| Command | Use |
|---|---|
basename and dirname |
Extract various components of a filepath. |
cat and tac |
File creation, reading, and basic manipulation. |
comm |
Identify unique and common lines in input streams. |
csplit |
Split inputs into output files based on line numbers and regular expressions. |
cut |
Select specific fields and characters from input streams. |
dig |
Query DNS records. |
expand and unexpand |
Convert tabs to spaces and vice versa. |
fold and fmt |
Format output. |
head and tail |
View the beginning or ending of a file. |
join |
Combine lines from two input streams based on a common field. |
nl |
Number lines in an input stream. |
paste |
Merge multiple inputs column-wise. |
pr |
Paginate or columnate inputs for printing. |
seq |
Generate a sequence of numbers. |
shuf |
Randomize input streams. |
sort |
Sort inputs lexicographically or numerically. |
split |
Split inputs into output files based on lines, bytes, or file size. |
tr |
Map one set of characters to another set of characters. |
uniq |
Identify similar lines and filter them from the output. |
wc |
Count the number of lines, words and, characters in input streams. |