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What is FMT().

FMT() is a simple Vertica User Defined SQL Function to format numbers... with thousand/decimal separators according to the server locale definition and round them... * the right way*.

I know the standard TO_CHAR is implemented by several databases (including Vertica):

SELECT TO_CHAR(1234555677789.12345, '9G999G999G999G999D99') FROM DUAL;

        TO_CHAR
-----------------------
1,234,555,677,789.12

(1 row)

but...

  1. it is too long to type for my taste
  2. they pretend me to know in advance the format of the output string and put the thousand group separators (G) in the right places
  3. it convert input numbers to FLOAT which can introduce approximations for very large numbers

FMT() overcomes all these issues:

  • it's short to type
  • it will automatically insert a thousand separators every three digits on its own
  • it does not introduce approximations and can work with arbitrary long numbers.

What FMT() can be used for.

FMT() can be used to format numbers in output and you can call it using three different syntaxes:

  • FMT(number) will format the number adding thousand separators without decimals
  • FMT(number, #decimals) will add thousand separators and round to the specified decimals
  • FMT(number, #decimals, format)will add thousand separators and round to the specified number of decimals using one of the following formats:
    • N for numbers
    • P for percentages
    • T for per thousands

FMT() examples.

Here you have a few examples:

SELECT FMT(-1234);
  FMT   
--------
 -1,234
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(1234567890.98765);
      FMT      
---------------
 1,234,567,890
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(1234567890.98765, 3);
        FMT        
-------------------
 1,234,567,890.988
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(-1234566666666666677777777777777778888888888888889999999999999999.7896543, 4);
                                             FMT                                             
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -1,234,566,666,666,666,677,777,777,777,777,778,888,888,888,888,889,999,999,999,999,999.7897
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(0.1234, 0, 'P');
 FMT 
-----
 12%
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(0.1234621, 2, 'P');
  FMT   
--------
 12.35%
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(0.00345432, 3, 'T');
  FMT   
--------
 3.454‰
(1 row)

SELECT FMT(126.987654, 3, 'P');
     FMT     
-------------
 12,698.765%
(1 row)

How to install FMT()

  • First... have a look to the Makefile
  • Second, as dbadmin, deploy the code in Vertica: make deploy
  • And, finally, you can make test and check everything is ok by comparing the output with the expected one here below...

Expected output:

$ make deploy
vsql -U dbadmin -X -f fmt.sql
CREATE FUNCTION
CREATE FUNCTION
CREATE FUNCTION
GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC) TO PUBLIC;
GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC, d INTEGER) TO PUBLIC;
GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC, d INTEGER, f VARCHAR) TO PUBLIC;

$ make test
SELECT FMT(-1234);
   FMT
--------
-1,234

(1 row) 

SELECT FMT(-1234567890);
      FMT
----------------
-1,234,567,890

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(1234567890.98765);
      FMT
---------------
1,234,567,890

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(1234567890.98765, 3);
        FMT
-------------------
1,234,567,890.988

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(1234567890.98765, 3, 'N');
        FMT
-------------------
1,234,567,890.988

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(-1234566666666666677777777777777778888888888888889999999999999999.7896543);
                                         FMT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-1,234,566,666,666,666,677,777,777,777,777,778,888,888,888,888,889,999,999,999,999,999

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(-1234566666666666677777777777777778888888888888889999999999999999.7896543, 4, 'N');
                                             FMT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-1,234,566,666,666,666,677,777,777,777,777,778,888,888,888,888,889,999,999,999,999,999.7897

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(0.1234, 0, 'P');
 FMT
-----
 12%

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(0.1234621, 2, 'P');
  FMT
--------
12.35%

(1 row)
 

SELECT FMT(0.00345432, 3, 'T');
  FMT
--------
3.454‰

(1 row)

SELECT FMT(126.987654, 3, 'P');
     FMT
-------------
12,698.765%

(1 row)

$ make clean
DROP FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC) ;
DROP FUNCTION
DROP FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC, d INTEGER) ;
DROP FUNCTION
DROP FUNCTION FMT(n NUMERIC, d INTEGER, f VARCHAR) ;
DROP FUNCTION

Aknowledgments

Many thanks to my colleagues :

  • Dinq-Qiang Liu (DQ)
  • Gianluigi Viganò (GG)
  • Maciej Paliwoda
  • Marco Gessner

for their suggestions.