Carbon-aware Zeus (Chase) as an optimizer

[jaywonchung]

Currently, Chase is just an unmaintained branch. We should make it an actual optimizer in Zeus.

Perhaps it's a good idea to generalize it to not just carbon, but time-varying cost. Two concrete instantiations of this:

• Carbon intensity changing over time: This is the original Chase.
• Electricity price per Wh changing over time: It's really the exact same thing as changing carbon intensity.

In any case, there should be an API supplied to the optimizer that returns the current cost (e.g., carbon intensity or electricity price) at the moment, and the online optimization algorithm will react to it.

[Lucas-Otavio]

Hello,

This API might be helpful for this functionality. It allows retrieving real-time and historical carbon intensity values for some countries/regions, as shown in this map.

[jaywonchung]

Update: We've integrated with ElectricityMaps in #129 and #148. Now users can derive carbon emission from energy measurements. Kudos to @danielhou0515!

Next up is implementing the optimizer based on this. We're also planning to look into an electricity price monitor, which acts just like carbon intensity.