None
if op == "+":
v = add(n1,n2)
# make it work for multiplicaton, division and subtraction
return v
while True:
num1 = input("enter number num1: ")
num2 = input("enter number num2: ")
op = input("enter number op(+,-,/,mod): ")
r = calculate(float(num1), float(num2), op)
print("the result is:", r)
this is the code she wrote, i asked her to sometimes use temporary variables sometimes not
def add(a,b):
return a + b
def subs(a,b):
return a - b
def divv(a,b):
c = a / b
return c
def mult(a,b):
c = a * b
return c
def calculate(n1, n2, op):
v = None
if op == "+":
v = add(n1,n2)
if op == "*":
v = mult(n1,n2)
if op == "/":
v = divv(n1,n2)
if op == "-":
v = subs(n1,n2)
return v
while True:
num1 = input("enter number num1: ")
num2 = input("enter number num2: ")
op = input("enter number op(+,-,/,mod): ")
r = calculate(float(num1), float(num2), op)
print("the result is:", r)
Make tic tac toe, but using more functions:
this is what she made on the first day
import random
def empty_board():
board =["-","-","-",
"-","-","-",
"-","-","-",]
return board
def print_board(board):
print(" ","1","2","3")
print('a',board[0],board[1],board[2])
print('b',board[3],board[4],board[5])
print('c',board[6],board[7],board[8])
def person(board, personSymbol):
pos = input("enter one of a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3,c1,c2,c3: ")
# BUG: you can play over previously occpied place
if pos == 'a1':
board[0] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a2':
board[1] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a3':
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b1':
board[3] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b2':
board[4] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b3':
board[5] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c1':
board[6] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c2':
board[7] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c3':
board[8] = personSymbol
def computer(board,computerSymbol):
# BUG: places computerSymbol on all empty spaces
for i in range(0,9):
if board[i] == '-':
board[i] = computerSymbol
def check_win_or_lose(board):
pass
b1 = empty_board()
while True:
print_board(b1)
person(b1,'X')
print_board(b1)
computer(b1,'O')
Continue the tictactoe game, fix the bugs
this is what she wrote, she came up with the recursive solution, so we spent time discussing recursion, and I also showed her alternative solution without recursion
import random
def empty_board():
board =["-","-","-",
"-","-","-",
"-","-","-",]
return board
def print_board(board):
print(" ","1","2","3")
print('a',board[0],board[1],board[2])
print('b',board[3],board[4],board[5])
print('c',board[6],board[7],board[8])
def person(board, personSymbol):
pos = input("enter one of a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3,c1,c2,c3: ")
if pos == 'a1':
if board[0] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[0] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a2':
if board[1] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a3':
if board[2] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b1':
if board[3] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[3] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b2':
if board[4] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[4] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b3':
if board[5] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[5] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c1':
if board[6] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[6] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c2':
if board[7] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[7] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c3':
if board[8] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[8] = personSymbol
def computer(board,computerSymbol):
for i in range(0,9):
if board[i] == '-':
board[i] = computerSymbol
break
def check_win_or_lose(board):
if board[0] == board[1] and board[1] == board[2]:
print(board[0], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
#BUG add other conditions
return False
b1 = empty_board()
while True:
print_board(b1)
person(b1,'X')
if check_win_or_lose(b1) == True:
break
print_board(b1)
computer(b1,'O')
check_win_or_lose(b1)
alternative non recursive solution
import random
def empty_board():
board =["-","-","-",
"-","-","-",
"-","-","-",]
return board
def print_board(board):
print(" ","1","2","3")
print('a',board[0],board[1],board[2])
print('b',board[3],board[4],board[5])
print('c',board[6],board[7],board[8])
def person(board, personSymbol):
pos = input("enter one of a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3,c1,c2,c3: ")
if pos == 'a1':
if board[0] != '-':
return False
board[0] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a2':
if board[1] != '-':
return False
board[1] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a3':
if board[2] != '-':
return False
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b1':
if board[3] != '-':
return False
board[3] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b2':
if board[4] != '-':
return False
board[4] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b3':
if board[5] != '-':
return False
board[5] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c1':
if board[6] != '-':
return False
board[6] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c2':
if board[7] != '-':
return False
board[7] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c3':
if board[8] != '-':
return False
board[8] = personSymbol
return True
def computer(board,computerSymbol):
for i in range(0,9):
if board[i] == '-':
board[i] = computerSymbol
break
def check_win_or_lose(board):
pass
b1 = empty_board()
while True:
print_board(b1)
if not person(b1,'X'):
continue
print_board(b1)
computer(b1,'O')
check_win_or_lose(b1)
another example of recursion to print the numbers from 100 to 0:
def dec(x):
print(x)
if x == 0:
return
else:
dec(x - 1)
dec(100)
the finished game:
import random
def empty_board():
board =["-","-","-",
"-","-","-",
"-","-","-",]
return board
def print_board(board):
print(" ","1","2","3")
print('a',board[0],board[1],board[2])
print('b',board[3],board[4],board[5])
print('c',board[6],board[7],board[8])
def person(board, personSymbol):
pos = input("enter one of a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3,c1,c2,c3: ")
if pos == 'a1':
if board[0] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[0] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a2':
if board[1] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'a3':
if board[2] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[2] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b1':
if board[3] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[3] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b2':
if board[4] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[4] = personSymbol
if pos == 'b3':
if board[5] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[5] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c1':
if board[6] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[6] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c2':
if board[7] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[7] = personSymbol
if pos == 'c3':
if board[8] != '-':
print("YOU CANNOT PLAY HERE")
person(board,personSymbol)
else:
board[8] = personSymbol
def computer(board,computerSymbol):
empty_positions = []
for i in range(9):
if board[i] == '-':
empty_positions.append(i)
if empty_positions:
pos = random.choice(empty_positions)
board[pos] = computerSymbol
def check_win_or_lose(board):
if board[0] != '-' and board[0] == board[1] and board[1] == board[2]:
print(board[0], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[3] != '-' and board[3] == board[4] and board[4] == board[5]:
print(board[3], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[6] != '-' and board[6] == board[7] and board[7] == board[8]:
print(board[6], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[0] != '-' and board[0] == board[3] and board[3] == board[6]:
print(board[0], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[1] != '-' and board[1] == board[4] and board[4] == board[7]:
print(board[1], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[2] != '-' and board[2] == board[5] and board[5] == board[8]:
print(board[2], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[0] != '-' and board[0] == board[4] and board[4] == board[8]:
print(board[0], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
if board[2] != '-' and board[2] == board[4] and board[4] == board[6]:
print(board[0], "YOU WIN SIR PERFECT")
return True
return False
b1 = empty_board()
while True:
print_board(b1)
person(b1,'X')
if check_win_or_lose(b1) == True:
break
print_board(b1)
computer(b1,'O')
check_win_or_lose(b1)
Implement the avg() function:
def avg(list_of_numbers):
pass
numbers = [1,5,2,4,5]
a = avg(numbers)
print(a)
this is what she wrote
def avg(list_of_numbers):
n = len(list_of_numbers)
s = sum(list_of_numbers)
s = s/n
return s
numbers = [1,5,2,4,5]
a = avg(numbers)
print(a)
The IP address is just a number, 4 byte number for IP version 4 (which is the current version, but adoption for IP version 6 is coming, and it has 16 bytes), for convenience we write each byte separated by dot, for example 127.0.0.1 instead of the integer 2130706433 (you can see why we do that :)
Use two computers connected to the same Wi-Fi, make a html file somewhere on your disk:
$ mkdir website
$ cd website
$ nano index.html
Write whatever you want in it.
Now open it with chrome by going to the directory and double click on index.html, you will see how chrome can load any html file from your disk, and in fact it can open any file locally (pdf, etc). Start a python web server in the 'website' directory:
$ python -m http.server
Now open http://127.0.0.1:8000/index.html and you will see the same contents, in order to programs on the same computer (in this case chrome and the python web server) to talk over IP you can use the loopback ip address 127.0.0.1. All the packets to 127.0.0.1 will never leave your computer.
Check your ip address with ifconfig on mac/linux/bsd or ipconfig on windows (in this example we will use 192.168.0.55), and form the second computer (or phone) open http://192.168.0.55:8000/index.html and you will see the file. (usually you have one ip address per network card (interface), but there are also virtual interfaces so it might take you a while to find the right one)
When you connect to your Wi-Fi network, your router assigns you a private IP address that is not visible to others outside your network. Private IP addresses typically range from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255, and 172.16.x.x to 172.31.x.x. These addresses cannot be used directly on the internet.
Your Wi-Fi router has a single, routable IP address, which it uses to translate your private IP address to a public one and vice versa. This process is known as Network Address Translation (NAT).
Connections are initiated from the inside out, meaning that people outside your network cannot send data packets directly to your computer unless the Wi-Fi router knows which internal device to forward them to. This is determined when your computer sends traffic out, allowing the Wi-Fi router to create an entry in the translation table.
In order to make your website public on the internet, you can purchase hosting service from digitalocean.com or something similar, which will give you a computer with an public ip address. Once you place your file there then anyone can access it. The next step is to buy a domain name, becuase nobody would want to remember 64.227.76.11, so you can buy a domain name 'like punkx.org' and make it point to 64.227.76.11 then when someone opens punkx.org it will actually connect to 64.227.76.11 on port 80, you dont have to type punkx.org:80, 80 is the default port, if you are listening on a different port (like python -m http.server by default listens on 8000) then you have to specify it, like punkx.org:8000.
For now you can think of 3 kind of IP addresses, Local (127.0.0.1), Private: 10.x.x.x, 192.168.x.x and 172.16.x.x to 172.31.x.x., and Public which is basically everything else (e.g. 1.1.1.1 is a popular dns service, or 8.8.8.8, or 172.217.169.206 is google.com at the moment).
Watch Bro Code's HTML Full Course, and make some html file. Ask your parents to buy and setup a linux hosting server somewhere (I bought a vps from digital ocean), install nginx on it and add your user, make sure you use a long password (like: iloveniceramenfood) and make sure your user can write to /var/www/html.
Copy your htmkl file scp zzz.html [email protected]: where x.x.x.x will be the ip address of the hositng the : is important for scp (which means secure copy), after : goes the directory you want to copy the file to, if you dont specify it will go to the home directory of the user.
After that ssh into the machine ssh [email protected] and then move the file to /var/www/html with the mv command: mv zzz.html /var/www/html
Now open http://x.x.x.x.x/zzz.html with your browser and you are good to go!
it is important to practice separately the scp and ssh, of course you can just
scp zzz.html [email protected]:/var/www/html, but being able to ssh into machine has to become intuitive
Continue watching Bro Code's HTML Full Course
And make more files, keep uploading them via scp and then moving them in the right directory with mv.