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The telluride_decoding Library

(This is not an official Google product!)

This repository contains Python/Tensorflow code to decode perceptual signals from brain data. The perceptual signals we are using are generally audio features. And the brain data is one of several types of signals, such as EEG, MEG and ECoG.

License

This code uses the Apache License 2.0. See the LICENSE file for details.

Purpose

This code builds and trains models that connect perceptual signals, primarily audio, to brain signals, which can be EEG, MEG or ECOG. One common use for this type of algorithm is to decode auditory attention, as shown in the figure below.

Auditory attention decoding

In attention decoding, we wish to know which of two (or more) signals a user is attending. One signal (the upward pointing blue arrow) indicates that the signal is being processed by the entire brain and is "exciting" all areas. Another signal is heard by the auditory system, but is not attended, and doesn't recruit as much of the brain. The two signals are processed differently, and produce different brain signals.

This software helps to decide which signal the user is attending, by building a model that uses the EEG signal, for example, to predict the intensity of the attended audio signal.

Documentation

Documentation to follow (but there are extensive comments in the code.) The three primary parts of this code are:

  • decoding: Used to build, train and test models that connect audio and brain signals.
  • ingest: Use to read various kinds of file formats and transform the data into TFRecords for use by the decoding program
  • add_triggers: Used to add (randomly timed) trigger signals to an audio file so the audio can be synced to the brain recordings

Using this code

This library is written in Python (2 or 3) and uses Tensorflow. The decoding code can be run as a standalone program, or as a library, in for instance a Colab.

Documentation on the standalone decoding program can be found here. This version is useful in distributed environments, where one might want to do a parameter search. Each run of the program tests one set of parameters.

One can also use the program as a librar in a Colab. Colab allows one to interactively ingest data, build models, and test their performance. Here are some examples:

  • Telluride4: Ingest and test linear regression. colab

The code uses CPU or GPUs, as available. TPU support is forthcoming.

References

James O'Sullivan, AJ Power, Nima Mesgarani, S. Rajaram, John Foxe, Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Malcolm Slaney, Shihab Shamma, Edward Lalor. Attentional Selection in a Cocktail Party Environment Can Be Decoded from Single-Trial EEG. Cereb Cortex. 2015 Jul;25(7):1697-706.

Daniel D.E. Wong, Søren A. Fuglsang, Jens Hjortkjær, Enea Ceolini,
Malcolm Slaney, Alain de Cheveigné. A Comparison of Temporal Response Function Estimation Methods for Auditory Attention Decoding. Frontiers in Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00531.

This package contains Python and Tensorflow code for the Deep Canonical Correlation Analysis algorithm. (An earlier MATLAB implementation can be found at https://ttic.uchicago.edu/~wwang5/dccae.html)

Wang, Weiran and Arora, Raman and Livescu, Karen and Bilmes, Jeff. On deep multi-view representation learning, International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 1083-1092, 2015.

Andrew, Galen and Arora, Raman and Bilmes, Jeff and Livescu, Karen. Deep canonical correlation analysis. International conference on machine learning, pp. 1247-1255, 2013. https://ttic.uchicago.edu/~klivescu/papers/andrew_icml2013.pdf